数据库表格练习

一、创建表格和添加记录

1.创建student表

CREATE  TABLE student (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY ,
name  VARCHAR(20)  NOT NULL ,
sex  VARCHAR(4) ,
birth  YEAR,
department  VARCHAR(20) ,
address  VARCHAR(50)
);

2.创建score表

CREATE  TABLE score (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id  INT(10)  NOT NULL ,
c_name  VARCHAR(20) ,
grade  INT(10)
);

3.为student表和score表增加记录

向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');
向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);

二、练习的问题

1.查询student表的所有记录

        SELECT * FROM student;
2.查询student表的第2条到4条记录

        SELECT * FROM student LIMIT 1, 3;
3.从student表查询所有学生的学号（id）、姓名（name）和院系（department）的信息

        SELECT id, name, department FROM student;
4.从student表中查询计算机系和英语系的学生的信息

        SELECT * FROM student WHERE department IN ('计算机系', '英语系');
5.从student表中查询年龄18~22岁的学生信息

        SELECT * FROM student WHERE YEAR(CURRENT_DATE) - birth BETWEEN 18 AND 22;
6.从student表中查询每个院系有多少人

        SELECT department, COUNT(*) AS count FROM student GROUP BY department;
7.从score表中查询每个科目的最高分

        SELECT c_name, MAX(grade) AS max_score FROM score GROUP BY c_name;
8.查询李四的考试科目（c_name）和考试成绩（grade）

        SELECT c_name, grade FROM score WHERE stu_id = (SELECT id FROM student WHERE name = '李四');
9.用连接的方式查询所有学生的信息和考试信息

        SELECT s.id, s.name, s.department, sc.c_name, sc.grade

        FROM student s

        INNER JOIN score sc ON s.id = sc.stu_id;
10.计算每个学生的总成绩

        SELECT s.id, s.name, SUM(sc.grade) AS total_score

        FROM student s

        INNER JOIN score sc ON s.id = sc.stu_id

        GROUP BY s.id, s.name;
11.计算每个考试科目的平均成绩

        SELECT c_name, AVG(grade) AS average_score

        FROM score

        GROUP BY c_name;
12.查询计算机成绩低于95的学生信息

        SELECT s.id, s.name, sc.c_name, sc.grade

        FROM student s

        INNER JOIN score sc ON s.id = sc.stu_id

        WHERE sc.c_name = '计算机' AND sc.grade < 95;
13.查询同时参加计算机和英语考试的学生的信息

        SELECT s.id, s.name

        FROM student s

        INNER JOIN score sc1 ON s.id = sc1.stu_id

        INNER JOIN score sc2 ON s.id = sc2.stu_id

        WHERE sc1.c_name = '计算机' AND sc2.c_name = '英语';
14.将计算机考试成绩按从高到低进行排序

        SELECT *

        FROM score

        WHERE c_name = '计算机'

        ORDER BY grade DESC;
15.从student表和score表中查询出学生的学号，然后合并查询结果

        SELECT s.id

        FROM student s

        UNION

        SELECT sc.stu_id

        FROM score sc;
16.查询姓张或者姓王的同学的姓名、院系和考试科目及成绩

        SELECT s.name, s.department, sc.c_name, sc.grade

        FROM student s

        INNER JOIN score sc ON s.id = sc.stu_id

        WHERE s.name LIKE '张%' OR s.name LIKE '王%';
17.查询都是湖南的学生的姓名、年龄、院系和考试科目及成绩

        SELECT s.name, YEAR(CURRENT_DATE) - s.birth AS age, s.department, sc.c_name, sc.grade        

         FROM student s

        INNER JOIN score sc ON s.id = sc.stu_id

        WHERE s.address = '湖南';