uboot分析之make分析

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-16 17:11:53 发布

wenxiHuang

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-16 17:11:53 发布

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分类专栏： uboot 文章标签： arm u-boot

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wenxiHuang/article/details/60335459

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输入make，因为没有指定目标，所以会去寻找第一个目标。

include $(OBJTREE)/include/config.mk
#ARCH = arm
#CPU = arm920t
#BOARD = 100ask24x0
#SOC = s3c24x0
export  ARCH CPU BOARD VENDOR SOC

ifeq ($(ARCH),arm)
CROSS_COMPILE = arm-linux-
endif
# load other configuration
include $(TOPDIR)/config.mk
OBJS  = cpu/arm920t/start.o

LIBS  = lib_generic/libgeneric.a
LIBS += board/100asl24x0/lib100ask24x0.a
LIBS += cpu/arm920t/libarm920t.a
ifdef SOC
LIBS += cpu/arm920t/s3c24x0/libs3c24x0.a
endif
LIBS += lib_arm/libarm.a
LIBS += fs/cramfs/libcramfs.a fs/fat/libfat.a fs/fdos/libfdos.a fs/jffs2/libjffs2.a \
    fs/reiserfs/libreiserfs.a fs/ext2/libext2fs.a
LIBS += net/libnet.a
LIBS += disk/libdisk.a
LIBS += rtc/librtc.a
LIBS += dtt/libdtt.a
LIBS += drivers/libdrivers.a
LIBS += drivers/nand/libnand.a
LIBS += drivers/nand_legacy/libnand_legacy.a
LIBS += drivers/usb/libusb.a
LIBS += drivers/sk98lin/libsk98lin.a
LIBS += common/libcommon.a
LIBS += 100ask24x0
ALL = $(obj)u-boot.srec $(obj)u-boot.bin $(obj)System.map $(U_BOOT_NAND)

all:        $(ALL) 
# all 依赖于ALL，一共有几个目标

$(obj)u-boot.srec:	$(obj)u-boot
        $(OBJCOPY) ${OBJCFLAGS} -O srec $< $@
$(obj)u-boot.bin:	$(obj)u-boot
        $(OBJCOPY) ${OBJCFLAGS} -O binary $< $@
$(obj)System.map:	$(obj)u-boot
        @$(NM) $< | \
        grep -v '\(compiled\)\|\(\.o$$\)\|\( [aUw] \)\|\(\.\.ng$$\)\|\(LASH[RL]DI\)' | \
        sort > $(obj)System.map
$(U_BOOT_NAND):	$(NAND_SPL) $(obj)u-boot.bin
        cat $(obj)nand_spl/u-boot-spl-16k.bin $(obj)u-boot.bin > $(obj)u-boot-nand.bin
# 目的是生成u-boot.bin

$(obj)u-boot.bin: $(obj)u-boot 
#bin格式的u-boot.bin又依赖于elf格式的u-boot

$(obj)u-boot:		depend version $(SUBDIRS) $(OBJS) $(LIBS) $(LDSCRIPT)
        UNDEF_SYM=`$(OBJDUMP) -x $(LIBS) |sed  -n -e 's/.*\(__u_boot_cmd_.*\)/-u\1/p'|sort|uniq`;\
        cd $(LNDIR) && $(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $$UNDEF_SYM $(__OBJS) \
            --start-group $(__LIBS) --end-group $(PLATFORM_LIBS) \
            -Map u-boot.map -o u-boot
#分析 LNDIR和LDFLAGS 
#config.mk:189:LDFLAGS += -Bstatic -T $(LDSCRIPT) -Ttext $(TEXT_BASE) $(PLATFORM_LDFLAGS)
#LNDIR      := $(OBJTREE)

那么TEXT_BASE在哪里定义和如何被顶层的config.mk引入的？

grep "0x33f90000" * -nR #此处区分大小写

#结果如下：
board/mpl/vcma9/config.mk:24:TEXT_BASE = 0x33F80000
board/smdk2410/config.mk:25:TEXT_BASE = 0x33F80000
board/sbc2410x/config.mk:23:TEXT_BASE = 0x33F80000
board/100ask24x0/config.mk:25:TEXT_BASE = 0x33F80000
u-boot.srec:2:S31533F80000170000EA14F09FE514F09FE514F09FE526
u-boot.srec:12195:S31533FAF9F0E4F9FA33F8000000626F6F746172677371
u-boot.srec:12400:S70533F80000CF

#board/100ask24x0/config.mk:25:TEXT_BASE = 0x33F80000 正是我们要找的文件。

#查看顶层的config.mk文件找到如下的语句
ifdef   ARCH
sinclude $(TOPDIR)/$(ARCH)_config.mk  # include architecture dependend rules
endif
ifdef   CPU
sinclude $(TOPDIR)/cpu/$(CPU)/config.mk   # include  CPU  specific rules
endif
ifdef   SOC
sinclude $(TOPDIR)/cpu/$(CPU)/$(SOC)/config.mk   # include  SoC  specific rules
endif
ifdef   VENDOR
BOARDDIR = $(VENDOR)/$(BOARD)
else
BOARDDIR = $(BOARD)
endif
ifdef   BOARD
sinclude $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/config.mk  # include board specific rules #引入单板文件下的config.mk
endif

不想那么麻烦的分析makefile，可以输入make命令后查看最后面的打印信息

UNDEF_SYM=`arm-linux-objdump -x lib_generic/libgeneric.a board/100ask24x0/lib100ask24x0.a cpu/arm920t/libarm920t.a cpu/arm920t/s3c24x0/libs3c24x0.a lib_arm/libarm.a fs/cramfs/libcramfs.a fs/fat/libfat.a fs/fdos/libfdos.a fs/jffs2/libjffs2.a fs/reiserfs/libreiserfs.a fs/ext2/libext2fs.a net/libnet.a disk/libdisk.a rtc/librtc.a dtt/libdtt.a drivers/libdrivers.a drivers/nand/libnand.a drivers/nand_legacy/libnand_legacy.a drivers/usb/libusb.a drivers/sk98lin/libsk98lin.a common/libcommon.a |sed  -n -e 's/.*\(__u_boot_cmd_.*\)/-u\1/p'|sort|uniq`;\
        cd /work/system/u-boot-1.1.6 && arm-linux-ld -Bstatic -T /work/system/u-boot-1.1.6/board/100ask24x0/u-boot.lds -Ttext 0x33F80000  $UNDEF_SYM cpu/arm920t/start.o \
            --start-group lib_generic/libgeneric.a board/100ask24x0/lib100ask24x0.a cpu/arm920t/libarm920t.a cpu/arm920t/s3c24x0/libs3c24x0.a lib_arm/libarm.a fs/cramfs/libcramfs.a fs/fat/libfat.a fs/fdos/libfdos.a fs/jffs2/libjffs2.a fs/reiserfs/libreiserfs.a fs/ext2/libext2fs.a net/libnet.a disk/libdisk.a rtc/librtc.a dtt/libdtt.a drivers/libdrivers.a drivers/nand/libnand.a drivers/nand_legacy/libnand_legacy.a drivers/usb/libusb.a drivers/sk98lin/libsk98lin.a common/libcommon.a --end-group -L /work/tools/gcc-3.4.5-glibc-2.3.6/lib/gcc/arm-linux/3.4.5 -lgcc \
            -Map u-boot.map -o u-boot
arm-linux-objcopy --gap-fill=0xff -O srec u-boot u-boot.srec
arm-linux-objcopy --gap-fill=0xff -O binary u-boot u-boot.bin

通过查看打印信息，可以看到这样一句话。
arm-linux-ld -Bstatic -T /work/sysytem/u-boot-1.1.6/board/100ask24x0/u-boot.lds -Ttext 0x33f80000 $UNDEF_SYM cpu/arm920t/start.o
链接的时候依赖两个东西，原材料和链接脚本。原材料是cpu/arm920t/start.s和各个库文件链接脚本指示映像文件的组织结构。

分析u-boot.lds文件（.=0x00000000 0x00000000要加上0x33f80000=代码段在运行时地址）最开始运行的文件是cpu/arm920t/start.o文件

代码段链接地址（运行地址）由连接文件board/100ask24x0/u-boot.lds和board/100ask24x0/config.mk中TEXT_BASE共同指定,TEXT_BASE在顶层目录的config.mk LDFLAGS中被引用。

TEXT_BASE代表的是代码存放的首地址，在.bin文件中各个段的存放地址是在TEXT_BAST的基础之上进行偏移。