C++ Primer 课后习题 3.6

// ex_43.cc
#include <iostream>

int main() {
	int ia[3][4] = {32, 44, 83, 64,
			78, 21, 49, 55,
			64, 40, 82, 27};
	
	std::cout << "Use range for: " << std::endl;
	// use range for 
	for (int (&p)[4] : ia) {
		for (int q : p) {
			std::cout << q << '\t';
		}
		std::cout << std::endl;
	}

	// use ordinary for and subscripts:
	std::cout << "\nUse ordinary for and subscripts: " << std::endl;
	for (size_t i = 0; i != 3; ++i) {
		for (size_t j = 0; j != 4; ++j) {
			std::cout << ia[i][j] << '\t';
		}
		std::cout << std::endl;
	}

	// use ordinary for and pointers:
	std::cout << "\nUse ordinary for and pointers: " << std::endl;
	for (int (*p)[4] = ia; p != ia + 3; ++p) {
		for (int *q = *p; q != *p + 4; ++q) {
			std::cout << *q << '\t';
		}
		std::cout << std::endl;
	}

	return 0;
}

$ ./ex_43.out 
Use range for: 
32	44	83	64	
78	21	49	55	
64	40	82	27	

Use ordinary for and subscripts: 
32	44	83	64	
78	21	49	55	
64	40	82	27	

Use ordinary for and pointers: 
32	44	83	64	
78	21	49	55	
64	40	82	27	

练习 3.44: 改写上一个练习中的程序，使用类型别名来代替循环控制变量的类型。

// ex_44.cc
#include <iostream>

int main() {
	int ia[3][4] = {32, 44, 83, 64,
			78, 21, 49, 55,
			64, 40, 82, 27};
	typedef int (&ref_iarr)[4];
	using int_arr = int[4];
	using idx = size_t;

	// use range for: 
	std::cout << "range for: " << std::endl;
	for (ref_iarr row : ia) {
		for (int col : row) {
			std::cout << col << '\t';
		}
		std::cout << std::endl;
	}

	// use ordinary for and subscripts:
	std::cout << "\nordinary for and subscripts: " << std::endl;
	for (idx i = 0; i != 3; ++i) {
		for (idx j = 0; j != 4; ++j) {
			std::cout << ia[i][j] << '\t';
		}
		std::cout << std::endl;
	}
	
	// use ordinary for and pointers:
	std::cout << "\nordinary for and pointers: " << std::endl;
	for (int_arr *row = std::begin(ia); row != std::end(ia); ++row) {
		for (int *col = std::begin(*row); col != std::end(*row); ++col) {
			std::cout << *col << '\t';
		}	
		std::cout << std::endl;
	}	
	
	
	return 0;
}

$ ./ex_44.out 
range for: 
32	44	83	64	
78	21	49	55	
64	40	82	27	

ordinary for and subscripts: 
32	44	83	64	
78	21	49	55	
64	40	82	27	

ordinary for and pointers: 
32	44	83	64	
78	21	49	55	
64	40	82	27	

练习 3.45: 再一次改写程序，这次使用 auto 关键字。

// ex_45.cc
#include <iostream>

int main() {

	int ia[3][4] = {32, 44, 83, 64,
			78, 21, 49, 55,
			64, 40, 82, 27};
	
	std::cout << "range for: " << std::endl;
	for (auto &row : ia) {
		for (auto col : row) {
			std::cout << col << '\t';
		}
		std::cout << std::endl;
	}
	
//	std::cout << "\nordinary for and subscripts: " << std::endl;
	

	std::cout << "\nordinary for and pointers: " << std::endl;
	for (auto row = std::begin(ia); row != std::end(ia); ++row) {
		for (auto col = std::begin(*row); col != std::end(*row); ++col) {
			std::cout << *col << '\t';
		}
		std::cout << std::endl;
	}
	
	return 0;
}

$ ./ex_45.out 
range for: 
32	44	83	64	
78	21	49	55	
64	40	82	27	

ordinary for and pointers: 
32	44	83	64	
78	21	49	55	
64	40	82	27