考研小作文真题、范文及讲解

小作文讲义

 

大纲要求

考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，还应能写一般描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章。短文写作时，考生应能：

1） 做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；

2） 遵循文章的特定文体格式；

3） 合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；

4） 根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当使用语域。

 

 

一、 2005-2008 小作文真题

 

1.1 2008年　小作文

 

You just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forget to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to

　　1) make an apology, and

　　2) suggest a solution.

　　You should write about 100 words on answer sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “ Li Ming”instead. Do not write the address

 

在以往几年考过了正式语言风格的辞职信、申请信和建议信后，此次小作文转换了写作信函的类型，考查了偏向于私人交流的道歉信。通过列举的提纲，又可以判断出信函不只是要求做道歉，还需要给出相对应的建议来解决问题。因此本题还是把道歉信和建议信混合在一起，只不过道歉的元素更多一些。

本文写作难度不大，因为在题目中把出事的原因结果都交代清楚了，考生只需要先道歉，重复发生的情况，描述是由于忘记归还，已把CD带回了国内。考生只在第二部分加以发挥即可，根据举一反三的原则，所提出的解决措施可以列出三个：快件寄回、赔偿费用或下次出国再归还。记住，提纲中的 “ a”  一般要当作 “ 两个以上”  来处理，才能写出内容和层次。由于是道歉信的模式，开头道歉，结尾最好再道歉一次，主题就更加明确。

本文可以按三部分处理，首段直接道歉并交代情况来由，中段讲出解决问题的建议和措施，最后再次道歉并强化礼貌语气。

范文（一）

Dear Bob,

I'm writing to apologize for having forgotten to return “The Beatles” (甲壳虫合唱队) CD to you when I left Canada. I was in such a hurry that I packed everything in my luggage without checking carefully. Had I paid more attention then, I wouldn't have made such a stupid mistake.

Now something must be done to solve the problem because I understand you cherish the CD enormously. I can either send it to you by express mail or alternatively compensate you at a reasonable price. If you do not mind, I may bring it back to you next time I go to Canada .

Please let me know which solution you prefer at your earliest convenience. I really hope you will accept my sincere apology.

Faithfully yours,

Li Ming   (129)

文章评析

范文为缩进式格式，由于属于私人信件，题目提供的房东的名字是Bob, 文章开始的称呼为 “Dear Bob”，语气比较随意，所以要按对待一个熟人的口吻来创作。第一段开门见山，使用” apologize for” 结构直接表示道歉。为了不让信息零散出现，首段分别使用了 “ when”  和 “ such...that...” 串接信息。语法上，除了在 “for” 和 “without” 后面使用分词形式，最后一句使用了倒装虚拟语气结构” Had..., I wouldn't have...”，加强了自责和后悔的语气。

第二段按议论文模式设定了段首句，但并不需要使用繁复的序列分层语言，因为总的语气不需要太正式。提出的前两种方案用 “either...or alternatively...” 灵活列出。而第三种方案也是用 “If you do not mind” 来自然衔接。第二段中，动词 “cherish” 和 “compensate” 比较有特色。

第三段中，作者必须再次进行道歉。根据 “感谢、道歉、祝贺不能少的原则”，连续两次使用传达礼貌的句型。 “Please let me know which solution you prefer at your earliest convenience. I really hope you will accept my sincere apology.” 这是信函中表示道歉的经典句型，值得记忆并实践使用。

范文（二）

Dear Bob,

I am a tenant from China who had been living in your house in Canada for two weeks. I am writing the letter to inform you that I wish to extend my sincere apology to you.

First and foremost (首先), I take this opportunity show my heartfelt appreciation to the kind assistance you render me during my stay in Canada. In addition, I borrowed one CD of Beethoven’s symphonies from you in Canada . Unfortunately, when I returned home, I found to my surprise that the CD was in my personal baggage due to my carelessness.

To solve the problem, I would like to send this CD to you by Express Mail Service. Once again, please accept my sincere apology for any inconveniences I have caused. I hope the settlement of the matter will meet your wishes.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming (141)

 

范文（三）

Dear Bob，

I have just come back and to my surprise, I have found a music CD borrowed from you in my luggage. I am writing the letter in purpose of apologizing for my inability to return it to you.

There are, to my mind （根据某人的意见）, several urgent measures might be taken to solve the problem. On the one hand, I could deliver the CD with express mail and approximately, four days later, you would receive it. On the other hand, I would like to pay for it provided that you might agree with the idea. Once again, I am terribly sorry for any inconvenience caused.

Hope you can accept my apologies and send me a reply at your earliest convenience. My appreciation to you for your prompt attention is beyond words.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming (146 words)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.2 2007年小作文

 

　　Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service.
　　You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
　　Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “ Li Ming” instead.
　　Do not write the address. (10 points)
　　
题目解析

    考研写作命题每年均寻求创新，2007也不例外。往年小作文题目皆由情景交代 ＋ 三点 提纲组成，情景交代可以改写放在第一段，三点提纲改写放在第二段。但2007年没有情景交代，只有一点笼统提纲：建议大学图书馆改进服务。考生自由发挥的余地更大，不会造成太大的障碍。只要不跑题，可以随意发挥，只要是改进图书馆服务的建议均可。

    由于是公务信函，称呼可写 “Dear Sir or Madam，” 或”To Whom It May Concern，” 均可，根据《大纲解析》，注意后面最好使用英式英语中的逗号，不要使用美式英语中的冒号。

    书写格式最好使用缩进式，正文段间不空行，首行缩进4－5个字母并对齐。大部分同学首段可以进行自我介绍：大学生；说明写作目的：建议改进服务。第二段应该针对图书馆的服务问题提出二至三点具体建议，不要只是空发议论。由于是针对机构的建议信，尾段可以表示感谢、期待回信。

    落款应写在稿纸中间偏后的位置，写成两行。首行是结尾客套：” Yours sincerely,” 即可；次行签名应写” Li Ming”，不要写上自己的真实姓名。

 

注意事项

 

建议信不是投诉信，观点应该合情合理，注意礼貌当先。首段简介自己不要罗嗦，说明目的注意语气；主体段提出具体建议，最好首先肯定优点，再写改进内容，否则容易变成投诉信。任何时候与对方进行交流，都要注意对方感受。时时提到你和我，否则变成议论文。尾段总结建议，注意礼貌，易于接受。

有些同学可能投诉内容写的较多，也不要过于忧虑。阅卷老师重点考查的还是语言水平，只要语言基本正确，应该可以拿到基本的及格分数。

 

范文

Dear Sir or Madam,

As a frequent user of our library, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to you for the help you render （offer） me. I am writing the letter in purpose of offering some conducive (helpful) recommendations to upgrade the quality of your service.

Firstly, a great many students express their frustration with our library in that there are usually long lines waiting for assistance. Secondly, since computers are used by all major libraries to streamline (modernize) cataloguing, we should have access to the Internet via computers. Lastly, I shall be much obliged to you if you could kindly replace all the outdated facilities and provide more convenience to readers.

I hope you will find the proposals practical. Your prompt attention to my suggestions would be highly appreciated.

                                                                      Yours sincerely,

                                                                              Li Ming  (133 words)

 

 

范文详解

        

    本文共三段七句，总分总结构，内容方面，覆盖了提纲中所有信息点；结构方面，合理组织文章结构，内容统一连贯；语言方面，基本正确、丰富多变；格式和语域符合要求。

     首段两句，首句进行自我介绍，使用了介词短语放在句首作状语及后置定语从句，首先肯定优点，再写改进内容，让对方易于接受建议，这是建议信的规范写法，直接提出建议则类似于投诉信，注意两种书信的区别，不要混为一谈。第二句说明写作目的，使用了介词短语作目的状语。首段出现了 “ frequent user” , “ would like to” , “ express sincere gratitude” , “ render” , “ I am writing the letter in purpose of” , “ offer conducive recommendations” , “ upgrade the quality of service” 等精彩表达。

     第二段是书信的主体段，共三句，并列结构，提出三点建议：缩短等候时间、连入互联网、替换过时设备并提供更多便利，使用了 “ firstly” , “ secondly” , “ lastly”  三个关联词简洁明了。首句出现了原因状语从句放在句尾和主谓倒装结构；第二句出现了原因状语从句放在句首和被动语态；尾句使用了条件状语从句和并列谓语。第二段依次出现了 “a great many” , “express frustration” , “stream cataloguing” , “have access to” , “via” , “be obliged to” , “replace outdated facilities” , “provide conveniences”  等精彩话语，为书信增色不少。

     尾段共两句，进行小结，再次表示感谢、期待回信。写给个人的建议信无需表示感谢，但本文是写给机构的建议信，可以表示适当的感谢。尾段出现了 “ proposals” , “ practical” , ” prompt attention” , “ would” , “ appreciate”  等精彩表达。      

 

范文（二）

 

Dear Librarian,

I am a frequent user of the library, and would like to thank you for providing students with such excellent service. I am writing you to put forward two suggestions for you to better your service.

First, it would be very helpful if you would provide an outdoors drop-off slot for books. I often walk by the library on my way home from class, and it would save me a lot of time if I could simply drop my books in the slot rather than going inside and giving the books to the librarian.

Second, I would be delighted if you would expand the size of the computer lab. Currently, I often have to wait for quite a while before a computer becomes available.

Many thanks for considering my suggestions.

Sincerely,

Li Ming （132 words）

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.3  2006年 小作文

 

请求信 (Letter of Request) 的写法

    请求信是对收信人提出请求，并希望对方满足该要求。写请求信的重点是要写清楚为什么要请求他人做某事，请求他人做某事的原因。

写请求信时首先要说明写作意图，一定要注意语气要礼貌，用词要规范；然后具体展开说明请求的原因；最后表示希望对方予以答复。

写作”三步走”：

介绍自己、提出请求->说明原因及其它事项->表达谢意、期盼答复

在许多情况下，请求信是写给不认识的人或者机构，所以在信的开头可以做一下简单的自我介绍。同时，由于提出的请求往往都是需要麻烦别人的事情，所以要注意语气的礼貌程度，不要吝啬你的感谢。

 

　　You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.

Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter; use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

范文（一）

Dear Sir,
    I’m a teacher of Renmin university of China and I’d like to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote part of your province. So, I would be most grateful if you could send me information regarding such a child who has met the following standards:
    First, he must be very poor and truly in need of help. Second, he must have the strong desire to improve things around him. Third, he must be healthy, happy and optimistic. Last but not the least is that he must be willing to return to his hometown to do something for it after graduation from university.
    I would send him money every year from this year on until he finishes his higher education. Your prompt attention to this letter would be highly appreciated. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.

                                              Sincerely yours,  

                                                  Li Ming

 

 

范文（二）

Dear Sir or Madam,
　　I am writing the letter to you to confirm if any child, who needs financial aid through project Hope, is available. I am longing for extending financial aid to those children who did not have chance to receive education from poverty-stricken area, Thus, I made up my mind to help two kinds of child : firstly, he or she did not have stable financial source which can cover their education fares, secondly, his or her academic performance in the school is excellent. As to my plan, in the first place, I should spare no effort to save every penny from now on; in the second place, I will check the school report of every candidate during the term.
   I believe heartedly that I will be ideal candidate for project Hope under your qualifications. I appreciate your decision and am available for your reply every morning.
　　Thanks for your consideration.
　　                                          Sincerely yours,
　                                             　Li Ming  (160 words)

 

 

1.4 2005年小作文

考研英语作文对信函的要求并不高，只要写出100个词汇。类型上与简单提纲作文相似，也分了三点内容加以陈述表达。从格式上考虑，2005要求的辞职信应当写出三个部分：称谓、信体、签名。根据提纲信体部分还要写出三个内容：决定、原因、致歉。

第一段要求讲出个人决定。由于事务信函讲究开门见山说意图，可以用一句话首先明确自己想要辞职的意图，之后结合要求中提供的部分信息，说明两个月后发现工作并不符合自己的职业预期，说明做出决定是经过了深思熟虑。

第二段为原因列举段，需要考生举一反三讲细节。可以把它看作一个完整的原因列举段，用中心句统领全段，之后讲出几个不同的原因。其实内容很好构造，可以假设工作不能发挥个人潜力、收入不高以及父母生病等等。一个原因显得单薄，根据考试作文的习惯，我们尽量写出三个原因。
   第三段要表示道歉。的确如此，刚刚工作了两个月，可能试用期都没有干完就走人，辜负了领导的信任，又会耽误报社的工作，必然要做出正式道歉。

Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss Mr. Wang. Telling him your decision stating your reason（s） and make an apology.

范文（一）

Dear Mr. Wang,

I would formally request to resign from my present post as editor for the magazine  Designs & Fashions. During the two months of probation period, I find the job totally different from what I expected. After weigh everything, I have made up my mind to quit this job.

There are three factors accounting for my decision. First, the job is not challenging enough to bring my potential into full play. I prefer being active and meeting different people to staying stagnant in the office. Second, with the poor salary, I can hardly afford to rent my present apartment with two bedrooms. Third, my mother is in hospital due to her serious heart problem. I have to return to Hangzhou to look after her.

I want to apologize for the inconveniences I have caused. Thank you for your attention to my request. I look forward to your reply as soon as possible.

Sincerely yours,

Li Ming （158 words）

 

范文详解

 

第一段开门见山讲意图，直接使用了“I would formally request to ...”句型，作为一种申请形式讲出来，非常正式规范。表示辞职意图时分别使用了”resign from my present post”和 “quit this job”两个不同的表达。“做出决定”的表达有“decision”和“make up one's mind”，语言追求了变化。表示“深思熟虑”的用词为 “weighing everything”。

第二段的原因列举段直接采用了经典的段首句“There are three factors accounting for my decision”, 除了词组“accounting for”成为闪光点外，语法上采用了分词做后置定语，也属写作中的特色表达。在表述第一个原因时采用了词组　“bring one's potential into full play”， “prefer...to...”，　“stay stagnant”。

第三段的首尾属于传统事务信函的套路。由于字数要控制在100-150词之间，只要把传统的感谢道歉句型罗列出来即可。三句话的次序分别是：先郑重道歉，再感谢领导考虑自己申请，最后期待早点收到回信。语言都是地道的句型，在其它信函中仍然可以套用。

　 范文 (二)

　　Dear Mr. Wang，

　　I am writing to inform you about my decision to resign from my current position. There are a few factors involved that I find intolerable.

　　First of all，the salary has proven to be much lower than you originally promised, and I have a large family to support. In addition，the office is located in the downtown area, yet I live in the suburbs, so it is exhausting for me to spend over three hours commuting every day. Most importantly, I feel rather disappointed and left out (neglect) on the job itself as in the past two months I was never given any really important responsibility.

　　I sincerely hope that you approve of my resignation. I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.

　　                                                              Yours sincerely,

　　                                                                   Li Ming (136 words)

范文（三）

Dear Mr. Wang,
I am writing to inform you of my resignation, effective immediately.

After two months of work, I find it is inappropriate for me to take the position as an editor here. I have expected the job to be interesting and challenging, which turns out to be the opposite. Therefore, I have decided to quit the job after much deliberation (careful consideration). Please let me know if there is anything I need to do before my departure.
    Thank you very much for your offering the opportunity to me to work with the outstanding staff here. I wish you and your company great success in the future.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Sincerely yours,

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Li Ming (110 words)

 

 

二、应用文写作举例

 

　2.1请病假的信

 

　　For the time being, you are working as an apprentice in a working unit. Next week, you can not go to work. Write a note to your department head, Mr. Wang, asking for leave, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.

　　Write your note with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the note; use “ Li Ming”  instead. (10 points)

A Sick Leave

　                                          　Jan. 14, 2008

 

Dear Mr. Wang,

　　I, the undersigned, am an apprentice in the distribution department. I am writing to you, asking for sick leave.

　　One month ago, I caught a flu and since then I have been feeling weak. Sometimes I even feel dizzy (眩晕) and can not concentrate on my work. Thus I deem that I need a health check-up so that I have made an appointment with a doctor in No. 301 People’s Liberation Army, to be exact, next Monday. Therefore I can not come and work then.

　　I hope that you are kind enough to give me one day off. I feel sorry for the inconvenience I have caused.

　　                                              Sincerely yours,

　　                                                 Li Ming

(116 words)

　

 

 

 

2.1 婉拒信

 

　　Yesterday, you received a letter of invitation from Tom Cruise, one of your American friends. You are asked to attend his birthday party. But you can not accept his invitation. Write a letter to Tom, telling him your refusal, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.

Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming”  instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

 

A Letter of Declination

　　                                                 Jan. 14, 2008

Dear Tom Cruise,

 

　　First of all, thank you for inviting me to attend your birthday party to be held on Jan 20, 2008. I would like to accept your warm invitation but I can not due to an earlier appointment.

　　Two weeks ago, I made an appointment with one of my high-school classmates. He will accompany his mother who suffers from cancer to Beijing to see a doctor. Since he is a stranger in Beijing , he asks me for help and I have consented.

　　Anyway I feel sorry for disappointing you. However please wait to receive my surprising gift for you by EMS on your birthday. Many Happiness returns of the day!

　　                                         Sincerely yours,

　                                            　Li Ming

　                                           　(119 words)

 

 

 

2.3祝贺信

Last week, you got to know that Zhang Hong, one of your middle school classmates, was admitted to Cambridge University as a post-graduate. Write a letter to Zhang, telling her your congratulations, stating your feeling(s), and make a wish.

Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming”  instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

 

　　             A Letter of Congratulation

 

　　                                             Jan. 14, 2008

 

Dear Zhang Hong,

 

Last week, I was delighted to learn that you are admitted to the graduate school （研究生院）of Cambridge University. I am writing to you to express my heartfelt congratulation.

Your remarkable achievement is the result of your painstaking efforts and perseverance. The word “Never say die” (永不言败) is your motto since our middle school days. You are a girl of conviction（信念） and have been my example. You are the pride of our class.

I hope that you will make great academic progress and successfully get your MS（理学硕士）degree in Cambridge. Again, please accept my sincere congratulation.

　                                   Sincerely yours,

　                                    Li Ming

 

　　                                    (102 words)

 

 

 

2.4通知

　　

Now you are working as an editor in a TV station. You are planning to hold a contest — Foreigners Sing Chinese Songs. Write an announcement, in which you brief the event, state the relevant requirement(s), and make an invitation.

Write your announcement with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming”instead. (10 points)

 

　　               An Announcement

 

　　                                   Jan. 14, 2008

 

A contest — Foreigners Sing Chinese Songs — is to be held on February 14-24, 2008, by International Department of China Central Television Station (CCTV). The contest consists of three stages (preliminary, semi-final, and final).

Foreigners who work, study, or live in China are eligible （有资格）to take part in the contest. Registration is required via hotlines (010) 82073660 and (010) 62043340 and a tape of participant’s singing must be submitted to Editor Zhang Ying of International Department before January 20. No registration fee is charged.

All foreign friends are warmly invited to join us. Your participation is our success.

　                                      　Li Ming

　                           　Editor of International Dept. of CCTV

 

 

 

 

 

2.5道歉信

　

Two weeks ago, you borrowed a book from library, but unfortunately you lost the book. Write a letter to the librarian, Mr. Wang, telling him your case, stating your intention to compensate, and making an apology.

Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming”  instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

 

　　                 A Letter of Apology

　Jan. 14, 2008

　

 

Dear Mr. Wang,

I, the undersigned, am a senior in the Computer Science Department of our university. Two weeks ago, I borrowed a book — Practical Writing and Reading on NETEM（全国硕士研究生入学英语考试(NETEM, 即:National Entrance Test Of English For MA/MS Candidates)— from our library. Unfortunately my schoolbag was stolen yesterday and the book is lost. I am writing to apologize to you.

I feel terribly sorry and do know that any apology is pale and futile for the time being. Anyway, as a university student, I must be responsible for my action and intend to compensate according to the rules and regulations set up by our library.

Again, please accept my apology. I feel guilty for the inconvenience and loss I have caused.

　                                      　Sincerely yours,

 

　                                          　Li Ming

 

 

　(117 words)

三、各类应用文写作技巧补充

 

2008考研作文考试大纲要求考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。写作时，考生应能：

　　1）做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；

2）遵循文章的特定文体格式；

3）合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；

　　4）根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语域。

　
　　3.1考研英语应用文之一：英文备忘录
　　备忘录是一种录以备忘的公文。 在公文函件中，它的等级是比较低的，主要用来提醒、督促对方，或就某个问题提出自己的意见或看法。在业务上，它一般用来补充正式文件的不足。
  　3.1.1英文备忘录主要内容
　　1、书端（Heading）
　　2、收文人的姓名、头衔、地址（Addressee’s Name, Title, Address）
　　3、称呼(Salutation)
　　4、事因 (Subject)
　　5、正文（Body）
　　6、结束语（Complimentary Close）
　　7、署名（Signature）

　3.1.2英文备忘录写作注意事项
　　1) 书端部分包括发文机关的名称、地址、发文日期，有的还包括电报挂号、电传号、电话号码等。许多机关有自己特制的信笺，在写书端时，其格式和标点符号的使用与一般信件的相同。
　　2) 称呼从左边顶格写起，对一般机关、团体的负责人一般用 Dear Sir， 对政府官员可用Sir。
　　3) 正文、结束语和署名等项与一般信件的格式相同。”事因” 一项目前采用得较少。

　 范文

Directions: Someone put forward a proposal to adopt the “punch in” （打上班钟卡）system in her memo in June 12, 2006. Write a memo to her with the information below. Your memo should be in no less than 100 words.

 

　　To: Mr. Brown manager of operations

　　From: Betty Green Supervisor

　　Subject: comments on the “punch in” system

　　Date: September 21

　　This is further to your memo dated back to June 12, 2006, in which you proposed that the employees adopt the “punch in” system.

　　I fully agree with you that we should take measures to increase the productivity and that we would have a tighter control over the employees if the “punch in” system is adopted. However, honestly speaking, I don’t think that adopting a tighter system will increase productivity. The most effective way to increase productivity, in my opinion, is to give the employees more incentives to work. I think we could further discuss other possibility of achieving this goal.

　　Your consideration of this suggestion would be highly appreciated.

　                                  　Yours sincerely,

　                                    　Betty Green

　　译文

　　这是回复你2006年6月12日的备忘录，当时你建议所有的员工采用打卡考勤制度。

　　我非常同意你的看法，我们应该采取措施提供工作效率，如果采用打卡考勤制度我们可以更严格的控制员工。但说实话，我并不认为实行打卡制度就可以提高工作效率。我认为，提高工作效率最好的办法就是给员工更多的鼓励。对于实现这一目的的方式我们还可以继续探讨。

　　希望你能认真考虑这个建议。

备忘录范文（二）

To: the secretary

From: the manager

Xiao Zhang,

　　We have decided to refund the customer who had purchased a flawed product from our company. Please write a letter to him informing him of our decision and arrange for him to get the refund.

　　Since the quality of our product and service is vital to the well-being of our company, any complaint from our customers must be heeded immediately. You did a fine job by telling me duly. Thank you.

　                                             　Manager Li

　　3.2考研英语应用文之二：英文摘要
　　文章摘要是对所写文章主要内容的精炼概括，美国人称摘要为” Abstract” ，而英国人则喜欢称其为 “Summary” 。国际刊物要求所刊登的论文摘要的字数通常是100 -200字。摘要的位置一般放在一篇文章的最前面，内容上涵盖全文，摘要通常多采用第三人称撰写。另一种解释是abstract的作者一般是原文作者；summary则指将篇幅较长的文章缩短，摘要出主要的部分和内容。考研的摘要显然属于summary。
　　3.2.1英文摘要题型写作要点
　　① 动笔之前一定要认真仔细地阅读所给原文，弄懂原文大意掌握要点。
　　② 摘要长度一般是原文的四分之一或五分之一，考试时应遵守字数限制。
　　③ 在做摘要时考生切忌照搬原文。
　　④ 摘要应与原文的观点保持一致，并且仍按原文的逻辑顺序排列。
　　⑤ 重点反映主要观点，删除细节。
　　⑥ 简化从句，用简短的语句代替冗长的语句。
　　⑦ 检查与修改时，考生应重点检查是否遗漏了原文的要点或包含了细节。

⑧ 用第三人称行文；多使用一般现在时；避免使用对话；避免使用倒叙。

 

摘要（summary）范文

Directions: Study the following essay carefully and write a summary in about 100 words.

Student Rights

 

——By Jeff Bakersfield

 

Who knows better than the students themselves what a university should do for them and how they should be treated? Yet how often do students have any say at all in such important issues as faculty selection, curriculum planning, and scheduling? The answer is obvious: never. If university administrations refuse to include student representatives in the decision-making process, something drastic must be done.

Let’s examine what is happening right here on our own campus in the areas mentioned above. The first major issue is the selection of faculty members. Never in the history of this college has a student been permitted to interview, examine the credentials of, or even meet prospective professors. All hiring is done by a joint administrative faculty committee, often made up of people who will not even have extensive dealings with the individuals after they begin teaching. Those who have the most at stake and whose lives and academic careers will be governed by the professors - the students themselves - never even meet the new teachers until the first class meeting. No one is better equipped to evaluate a professor's ability to communicate with students than those whom he or she intends to teach. Anyone can read curriculum vitae to ascertain the level of professional training and experience someone has had, but the best judges of a teacher’s ability to teach, which is the primary function of any professor, are undoubtedly the students themselves.

Students interest in and commitment to appropriate curricula are even more obvious. We have come to college with very specific purposes in mind: to prepare ourselves intellectually and practically for the future. We know what we need to learn in order to compete successfully with others in our chosen fields. Why should we be kept out of the curriculum planning process? If we pay for the textbooks, spend hours in the library doing research, and burn the midnight oil studying for tests and exams, why are we not permitted to give our opinions about the materials we will spend so many hours studying? It is imperative that our views be made known to curriculum planners.

Finally, the area of scheduling is of vital interest to students. The hours at which classes are offered affect the workings of our daily lives. Many of us must juggle work and class schedules, but often administrators ignore such problems when they schedule classes. Schedules must be convenient and flexible so that all students have equal opportunities to take the most popular classes and those which are most essential to their majors. If students helped with scheduling, never would there be two required courses offered at the same time for only one semester per academic year. Never would we have to wait two or three semesters to take a course that is a prerequisite for other desired courses, nor would we have to race across campus in ten minutes to get from one class to the next. Students are vitally concerned with the scheduling area.

In the 1960s and early 1970s, students were not too shy or fearful to demonstrate against the injustices they saw in the draft system and the Vietnam conflict. Why should students today be afraid to voice their opinions about the very important issues that affect their very lives? It is imperative that students act to protect their own rights. Fellow university students, I urge that you meet together and draw up demands to be presented to the administration. We must take the future in our own hands, not be led to it like passive sheep. Let us act now so that we will not be sorry later!

Summary:

In his essay, Student Rights, Jeff Bakersfield stated that students had the right to be involved in university administrative decisions. Using the current situation on his own college campus as an example, he emphasized that students should be included in decisions regarding selection of faculty, curriculum planning, and scheduling of classes. He pointed out that students not only had more vital interests in the decisions made in these areas than those who traditionally settle the issues, but that they were also better equipped through their experiences as students to make intelligent decisions about them. Bakersfield concluded by stating that it was crucial for students to become actively involved in protesting unilateral (单方面的) administrative decisions and proposed that they meet to discuss their mutual interests and demands.

 

译文

在学生的权利一文中，Jeff Bakersfield强调学生有权利参与学校行政决定的过程。他举了他所在学校作为例子，强调学生应该参与到员工招募、课程设置和课时安排等方面的决定。他指出学生对这些决定比那些做决定的人更感兴趣，另外，让他们做出关系切身利益的决定使他们更能成为好学生。Bakersfield 总结到学生应该主动要求打破原来单边决定模式，学生应该在一起讨论他们共同的兴趣和要求。

3.2.3 英文摘要常见句型
　　1）This paper deals with...
　　2）This article focuses on the topics of (that, having, etc)...
　　3）This essay presents knowledge that...
　　4）This thesis discusses...
　　5）This thesis analyzes...
　　6）This paper provides an overview of...
　　7)This paper elaborates on ...
　　8）This article gives an overview of...
　　9）This article compares...and summarizes key findings.
　　10）This paper includes discussions concerning...
　　11)This paper presents up to date information on...
　　12)This article covers the role of chemicals in...
　　13)This paper addresses important topics including...
　　14)This paper touches upon...
　　15)This paper strongly emphasizes...
　　16)This essay represents the proceedings of ...
　　17)This article not only describes...but also suggests...
　　18)This paper considers...
　　19)This paper provides a method of ...
　　20)This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze...
    对比： Abstract 写法的范文

在……背景下，鉴于……情况/现象，结合……理论，通过……方法，对……分析论证，得出…….结论， 具有……意义。
  　 A. 建筑英语属于专门用途英语，有自身独特的文体特征。根据文体学有关理论，结合建筑英语实例，从不同侧面对其文体特征进行了分析，对建筑英语的阅读、写作和翻译具有一定借鉴意义。

Architectural English belongs to English for specific purposes with its unique stylistic features. Based on stylistic theory and architectural English examples, the stylistic features of architectural English are analyzed from different aspects, which provides some references for architectural English reading, writing and translation.

 

B.针对译界争论的翻译实践是否需要翻译理论指导的问题，本文结合原文，对比了 张经浩 先生 和孙致礼 先生的《爱玛》中译本；并由此进一步探讨了两位译者的翻译观，得出了翻译实践离不开翻译理论的结论。并指出，忠实与通顺是文学翻译的基本要求，二者之间存在着辨证统一的关系。

 

In view of the controversy whether translation theory is required in translation practice, two Chinese versions of Emma are compared and contrasted based on the original, and the two translators’ translating principles are further studied. By analysis, the conclusion is reached that translation practice cannot be successfully conducted without the guidance of translation theory. And it is presented that faithfulness and smoothness are the basic requirements for literary translation, which are united dialectically.

 

　　3.3　报告

报告是下级部门就某件事情向上级部门和领导回报工作、反映情况、提出建议等使用的上行公文。就其内容实质来说，可分为信息类报告和分析类报告。信息类报告在日常事务中经常发生，其目的是通报信息和情况，一般要求准确、正确、完整、简明扼要。分析类报告在语言和格式上则更加正式、复杂，其目的在于对某问题或情况进行调查、研究、分析、评估或论证后提出结论，篇幅一般较长。报告的写作主要有以下要求：

（1）写好一份报告，撰写人首先要对所要写的内容有充分的了解。写作时，应尽量多用被动语态，少用第一人称，以免主观、冒昧。

（2）一般英文报告都可采用书信格式。

（3）报告要有明确的中心思想、清楚的段落层次和合理的结构安排。

Directions: You are now preparing for your graduation paper on the advantage and disadvantage of electronic mail; write a progress report to your tutor telling him what you have done last week. Your report should be no less than 100 words.

报告范文（一）

To: Professor Barbara Felton

From: James Green

Date: April 12, 2005

Subject: First progress report on research paper

　　This is the first of the two progress reports you asked me to submit about my research paper on the advantages and disadvantages of electronic mail.

　　Last week, I gathered information from library materials and from an interview. Of the twelve references listed on my proposal, I found only nine, for others I will go to search in a larger library.

　　As far as interview concerned, I had an extended interview with Mr. Moore of General Dynamics, who gave me some brochures as well as a copy of a report on electronic mail he wrote for General Dynamics-materials I hope to use in my paper.

　　Starting tomorrow, I will begin organizing my paper. I will be able to submit a rough draft by the end of this month.

　　Sincerely yours,

James Green

 

　　译文

　　这是您要求我做的有关电子邮件的利与弊论文的两个进展报告中的第一篇。

　　上周我收集的资料主要来源于图书馆和采访。您建议的12本参考书，我只找到了9本，其他的我准备到大些的图书馆去找。

　　至于采访，我对研究基础动力学的摩尔先生进行了一次深入的采访。他给了我一些介绍，同时还有一份他写的关于电子邮件的报告，我打算放到我的论文中。

　　从明天开始，我要开始组织我的论文。在月底应该可以将草稿给您看。

您诚挚的：詹姆士·格林

 

范文（二）

To：Mr. Johnson

From：Li Nan

Subject：Ship Accident off West Coast of The Yangtze River，No Casualties.

Date：April.4，2005

Yesterday evening two boats collided in thick fog in The Yangtze River not far from Wu Han. One was a cargo ship carrying lumber，apparently on its way to The Yangtze River. The other was a National ferry on its regular run from Jiu Jiang to Wu Han.

However，because of the weather conditions，the captains did not realize the danger until a few seconds before the collision took place. Consequently，there was no time for them to prevent the accident.

Fortunately，there were no casualties among the crews or passengers，but both ships suffered badly damages.

A spokesman for the port authorities said that a committee would be set up to determine the cause of the collision.

　　　                              Sincerely yours,

　                                   　Li Nan

　　

　　译文

 

　收信人：约翰逊先生

　发信人:李楠

　主题:长江西岸撞船事故,无伤亡

　日期:2005年4月4日

　昨晚在距武汉不远处，长江上的两艘船在浓雾中相撞。其中一艘为装运木材的货船，正向长江驶来；另外一艘是国家渡船正从九江到武汉正常航行。

　但是由于恶劣的天气，船长知道撞击发生前几秒才意识到危险。 结果根本没有时间避免事故的发生。

幸运的是船员和乘客都没有伤亡,但船的损害相当严重。

船运部门发言人说会成立事故调查小组彻底调查事故原因。

　　

　你诚挚的：李楠

报告范文(三)

To: Director , Center of Equipment Service

From: Director , Exchange Center

Subject: Purchase of a printer

 

Dear Sir,

 

Last week, we wrote you a report applying to buy a new printer. This is to remind you of the urgency of our need.

As we said in our last report, there has been a sudden increase in our correspondences with foreign colleges and universities. Our printer, old and unusable, can not meet the increased demand. Therefore, we were applying for a new one.

 

We hope that you can furnish us with it as soon as possible, so that our work will not be further delayed. Thank you for the trouble.

 

　　                                Yours sincerely,

 

　　                                   Director Li

　　3.4 考研英语应用文之三：英语信函
　　3.4.1英文信函开头与结尾常用语
　　1)开头：Dear Sir, Dear Madam, Dear sir or Madam, Dear President, Dear Sales Manager, Dear Dean, Dear Professor, To whom it may concern, Dear Mr. Smith,
　　2) 结尾：Yours faithfully, Yours truly, Yours, Yours sincerely, Best regards, Best wishes, lovingly yours, sincerely yours
　　3) 正文第一句
　　A、朋友：
　　Hi! How are you?
　　Hello! I hope everything is fine.
　　Hi! How is everything going?
　　B、如不认识：
　　I was a guest at your hotel from June 25 to 28.
　　I am a student at your college, enrolled in the computer course.
　　C、致谢：
　　Thank you for your invitation to the international medical conference on October 11.
　　Thank you for your letter dated October 11.
　　D、解释写信原因：
　　I am writing to advise you for the loss of my credit card.
　　I’d like to inquire about course details.
　　I am writing to complain about/of the poor service at your restaurant.

　　3.4.2 结尾段
　　A、发出请求：
　　I am looking forward to your prompt reply.
　　Please reply to us at your earliest convenience.
　　B、表达歉意：
　　once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. 
　　Please accept my apologies once again.
　　C、提出投诉：
　　I expect to hear from you very soon.
　　Please give this matter your immediate attention.

　　           四、常用英文信函写作技巧及范文

　　4.1 投诉信
　　A、开头：自我介绍，交代投诉内容，表明本信的目的和要求。
　　B、正文：说明情况，讲清利害，分析利弊。 告诉对方你因此受到的伤害或不便，提出解决问题的建议，表明希望如何处理。
　　C、结尾：表达希望问题得到迅速恰当解决的强烈愿望。希望尽快得到满意的答复。
　　D、常用句型：
　　I am writing to you to complain about…
　　I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at…
　　I beg to call your attention to the fact that…
　　I wish to refer you to an incident which occurred…, calling for some remedial action.
　　I very much regret to have to inform you that…
　　I am totally/completely disappointed/upset to find…
　　I find it awful/quite distressing that…
　　My experience in…on…(date) shocked me. I can hardly put up with it.
　　There are some problems with the … that I wish to bring to attention. For one thing, there is…, For another, …..
　　I can hardly stand/bear/tolerate/put up with it any more.
　　To improve the situation/solve the above problem, it is advisable for you to take the following measures:…
　　I look forward to a day when we could really enjoy a more efficient service.
　　I hope that the above situation will be improved as soon as possible.
　　If it is not properly settled, I would ask you to give my money back, or I would complain to the Consumer’s Association.
　　I request you to be kind enough to solve the problem as soon as possible.　

　
　　投诉信要求及范文

Directions: You found something wrong with the telephone bill you have received from the local post office. You made a call to inquire about this; however the person who answered the call was very rude. Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the post office, explaining the situation and giving your suggestions for improvement. Your letter should be no less than 100 words. You do not need to write the address. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Li Ming instead.

 

Dear Sir,

　　I am writing to let you know the deplorable attitude of one of your staff member. I received my telephone bill for the previous month from you and thought there were some errors in calculation: I had been overcharged for two overseas calls.

　　However, when I called your Complaints Department, the girl who answered my phone was very rude. For one thing she interrupted me continually, for another she even said that the fault was my own. Needless to say, such a way of dealing with customers is unacceptable.

　　I would like to suggest that the girl in question should be disciplined, and instructed on the proper way to deal with clients. And I hope she can make formal apology to me.

　　An early response will be appreciated.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　　　Li Ming

 

译文

　　亲爱的先生：

　　我写这封信是为了让你知道你们一个员工的服务态度。我收到你们上个月的话费单后发现有些计算错误，我觉得我被多收了两个国际长途费用。

　　但当我打电话询问客服部门时，接电话的女孩态度非常粗鲁。一方面她总是打断我的话，另一方面她甚至说错误在我。这样对待客户的态度实在让人难以接受。

　　我建议对这个女孩进行惩罚，另外告诉该如何对待客户。我希望她能向我正式道歉。

　　请早日回复。

　　真挚的：李明

 　　　
　　4. 2咨询信、请求信、说明信
　　A、开头：简要告知身份，表明写信原因或请求。
　　B、正文：详细阐明询问、请求的具体内容、希望获得的信息。 说明信应写明原因、实情及希望对方做些什么。强调所需信息/帮助的重要性（按要求）。
　　C、结尾：表达谢意，希望得到对方回复、帮助或合作。
　　D、常用句型：
　　I would like to inquire about some information concerning/regarding…
　　I am writing in the hope that you can…
　　I am writing because I would like to…
　　Needless to say, your approval of my request will be beneficial not only to myself but to the company.
　　Could you tell me what I have to do to…
　　It is sincerely requested that you…
　　My first question is that …
　　Should I need to send further materials, please let me know.
　　If additional information is required, please advise me at your early convenience. Should I send you copies of my qualification in advance?
　　I would be much obliged to you if you could let me know the procedures I have to go through.
　　Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.
　　Please render me some valuable advice which is conducive to my final decision.
　　I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.

　 咨询信要求与范文

Directions: You are going to study at a foreign university. Write a letter inquiring about the specific information as regards accommodation, fees and qualifications there. Your letter should be no less than 100 words. You do not need to write the address. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Li Hua instead.

 

Dear Sir or Madam,

　　I am a Chinese student who wishes to pursue further study at your university. I plan to start my course next semester, and it would be highly appreciated if you would provide me with some essential information.

　　First, how much are the tuition fees? Though I intend to be self-supporting, I would be interested to know if there are any scholarships available for international students. Second, I wonder what qualifications I need to follow a course at your university, now I have got a master degree in a Chinese university, is it enough? Third, as regards to accommodations, if possible, I would like to have a single room, but if single rooms are expensive, I would be willing to share.

　　I am looking forward to your reply, and to attending your esteemed institution.

　　Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

 

　　译文

　　亲爱的先生/女士：

　　我是一个中国学生，我想到贵校继续深造。我打算下学期开始上课，如您能告知我一些基本的信息将感激不尽。

　　首先，学费是多少？尽管我想自费，但如果有为国际留学生提供的奖学金我也非常感兴趣。第二，我想知道到贵校上学需要什么资格，我现在拿到了中国一所大学的硕士学位，这样可以吗？第三，至于住宿条件，如果可能我想要单人房间，但如果单人房间太贵，我也可以合住。

　　我期待着您的回复，更希望早日成为贵校的一员。

　　您诚挚的：李华

　　4.3 道歉信
　　A、开头：简单交代对何事进行道歉。
　　B、正文：解释事情发生的原因，消除误会或矛盾。
　　C、结尾：再次表示遗憾何歉意，提出建议或安排。
　　D、常用句型：
　　I must apologize to you for…
　　I am very sorry that..
　　I regret to inform you that I will not be able to…
　　I am afraid what I have done has caused many inconveniences to you.
　　I sincerely hope you understand that I offended you quite unintentionally.
　　I believe you can understand that I have not intended to hurt you.
　　I owe you an apology.
　　It is my fault.
　　I am to blame for this unpleasant thing.
　　Please pardon/excuse/forgive me.
　　I sincerely hope that you will kindly accept my apologies.
　　I will try my utmost not to make such a stupid mistake again.
　　I trust the settlement of the matter will meet your wishes.
　　I hope you will kindly forgive my lapse of attention.
　　I am so sorry to have put you to/into so much trouble. 

　道歉信要求及范文

 

Directions: one of your pen friends, John, will be visiting your city. However, for some reasons, you can not meet him at the airport on time. Write a letter asking to wait for you at the airport and tell him how to recognize you. Your letter should be no less than 100 words. You don’t need to write the address. Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Alice instead.

 

Dear John,

 

I am eagerly looking forward to your visit to our city. After all these years of writing to each other, I can not wait to see you. However, I regret to inform you that I will not be able to meet you at the airport on time.

The reason is that your flight will arrive early in the morning, and the earliest I can reach the airport will be about an hour after you land. Will you please wait for me in the arrival lounge? You can have breakfast while you wait.

By the way, as we have never met I must tell you how to identify me: I am of 165cm tall and have a long hair. In addition, I will wear a white skirt and carry a China Daily at hand.

Hope we can meet soon.

　                                        　Sincerely yours,

 

　　                                             Alice

 

译文

 

亲爱的约翰：

我非常期待着你来参观我们的城市。这么多年来我们一直通信，我早就想见到你了。但是很抱歉我不能按时到机场接你。

因为你的飞机是一大早就到达机场，而我最早也要1小时后才能到。你能不能在旅客休息室等我，你可以利用这段时间吃早饭。

随便说一句，因为我们没过面，我得告诉你怎么找我：我大概1.65米，长发。另外我会穿一件白色的裙子，手上拿一份中国日报。

希望早点见到你。

 

　　                         你真挚的：艾丽丝

 

4.4感谢信

　　A、开头：表达谢意，提及受到的帮助。
　　B、正文：回忆该帮助，高度评价/赞扬对方，表达当时感受。
　　C、结尾：再次表达谢意，提出回报希望。
　　D、常用句型：
　　I am grateful/thankful to you for…
　　I am much obliged to you for your help.
　　I shall always appreciate the assistance you have given me.
　　I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.
　　It was most thoughtful and generous of you to send me such a beautiful and fancy gift.
　　Thoughtful considerate considerable
　　It’s very kind of you to help us.
　　I hope you can know how much I appreciate your hospitality and your many kindnesses to me.
　　But for your help, I would not..
　　If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that..
　　Thanks from the bottom of my heart for…
　　With thanks from every one of us and best wishes to you.
　　Again, I would like to express our warm thanks to you.
　　I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.

　　感谢信要求及范文

Directions: While your family was on vacation, your friend, Cathy looked after your dog, smart. Now you came back, write a letter to her to show your gratitude. Your letter should be no less than 100 words. You don’t need to write the address. Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Emily instead.

 

Dear Cathy,

I am writing to express our heartfelt thanks for taking good care of smart while we were on holiday. He was such a happy dog when we got home; we knew he must have had lots of loving attention. When we used to pick up from the kennel he would whimper and carry on for hours.

You not only saved us some money, you also spared us the worry of how he was doing while we were away. Your kind help is very much appreciated, not only by smart, but also by our whole family as well.

　                                     　Yours truly,

 

　　                                        Emily

 

译文

 

我写信是要谢谢在我们度假期间你帮助我们照顾小狗。我回来时看见它是那么高兴，就知道你对它一定很好。以前每次度假回来，去寄存中心接它时它总是非常难过，要持续几个小时。

 

你不但帮我们省了钱，也使我们免于对于它的担心。对于你的帮助我们都非常感谢。

　　                                 你真诚的：

艾米丽

　　4.5邀请信

　　A、开头：开门见山，说明目的。
　　B、正文：邀请内容（活动性质，地点，时间，日期），有关要求与希望。
　　C、结尾：重申对方参加的重要性，希望尽快回复。
　　D、常用句型：
　　I should be much pleased if you would come to our party on Friday the 15th at 6.
　　I am pleased to invite you to participate in …to be held from…to…. in..
　　I feel it a great honor if you could..
　　It is my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you to…
　　We would be greatly honored if you could come…
　　I am writing to invite you to…
　　I am particularly anxious to have you join us.
　　It’s a long time since I have had the pleasure of seeing you and I do hope you can come.
　　We hope that you can come and look forward to seeing you.
　　I will cover all the expenses involved.

　　　邀请信写作要求及范文

Directions: You want to invite Mr. Williams to give a lecture on “American literature” in your college. Supposed you are the assistant of the English department, write a letter and say:

1) the purpose of the invitation.

2) the time of the lecture.

 

Your letter should be no less than 100 words. You don’t need to write the address. Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Linda instead.

 

Dear Mr. Williams,

I am writing on behalf of the English Department to invite you to give a lecture in our college. We know that you are an expert on American literature. As English majors, our students would like to know something about American literature. We would be very grateful if you could give a talk on “Contemporary American Literature” to students of the English Department on Saturday, June 4. If this subject does not suit you, any other similar topic would be welcome as well.

We have already had several very interesting talks from some distinguished visitors from various countries and we look forward early to the opportunity to benefit from your experience and wisdom.

 

　                                 　Yours truly,

 

　                                     　Linda

 

译文

 

威廉姆先生：

 

我代表校英语系邀请您来做一次演讲。我们知道您是美国文学方面的专家。作为英语专业的学生，我们想了解一些美国文学的知识。如果你能在6月4日能在英语系做一场”当代美国文学”的演讲，我们将不胜感激。如果您觉得这个题目不合适，任何相似的题目都会很受欢迎。

来自不同国家的著名学者已经在我系做过演讲，我们真诚的期待能够有机会分享您的经验与智慧。

 

　　                               你真挚的：琳达

　　4.6 求职信

　　A、开头：说明信息来源，表明写信目的。
　　B、正文：提供个人资料，询问相关问题。
　　C、结尾：表达愿望，提供联系方式，表示感谢。
　　D、常用句型：
　　I have read your advertisement in…for a (position/post), and should be grateful if you could consider me favorably as an applicant for the position.
　　I wish to apply for the post mentioned in your advertisement in yesterday’s newspaper.
　　I wish to apply for a position with your company.
　　I myself like the job very much and I think my personality is well suited to working as a …
　　Honest, trust-worthy, reliable, enthusiastic, diligent, bright, smart, careful, patient, responsible, efficient, productive, versatile, open-minded, optimistic.
　　I am confident that my experience and ability will show you that I can fulfill the particular requirement of your position.
　　Born in…in.., I graduated from….University majoring in ….. I have been working in…since my graduation, and I have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.
　　Upon graduation, I first worked as … The following job was …. And currently I am working for…
　　I intend to give up my present post in order to get a more challenging opportunity.
　　With the kind of experience I have accumulated, I would expect a salary of not less than 4,000.
　　I shall be very much obliged if you will offer me an opportunity for an interview.
　　I am looking forward with great interest to hearing from you soon regarding my application.
　　　求职信范文

Job Application

 

　　                                      May 22nd

 

Dear Mr. Cavendish,

I saw your advertisement in the local paper this evening，and I wonder if you would consider me for a job as a waiter this summer.

I am seventeen years old and at present I am studying English and economics. When I leave school, I hope to take a course in hotel management. During the school holidays last summer, I worked as a waiter at the Central Hotel. The headwaiter there, Mr. Macintosh, will be pleased to send you a recommendation for me.

I would prefer to work in your hotel in Filey because it is near my home. However, if there isn’t any job there for me, perhaps you could consider me for the Scarborough Hotel.

I would be pleased if you will send me information about the pay and conditions of the job to be offered. I will be free to begin work in the fourth week of July when the school holidays start.

 

　                                     　Yours sincerely,

 

　　                                        Peter Tuck

 

　                                       　(168 words)

 

行文点评

 

这是一封典型的求职信。第一段开门见山，表明写信的目的是求职。同时，也注明了消息来源和应聘职位。第二段开始介绍求职者的情况，(注意：所写的情况最好能体现出你十分适合所应聘的职位)。信中第三段特别陈述了一个不情之请并说明原因。最后一段表明自己希望得到回复，并说明自己可以开始工作的具体时间。

这封信符合求职信的结构要求，语言简洁，语气礼貌大方。

 

译文

 

　　                 求职信

 

亲爱的卡文迪斯先生：

我在今晚的地方报纸上看到了你们的广告，我想在这个夏天做一份服务生的工作，敬请考虑。

我十七 岁，现在正在学习英文和经济学。毕业后，我希望能够学习酒店管理课程。去年暑假时，我在中央酒店作服务生。那儿的领班麦金托什先生会很乐意向您寄交一封关于我的推荐信。

我比较喜欢在您的费雷酒店工作，因为那儿离我家不远。但如果那儿没有我的工作机会，也许您可以考虑让我去斯卡伯勒酒店。

如果您能寄给我有关这份工作的薪水和工作环境的一些信息，我会非常高兴。我可以从七月的第四个星期开始工作，那时学校开始放假了。　

 

彼得·塔克

 

　　                                              5月22日

　　4.7推荐信

A、开头：开门见山，表明关系。
　　B、正文：称赞被推荐人，客观介绍其相关能力。
　　C、结尾：作出保证，提出希望，表示感谢。
　　D、常用句型：
　　I am very glad to recommend you a former student of mine, Mr./Miss… to be a candidate for…
　　I am writing to recommend…
　　I have great pleasure to provide a letter for recommendation for Mr./Miss…
　　With reference to your advertised position, I have the pleasure to say that he is the just person you are looking for.
　　He has proved to be industrious, responsible and skillful in carrying out his assignment.
　　Besides being thoroughly honest and reliable he showed an unusual quickness and ability in…
　　I hope the above information will help you to know…
　　If you need any further information about his qualification, please do not hesitate to contact me.
　　If further information about him/her is required, please do not hesitate to let me know/contact me
　　In view of his/her previous achievements in…, I am firmly convinced that Mr./Miss.., will make a successful graduate student/staff member.
　　I would be most grateful if you would consider my recommendation and kindly offer him a…

　　　推荐信要求及范文

Directions: one of your friends Mary Brown is going to enter Mr. Johnson’s school after her graduation. Write a letter to Mr. Johnson to introduce her. Your letter should be no less than 100 words. You do not need to write the address. Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Emma instead.

 

Dear Mr. Johnson,

I take great pleasure in introducing Mary Brown one of my classmates and best friends to you. She is going to pursue her education as a postgraduate in your university after her graduation here. She and I had lived and studied together for four years. No friend deserves so much love and respect as she does. Now that we have finished our study here we had to part with each other.

Will you please give her some guidance in regard to the entrance examination? Any information you can provide, as well as your introduction for him to meet the future tutor shall be appreciated very much.

　　                          Yours truly,

　　                            Emma

译文

亲爱的约翰逊先生：

很高兴地向您介绍我的同学也是我的好朋友，玛丽。她毕业后想继续到你们学校读研究生。我们在一起生活和学习了四年。没有一个比她更好的朋友，可是马上要毕业了，我们也不得不面对分离。

你可以给她提供一些有关入学考试的信息吗？你如果能给她提供一些信息，能帮她安排和导师见面的话，我将非常感谢。

　　                                       您真挚的：

　　                                          艾玛

　　4.8表扬信

A、开头：身份简介，提及感谢的人事。
　　B、正文：叙述经过，详细介绍值得表扬之处，表达感受。
　　C、结尾：提出祝愿与希望。
　　D、常用句型：
　　I am writing to tell you how highly I think of…
　　I am writing because I appreciate very much what Mr./Miss…from your company has done.
　　I am greatly impressed by…
　　What he has done shows that…
　　He deserves praise for what he has done.
　　I am greatly inspired by…
　　It is your good service as well as excellent food that help you set up a world reputation.
　　For this reason, I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks and hope that your company will have a brighter future.
　　
　　4.9 祝贺信

　　A、开头：开门见山，说明消息来源。
　　B、正文：回忆过去，表明感受，展望未来，提出建议。
　　C、结尾：表达祝愿。
　　D、常用句型：
　　What exciting/thrilling news!
　　It’s good/sensational news.
　　I was delighted/thrilled to hear/to receive the news that …
　　It’s the most joyful news I have heard for a long time.
　　I congratulate you on/upon your success.
　　Congratulations and all good/best wishes.
　　Please accept my heartiest congratulations on…
　　Permit me to congratulate you…
　　We want you to know how happy we were when…
　　It gave me a great deal of pleasure to learn…
　　Wish you all the happiness in the world.
　　I hope you will have nothing but joy and happiness in your life/career.
　　All the luck in the world to you!
　　Best of luck to you!

（例子见前）
　　　10. 寻找失物信

　　寻找失物信的目的是要收信人帮助寻找失物并将其返还失主。

　　写作策略：

　　首段：表明与收信人的相关性，说明写作意图。因为你要麻烦收信人，一般还可以在首段表示必要的歉意。

　　主体段落：说明失物的具体内容以及失物的重要性。

　　结尾段：说明如找到失物如何将其返还失主，并对收信人表达谢忱。

　　一般来说，这种信中的写信人与收信人是相互认识的，注意称呼语的使用。

　　寻找失物信开头常用句式和套话

　　I am sorry to disturb you, but I have to...

　　I am writing this letter to report the loss of my... when I...

　　I am writing this letter to request your assistance in finding my... which I have lost during the stay with your hotel.

　　I hope it will not be too much trouble for you to help me finding my suitcase which I have lost due to carelessness.

　　I am writing this letter to see if it is possible for me to have my camera back.

　　寻找失物信结尾常用句式和套话

　　I would really appreciate it if you could...

　　I would be grateful if you could...

　　I also suggest that the lost bag be sent to... if possible.

　　Thank you for your help.

I am looking forward to your reply.

寻找失物信要求及范文

　　You have just spent a weekend staying at the Lilo Hotel in Adelaide . When you get home you find that you have left a bag at the hotel. Write to the manager of the hotel:

　　1) giving any relevant information about the bag and its contents

　　2) asking the manager to contact you immediately if the bag is found and

　　3) telling him/her how the bag can be sent to you.

You should write with no less than 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

 

Dear Mr. Simpson,

　　I stayed in your hotel on 23rd and 24th of October, in Room 603. When I arrived home, I discovered that I had left one of my bags at the hotel. Could you please check to see if my bag has been found?

　　The bag is a small black leather case. Inside the bag, you will find several business cards, a small address book, and three copies of a business proposal. These things are not very valuable in monetary terms, but they have a lot of personal value.

　　I would appreciate it if you could contact me as soon as possible, particularly since I need the proposal for a presentation. If you could send the bag to me by courier service, I would be most grateful. I will arrange to pay for the service.

　　Thank you for your help.

　　                               Yours sincerely,

　　                                   Li Ming

 

　　11. 建议信

　　建议信开头段常用句式和套话

　　I am writing in reply to…

　　I would like to suggest that…

　　I am writing with my suggestion proposal about…

　　I am writing to express my views concerning…

　　You have asked me for my advice with regard to…and I will try to make some conducive suggestions.

　　表达建议常用句式和套话

　　I feel that it would be beneficial if…

　　I would like to suggest that…

　　I would recommend that…

　　If I were you, I would…

　　You may consider doing…

　　It would seem to me that you could…

　　As you may agree that…

　　建议信结尾常用句式和套话

　I hope you will find these suggestions/proposals/recommendations helpful/practical/ useful.

　　I trust you will take my suggestion into account.

 

　　I would be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.

　　I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details.

　　建议信写作要求及范文

　　You have a friend who is about to enter university, and he wants you to advise him on which subject to specialize in--history, in which he is very interested, or computer science, which offers better job prospects. Write a letter:

　　1) explaining what he could do,

　　2) why he could do this, and

　　3) wishing him luck with his studies.

   You should write with no less than 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address.

 

Dear John,

　　You asked for advice concerning whether you should study history or computer science at university. I will try making some suggestions.

　　University is preparation for your career. You should consider studying a subject which will best equip you to earn a living. Computer science offers more job opportunities than history. We are now in a high-tech age. For the foreseeable future, it would be necessary for everyone to be equipped with computer skills merely to earn a living!

　　Of course, you don't have to devote all your time at university to studying computers and nothing else. I would recommend that you continue reading of history in your spare time. That way, you will find that your leisure hours are enriched while you prepare yourself for a worthwhile career in computer science.

　　Whatever you decide to do, good luck with you studies!

 

　　                                          Yours sincerely,

 

　                                               　Li Ming

 

　  12. 倡导信

　　目的和写法

　　倡导信一般是为了解决某个普遍关注的问题而以某职能部门、权威人士或广大群众为对象的信函。通常有标题。其内容与问题解决型考研英语作文题较为相似。

　　A Letter to Citizens of Beijing as to Improving Involvement in Preparation for the 2008 Olympic Games.

Dear Countrymen

　　I am writing the letter to call on all people in Beijing to perk up and do more work for the coming 2008 Olympic Games. As a common citizen here in the capital of our great motherland, I jumped over joy when news came saying we won the competition for hosting the great games, the first in our history.

　　But after a month-long excitement, I started to think about the question: What can I do for the huge project? I had been left with helplessness for all the past months, like many people did. But now I came up with some ideas that might attract you and equip us all with sufficient confidence.

　　Maybe I would be too old to be a volunteer in 2008, but I will start studying English, and two of three of other foreign languages if possible, to be able to communicate with friends from all corners of the world. We could have been making Beijing an international city in the proper sense of the word. Apart from that I will try to understand modern concepts about making a city, and a country, more beautiful, for example, environmental protection, community construction, city planning, and above all, the quality of being a citizen in the modern metropolis, and make positive efforts to put them into practice.

　　Actually, we will not be making preparation for preparation’s sake. After 2008, I have all the reasons to be optimistic that Beijing , and our country, will be taking a strong position in the powers of the world.

　　Please join me in the action and extend our excitement into a spirit that dares any possible difficulties! Thank you!

　　Best wishes to Beijing and our country,

　　                                             Zhong Guan

　　                                       (A common citizen of Beijing )