4.编写一函数，由实参传来一个字符串，统计此字符串中字母、数字、空格和其他字符的个数，在主函数中输入字符串以及输出统计结果。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void statiscits(char ch[])
{
	int i,zimu = 0, shuzi = 0, kongge = 0, qita = 0;
	for (i = 0;ch[i] != '\0';i++)
	{
		if ((ch[i] >= 'a' && ch[i] <= 'z') || (ch[i] >= 'A' && ch[i] <= 'Z'))
			zimu++;
		else if (ch[i] >= '0' && ch[i] <= '9')
			shuzi++;
		else if (ch[i] ==' ')
			kongge++;
		else 
			qita++;
	}
	cout <<"字母的个数为" << zimu << endl;
	cout << "数字的个数为"<<shuzi<<endl;
	cout << "空格的个数为"<<kongge<<endl;
	cout << "其它的个数为"<<qita<<endl;
}
int main()
{
	cout << "输入字符串" << endl;
	char a[80];
	gets_s(a);
	statiscits(a);
}