linux git & github

简单记录下git和github同步信息问题，以便往后忘记了可以有据可循。

1. install git

alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ sudo apt-get install git
[sudo] password for alex:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
git is already the newest version.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libabw-0.1-1 libboost-date-time1.58.0 libboost-iostreams1.58.0
  libboost-system1.58.0 libcdr-0.1-1v5 libcmis-0.5-5v5 libe-book-0.1-1 libeot0
  libetonyek-0.1-1 libfreehand-0.1-1 libmwaw-0.3-3 libodfgen-0.1-1
  liborcus-0.10-0v5 libpagemaker-0.0-0 libwps-0.4-4
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1162 not upgraded.
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$

2. 创建版本库

创建完后在目录下会多出.git文件夹，默认隐藏要用ls -ah显示

alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ pwd
/home/alex/Share/TestGit
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/alex/Share/TestGit/.git/
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ ls
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ ls -ah
.  ..  .git
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$

3. 添加文件

两个步骤：add,commit

alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ vim test.c
vim: /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/liblua5.2.so.0: no version information available (required by vim)
lalex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ ls
test.c
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git add test.c
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git commit -m "add test.c"
[master (root-commit) 5644351] add test.c
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test.c
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$

4. 修改文件后查看变化

alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ vim test.c
vim: /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/liblua5.2.so.0: no version information available (required by vim)
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git diff test.c
diff --git a/test.c b/test.c
index 9d72cda..4c5d1b9 100644
--- a/test.c
+++ b/test.c
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@

 hello stoney!
 hello alex!
+
+
+hello my world!
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$

alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git status
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
  (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
  (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)

        modified:   test.c

no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$

5. 删除文件

alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git add rmtest.c
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git commit -m "add rmtest.c"
[master 056d135] add rmtest.c
 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 rmtest.c
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git status
On branch master
nothing to commit, working directory clean
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ rm rmtest.c
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git status
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
  (use "git add/rm <file>..." to update what will be committed)
  (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)

        deleted:    rmtest.c

no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git rm rmtest.c
rm 'rmtest.c'
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git commit -m "remove rmtest.c"
[master f01db4d] remove rmtest.c
 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 rmtest.c
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git status
On branch master
nothing to commit, working directory clean
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$

6. 添加sshkey

一路回车，填写信息

alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "wenzq1@gmail.com"
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/alex/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/alex/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/alex/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/alex/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:1GqwZIPVVf6SqzLyjU/xkMkmcVmIPXOjchCixdHlObo wenzq1@gmail.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|     .=+.*ooo    |
|     =..=o==o    |
|    o = o.B=..   |
|     o =.*o+ o   |
|      . SoB o .  |
|       . + + o   |
|        E . o    |
|      . o+ .     |
|       oo++      |
+----[SHA256]-----+
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$

7. github网站上添加sshkey，将.ssh/id_rsa.pub拷贝到下图中

8. github上创建respository

9. 添加到远程库 ：可以参考github respository的提示操作

alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git remote add origin git@github.com:Alex3                                                                                                                                                             Wen/testgit.git
fatal: remote origin already exists.
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git push -u origin master
The authenticity of host 'github.com (192.30.253.113)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:nThbg6kXUpJWGl7E1IGOCspRomTxdCARLviKw6E5SY8.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y
Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,192.30.253.113' (RSA) to the list of know                                                                                                                                                             n hosts.
Counting objects: 10, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
Writing objects: 100% (10/10), 795 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 10 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: Resolving deltas: 100% (1/1), done.
To git@github.com:Alex3Wen/testgit.git
 * [new branch]      master -> master
Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$

10. 经过第一次操作后，以后可以通过下面方法将本地同步到github

alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ touch test.h
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git add test.h
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git commit -m "add test.h"
[master 5888939] add test.h
 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test.h
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git status
On branch master
Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 1 commit.
  (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
nothing to commit, working directory clean
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$ git push origin master
Counting objects: 3, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 263 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@github.com:Alex3Wen/testgit.git
   f01db4d..5888939  master -> master
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/TestGit$

11. 将github导入到本地文件夹

alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/myGitTest/clonegit$ git clone git@github.com:Alex3W                                                                                                                                                             en/testgit.git
Cloning into 'testgit'...
Warning: Permanently added the RSA host key for IP address '192.30.253.112' to t                                                                                                                                                             he list of known hosts.
remote: Counting objects: 12, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (6/6), done.
remote: Total 12 (delta 1), reused 12 (delta 1), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (12/12), done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (1/1), done.
Checking connectivity... done.
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/myGitTest/clonegit$ ls
testgit
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/myGitTest/clonegit$ cd testgit/.git/
branches/ hooks/    info/     logs/     objects/  refs/
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/myGitTest/clonegit$ cd testgit/.git/
branches/ hooks/    info/     logs/     objects/  refs/
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/myGitTest/clonegit$ cd testgit
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/myGitTest/clonegit/testgit$ ls
test.c  test.h
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/myGitTest/clonegit/testgit$ cd ..
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/myGitTest/clonegit$ ls
testgit
alex@alex-VirtualBox:~/Share/myGitTest/clonegit$

12. 详细的操作可以参考廖雪峰老师的博客，里面讲解的特别详细

http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/0013739516305929606dd18361248578c67b8067c8c017b000/0013743862006503a1c5bf5a783434581661a3cc2084efa000