数据库设计

E-R图：

将 E-R 模型转换成关系数据模型，并指出每一个关系的主码和外码（如果存在）：

1. 系（Department）：主码为系号（Dept_id）
2. 教师（Teacher）：主码为教师号（Teacher_id），外码为系号（Dept_id）
3. 简历（Resume）：主码为（Teacher_id，起始时间，终止时间），外码为教师号（Teacher_id）
4. 项目（Project）：主码为项目号（Project_id）
5. 参加（Participate）：联合主码为（项目号，教师号），外码分别为项目号（Project_id）和教师号（Teacher_id）

代码实现： 

CREATE TABLE Department (
  Dept_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  Dept_name VARCHAR(50)
);

CREATE TABLE Teacher (
  Teacher_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  Name VARCHAR(50),
  Gender VARCHAR(10),
  Title VARCHAR(50),
  Dept_id INT,
  FOREIGN KEY (Dept_id) REFERENCES Department(Dept_id)
);

CREATE TABLE Resume (
  Teacher_id INT,
  Start_time DATE,
  End_time DATE,
  Workplace VARCHAR(100),
  Position VARCHAR(50),
  PRIMARY KEY (Teacher_id, Start_time, End_time),
  FOREIGN KEY (Teacher_id) REFERENCES Teacher(Teacher_id)
);

CREATE TABLE Project (
  Project_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  Project_name VARCHAR(100),
  Source VARCHAR(100),
  Funding DECIMAL(10, 2),
  Leader INT
);

CREATE TABLE Participate (
  Project_id INT,
  Teacher_id INT,
  PRIMARY KEY (Project_id, Teacher_id),
  FOREIGN KEY (Project_id) REFERENCES Project(Project_id),
  FOREIGN KEY (Teacher_id) REFERENCES Teacher(Teacher_id)
);

E-R图：

将 E-R 模型转换为关系模型，并确保满足第三范式（3NF）：

1. Athlete( Athlete_id, Name, Gender, Team )

关键字：Athlete_id

1. Event( Event_id, Name, Time, Location )

关键字：Event_id

1. Participation( Athlete_id, Event_id, Performance )

关键字：Athlete_id, Event_id

 代码实现：

CREATE DATABASE sports_management;

USE sports_management;

CREATE TABLE Athlete (
    Athlete_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
    Name VARCHAR(50),
    Gender CHAR(1),
    Team VARCHAR(50)
);

CREATE TABLE Event (
    Event_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
    Name VARCHAR(50),
    Time DATETIME,
    Location VARCHAR(100)
);

CREATE TABLE Participation (
    Athlete_id INT,
    Event_id INT,
    Performance VARCHAR(100),
    PRIMARY KEY (Athlete_id, Event_id),
    FOREIGN KEY (Athlete_id) REFERENCES Athlete(Athlete_id),
    FOREIGN KEY (Event_id) REFERENCES Event(Event_id)
);