VPN实例配置
1. 创建VPN实例/进入VPN实例视图
[PE] ip vpn-instance vpn-instance-name
//缺省情况下,未配置VPN实例。
2. 使能VPN实例的IPv4地址族/进入VPN实例IPv4地址族视图
[PE-vpn-instance-InstanceName] ipv4-family
//缺省情况下,未使能VPN实例的IPv4地址族。
3. 为VPN实例地址族配置路由标识RD
[PE-vpn-instance-InstanceName] route-distinguisher route-distinguisher
RD常见格式有两种:
•2字节自治系统号:4字节用户自定义数,例如100:1。
•IPv4地址:2字节用户自定义数,例如192.168.122.15:1。
无论采用哪种格式,必须保证RD值全局唯一。
VPN实例地址族下一旦配置RD后,RD将==不能被修改或删除==。如果要修改,需要去使能VPN实例相应的地址族或者删除VPN实例,然后再重新配置。
4. 配置VPN实例的VPN-Target属性
[PE-vpn-instance-InstanceName] vpn-target vpn-target &<1-8>
[ both | export-extcommunity | import-extcommunity ]
vpn-target命令用来配置VPN实例地址族入方向或出方向的VPN-Target扩展团体属性。
•VPN-Target的格式与RD一致。
•一条vpn-target命令一次最多可配置8个VPN-Target。如果希望配置更多的VPN-Target,可以多次使用vpn-target命令。
5. 将接口绑定到VPN实例
[PE-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip binding vpn-instance vpn-instance-name
ip binding vpn-instance命令用来将PE上的接口与VPN实例绑定。缺省情况下,接口不与任何VPN实例绑定,属于根实例。配置接口与VPN实例绑定后,或取消接口与VPN实例的绑定,都会清除该接口的IP地址、三层特性和IP相关的路由协议,如果需要应重新配置。
MP-BGP配置
1. BGP基本配置
[PE] bgp { as-number-plain | as-number-dot }
[PE-bgp] peer ipv4-address as-number as-number
[PE-bgp] peer ipv4-address connect-interface loopback interface-number
PE之间必须使用32位掩码的Loopback接口地址来建立MP-IBGP对等体关系,以便能够迭代到隧道。
2.使能与指定MP-BGP对等体之间交换VPNv4路由信息
[PE-bgp] ipv4-family vpnv4 [ unicast ]
[PE-bgp-af-vpnv4] peer ipv4-address enable
缺省情况下,只有BGP-IPv4单播地址族的对等体是自动使能的。即在BGP视图下配置peer as-number命令后,系统会自动配置相应的peer enable命令。其他地址族视图下都==必须手动使能==。
3.配置对VPNv4路由进行过滤
[PE-bgp-af-vpnv4] policy vpn-target
policy vpn-target命令用来对接收到的VPN路由根据VPN-Target进行过滤。缺省情况下,该功能已经使能。在某些特定组网场景下,需要手动关闭过滤。
PE与CE间路由配置
- PE与CE间采用EBGP传递路由
[PE-bgp] ipv4-family vpn-instance vpn-instance-name
//进入VPN实例IPv4地址族视图
[PE-bgp-InstanceName] peer ipv4-address as-number as-number
//配置VPN私网对等体
PE上需进入VPN实例IPv4地址族视图,并将CE配置为VPN私网对等体。
CE上配置与普通EBGP配置相同,并将VPN路由通过import或network的方式引入BGP。
配置实例
配置
骨干网构建
- 在MPLS VPN骨干网络内部署OSPF,MPLS VPN骨干网络内部署的OSPF用于实现骨干网络内部的路由互通。
以PE1节点的OSPF配置为例。
[PE1]ospf 100 router-id 1.1.1.1
[PE1-ospf-100]area 0
[PE1-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.12.1 0.0.0.0
[PE1-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
- 在PE1、P、PE2节点配置MPLS及LDP,以PE1为例。
[PE1]mpls lsr-id 1.1.1.1
[PE1]mpls
Info: Mpls starting, please wait... OK!
[PE1-mpls]mpls ldp
[PE1-mpls-ldp]Interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[PE1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]mpls
[PE1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]mpls ldp
- 在PE1及PE2之间建立MP-BGP对等体关系,以PE1为例。
[PE1]bgp 123
[PE1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[PE1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 123
[PE1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
#进入BGP-VPNv4地址族视图,并使能与对等体3.3.3.3的VPNv4地址族能力。
[PE1-bgp]ipv4-family vpnv4 unicast
[PE1-bgp-af-vpnv4]peer 3.3.3.3 enable
缺省情况下,只有BGP-IPv4单播地址族的对等体是自动使能的。即在BGP视图下配置peer as-number命令后,系统会自动配置相应的peer enable命令。其他地址族视图下都必须手动使能。
骨干网配置验证
//查看公网隧道建立情况
[PE1]display mpls lsp
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LSP Information: LDP LSP
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FEC In/Out Label In/Out IF Vrf Name
3.3.3.3/32 NULL/1025 -/GE0/0/0
1.1.1.1/32 3/NULL -/-
[PE2]display mpls lsp
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LSP Information: LDP LSP
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FEC In/Out Label In/Out IF Vrf Name
3.3.3.3/32 3/NULL -
1.1.1.1/32 NULL/1024 -/GE0/0/0
//查看MP-BGP邻居状态,以PE1为例
[PE1]display bgp vpnv4 all peer
BGP local router ID : 1.1.1.1
Local AS number : 123
Total number of peers : 1 Peers in established state : 1
Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre fRcv
3.3.3.3 4 123 16 18 0 00:14:20 Established 0
VPN用户接入
1. 创建VPN实例并按照规划配置RD与RT参数,以PE1为例
[PE1]ip vpn-instance VPNX
[PE1-vpn-instance-VPNX]route-distinguisher 100:1
[PE1-vpn-instance-VPNX-af-ipv4] vpn-target 100:321 import-extcommunity
IVT Assignment result:
Info: VPN-Target assignment is successful.
[PE1-vpn-instance-VPNX-af-ipv4] 100:123 export-extcommunity
EVT Assignment result:
Info: VPN-Target assignment is successful.
[PE1-vpn-instance-VPNX-af-ipv4] quit
[PE1-vpn-instance-VPNX]quit
[PE1]ip vpn-instance VPNY
[PE1-vpn-instance-VPNY]route-distinguisher 200:1
[PE1-vpn-instance-VPNY-af-ipv4]vpn-target 200:234 import-extcommunity
[PE1-vpn-instance-VPNY-af-ipv4]vpn-target 200:432 export-extcommunity
[PE1-vpn-instance-VPNY-af-ipv4]quit
[PE1-vpn-instance-VPNY]quit
2. 将接口绑定到VPN实例。
[PE1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[PE1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip binding vpn-instance VPNX
Info: All IPv4 related configurations on this interface are removed!
Info: All IPv6 related configurations on this interface are removed!
[PE1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.100.2 24
[PE1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[PE1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip binding vpn-instance VPNY
Info: All IPv4 related configurations on this interface are removed!
Info: All IPv6 related configurations on this interface are removed!
[PE1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.100.2 24
3. 部署CE2-PE1、CE4-PE2间的路由信息交互,以CE2和PE1为例
#配置CE2上的EBGP,并引入直连路由192.168.1.0/24
[CE2]BGP 200
[CE2-bgp]peer 192.168.100.2 as-number 123
[CE2-bgp]network 192.168.1.0 24
[CE2-bgp]quit
#配置PE1上VPN实例的EBGP对等体
[PE1]bgp 123
[PE1-bgp]ipv4-family vpn-instance VPNY
[PE1-bgp-VPNY]peer 192.168.100.1 as-number 200
配置结果验证
查看VPNX用户的CE路由学习情况
[CE1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.254 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
192.168.2.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 192.168.100.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
192.168.100.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.100.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
192.168.200.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 192.168.100.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
[CE3]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
192.168.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 192.168.200.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
192.168.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.2.254 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
192.168.100.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 192.168.200.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
192.168.200.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.200.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
查看VPNY用户的CE路由学习情况
[CE2]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.254 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
192.168.2.0/24 EBGP 255 0 D 192.168.100.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
192.168.100.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.100.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
[CE4]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
192.168.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.254 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
192.168.1.0/24 EBGP 255 0 D 192.168.100.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
192.168.200.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.100.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
[PE2] display bgp vpnv4 vpn-instance VPNX routing-table 192.168.1.0 24
BGP local router ID : 3.3.3.3
Local AS number : 123
VPN-Instance VPNX, Router ID 3.3.3.3:
Paths: 1 available, 1 best, 1 select
BGP routing table entry information of 192.168.1.0/24:
Label information (Received/Applied): 1026/NULL
From: 1.1.1.1 (1.1.1.1)
Relay token: 0x1
Original nexthop: 1.1.1.1
[PE2]display mpls lsp
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LSP Information: LDP LSP
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FEC In/Out Label In/Out IF Vrf Name
1.1.1.1/32 NULL/1024 -/GE0/0/0
1.1.1.1/32 1024/1024 -/GE0/0/0
以192.168.2.0/24网段到192.168.1.0/24网段的数据为例,外层标签为1024,由MPLS LDP分配。内层标签为1026,由MP-BGP分配。