ICMP协议

ICMP是消息控制协议,也处于网络层.在网络上传递IP数据包时,如果发生了错误,那么就会用ICMP协议来报告错误.

ICMP包的结构如下:

0              8               16                              32
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|       类型    |       代码    |       校验和                  |
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|               数据            |       数据                    |
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ICMP在中的定义是 
struct icmphdr
{
  u_int8_t type;                /* message type */
  u_int8_t code;                /* type sub-code */
  u_int16_t checksum;
  union
  {
    struct
    {
      u_int16_t id;
      u_int16_t sequence;
    } echo;                     /* echo datagram */
    u_int32_t   gateway;        /* gateway address */
    struct
    {
      u_int16_t __unused;
      u_int16_t mtu;
    } frag;                     /* path mtu discovery */
  } un;
};