JAVA 线程

一.程序,进程,线程

程序(program)是为完成特定任务、用某种语言编写的一组指令的集合。即指一 段静态的代码.

进程((process)正在内存中运行的应用程序，如运行中的QQ，运行中的音乐播 放器。进程是操作系统进行资源分配的最小单位.

线程(thread)进程可进一步细化为线程，是一个进程内部的最小执行单元，是操 作系统进行任务调度的最小单元，隶属于进程

二.创建线程

继承Thread类的方式

public class DemoThread1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread t = new MyThread();
        t.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
            System.out.println("main" + i);
        }
    }
}

class MyThread extends Thread {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) {
            System.out.println("Thread" + i);
        }
    }
}

实现Runnable接口的方式

public class main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyRunnable runnable = new MyRunnable();
        Thread t = new Thread(runnable);
        t.start();

        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            System.out.println("main" + i);
        }
    }
}

public class MyRunnable implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            System.out.println("Runnable" + i);
        }
    }
}

三.Thread类中方法

1.Java用Thread对象表示一个线程，通过调用start()启动一个新线程；

2.线程的执行代码写在run()方法中；

3.Thread 中间构造方法 new Thread(Runnable task, String name) 可以给线程起个名字

        MyRunnable runnable = new MyRunnable();
        Thread t = new Thread(runnable,"xiaoming");
        t.start();

也可以通过

t.getName();
t.setName();

上述两个方法获取和命名线程

4. t.join();方法 指等待t线程结束然后在继续执行自身线程

 public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyRunnable runnable = new MyRunnable();
        Thread t = new Thread(runnable,"xiaoming");
        t.start();

//        join等待线程终止
        try {
            t.join();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }


        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            System.out.println("main" + i);
        }
    }

5.Thread.sleep(long millis);强迫当前线程暂停一段时间：

public class main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyRunnable runnable = new MyRunnable();
        Thread t = new Thread(runnable,"xiaoming");
        t.start();


//        Thread.sleep强迫当前线程暂停一段时间：
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            System.out.println("main" + i);
        }

    }
}

6.setPriority(int newPriority);

   getPriority();

    设置和获取优先级

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Runnable runnable = new MyRunnable();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(runnable, "xiaoming");
        Thread t2 = new Thread(runnable, "xiaohong");
        t1.setPriority(6);
        t2.setPriority(4);
        System.out.println(t1.getName() + t1.getPriority());
        System.out.println(t2.getName() + t2.getPriority());
    }
}

7.Thread currentThread();返回对当前正在执行的线程对象的引用

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Runnable runnable = new MyRunnable();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(runnable, "xiaoming");
        Thread t2 = new Thread(runnable, "xiaohong");
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        Thread thread = Thread.currentThread();
        System.out.println(thread.getName());
    }
}
public class MyRunnable implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        Thread thread = Thread.currentThread();
        System.out.println(thread.getName());
    }
}