C++类成员函数重载

        成员函数重载是指在同一个类里，有两个以上的函数具有相同的函数名。每种实现对应着一个函数体，但是形参的个数或者类型不同。
        例如:减法函数重载
        创建一个类，在类中定义3个名为subtract的重载成员函数，分别实现两个整数相减、两个实数相减和两个复数相减的功能。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

struct Complex //复数类型
{
    double real;//实部
    double imag;//虚部
};

class Sub //减法重载类
{
public:
    int subtract(int x, int y);            //两个整数相减
    double subtract(double x, double y);   //两个double相减
    Complex subtract(const Complex &x, const Complex &y);//两个复数相减
};

int Sub::subtract(int x, int y)//两个整数相减
{
    return x - y;
}
double Sub::subtract(double x, double y)//两个double相减
{
    return x - y;
}
Complex Sub::subtract(const Complex& x, const Complex& y)//两个复数相减
{
    Complex c;
    c.real = x.real - y.real;  //实部相减
    c.imag = x.imag - y.imag;  //虚部相减
    return c;
}

int main()
{
    int m = 30;
    int n = 20;
    double x = 34.5;
    double y = 23.2;
    Complex a = {10,10};
    Complex b = { 5,5 };
    Sub s;
    cout << m << " - " << n << " = " << s.subtract(m, n) << endl;
    cout << x << " - " << y << " = " << s.subtract(x, y) << endl;
    Complex c = s.subtract(a, b);
    cout << "(" << a.real << "+" << a.imag
        << "i)" << " - " << "(" << b.real << "+" << b.imag << "i)"
        << " = " << "(" << c.real << "+" << c.imag << "i)" << endl;
    return 0;
}

程序运行结果如下: