使用SpringMVC框架生成XLS和PDF格式的WEB应用视图

在WEB应用开发中,有可能要求动态生成非HTML格式（比如XLS或PDF）的视图以显示或保存查询得到的结果。使用强大的SpringMVC框架，可以非常方便地实现这个功能。下面是动态生成XLS和PDF格式的“九九乘法表”的例子。该例子使用到Spring框架，生成XLS的POI组件，生成PDF的iText组件：

Spring	http://www.springframework.org
POI	http://jakarta.apache.org/poi
iText	http://www.lowagie.com/iText

 首先，我们编写产生“九九乘法表”的业务对象

package  service;

import  java.util.ArrayList;
import  java.util.HashMap;
import  java.util.List;
import  java.util.Map;

/** */ /**
 * @author jaqcy.Ya
 *
 */
public   class  MapService
... {
    public static Map createMap(int num)
    ...{
        List sheetList=new ArrayList();
        for(int i=1;i<=num;i++)
        ...{
            List rowList=new ArrayList();
            for(int j=1;j<=i;j++)
            ...{
                rowList.add(new String(i+"*"+j+"="+i*j));
            }
            sheetList.add(rowList);
        }
        Map map=new HashMap();
        map.put("sheet",sheetList);
        return map;
    }
}

接着编写产生XLS格式视图的对象，该类继承SpringFrameWork的AbstractExcelView，并实现其抽象方法buildExcelDocument(Map,HSSFWorkbook,HttpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse)s

package  view;

import  java.util.Iterator;
import  java.util.List;
import  java.util.Map;

import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import  org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import  org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import  org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import  org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import  org.springframework.web.servlet.view.document.AbstractExcelView;

/** */ /**
 * @author jaqcy.Ya
 *
 */
public   class  ExcelView  extends  AbstractExcelView
... {

    @Override
    protected void buildExcelDocument(Map map, HSSFWorkbook workbook, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception
    ...{
        HSSFSheet sheet=workbook.createSheet("sheet");

        List sheetList=(List)map.get("sheet");
        Iterator sheetIt=sheetList.iterator();
        int i=0;
        while(sheetIt.hasNext())
        ...{
            HSSFRow row=sheet.createRow(i++);
            int j=0;
            List rowList=(List)sheetIt.next();
            Iterator rowIt=rowList.iterator();
            while(rowIt.hasNext())
            ...{
                HSSFCell cell=row.createCell((short)j++);
                cell.setCellValue((String)rowIt.next());
            }            
        }
    }

}

编写生成PDF格式视图的对象，该类继承SpringFrameWork的AbstractPdfView，并实现其抽象方法buildPdfDocument(Map,Document,PdfWriter,HttpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse)

package  view;

import  java.util.Iterator;
import  java.util.List;
import  java.util.Map;

import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import  org.springframework.web.servlet.view.document.AbstractPdfView;

import  com.lowagie.text.Document;
import  com.lowagie.text.Table;
import  com.lowagie.text.pdf.PdfWriter;

/** */ /**
 * @author jaqcy.Ya
 *
 */
public   class  PdfView  extends  AbstractPdfView
... {
    protected void buildPdfDocument(Map map, Document doc, PdfWriter writer, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception
    ...{
        Table table=new Table(9);
        table.setWidth(90);
        table.setBorderWidth(1);
        
        List sheetList=(List)map.get("sheet");
        Iterator sheetIt=sheetList.iterator();
        while(sheetIt.hasNext())
        ...{
            List rowList=(List)sheetIt.next();
            Iterator rowIt=rowList.iterator();
            while(rowIt.hasNext())
            ...{
                table.addCell((String)rowIt.next());
            }
        }
        doc.add(table);
    }
}

接着就是连接XLS和PDF视图的控制器了

package  controller;

import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import  org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import  org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;

/** */ /**
 * @author jaqcy.Ya
 *
 */
public   class  XlsViewController  extends  AbstractController
... {
    protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest req,
            HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception
    ...{    
        return new ModelAndView(new view.ExcelView(),service.MapService.createMap(9));
    }

}

package  controller;

import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import  org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import  org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;


/** */ /**
 * @author jaqcy.Ya
 *
 */
public   class  PdfViewController  extends  AbstractController
... {
    protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception
    ...{
        return new ModelAndView(new view.PdfView(),service.MapService.createMap(9));
    }    
}

接着就是Spring的IoC配置文件xlspdf-servlet.xml

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<! DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd“  >
< beans >
     < bean  id ="xlsView"
        class ="controller.XlsViewController"   />
     < bean  id ="pdfView"
        class ="controller.PdfViewController"   />
     < bean  id ="urlMapping"  class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping" >
         < property  name ="mappings" >
             < props >
                 < prop  key ="/*.xls" > xlsView </ prop > <!--  影射所有XLS后缀的请求到控制器  -->
                 < prop  key ="/*.pdf" > pdfView </ prop > <!--  影射所有PDF后缀的请求到控制器  -->
             </ props >
         </ property >
     </ bean >
</ beans >

接下来就是编写WEB应用配置文件web.xml了

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< web-app  xmlns ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee web-app_2_4.xsd"
    version ="2.4" >
     < context-param >
         < param-name > contextConfigLocation </ param-name >
         < param-value > /WEB-INF/xlspdf-servlet.xml </ param-value >
     </ context-param >     
     < listener >
         < listener-class > org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </ listener-class >
     </ listener >     
     < servlet >
         < servlet-name > xlspdf </ servlet-name >
         < servlet-class > org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </ servlet-class >
         < load-on-startup > 1 </ load-on-startup >
     </ servlet >     
     < servlet-mapping >
         < servlet-name > xlspdf </ servlet-name >
         < url-pattern > *.xls </ url-pattern >
     </ servlet-mapping >     
     < servlet-mapping >
         < servlet-name > xlspdf </ servlet-name >
         < url-pattern > *.pdf </ url-pattern >
     </ servlet-mapping >     
</ web-app >

最后就是打包工作了，这个就不再说什么了。

最终效果：

怎样，很方便吧！