sql错题集1

题目:Query the two cities in STATION with the shortest and longest CITY names, as well as their respective lengths (i.e.: number of characters in the name). If there is more than one smallest or largest city, choose the one that comes first when ordered alphabetically.
The STATION table is described as follows:

where LAT_N is the northern latitude and LONG_W is the western longitude.

Sample Input

For example, CITY has four entries: DEF, ABC, PQRS and WXY.

Sample Output

ABC 3
PQRS 4

Explanation

When ordered alphabetically, the CITY names are listed as ABC, DEF, PQRS, and WXY, with lengths  and . The longest name is PQRS, but there are  options for shortest named city. Choose ABC, because it comes first alphabetically.

Note
You can write two separate queries to get the desired output. It need not be a single query.

解析:

1. sql求字符长度函数是length(),不是len().

2. 求字符最长的城市名和最短的城市名,且按照字母顺序,取第一个城市名。搞错了,以为相等长度的城市名中,都要取第一个按照字母排序的城市名。

正确答案:

SELECT CITY,LENGTH(CITY)
FROM STATION
ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) ,CITY
LIMIT 1;

SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY)
FROM STATION
ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) DESC, CITY
LIMIT 1;

我的:

SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY)
FROM (
        SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY), 
        ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY LENGTH(CITY) ORDER BY CITY) AS N1
        FROM STATION
        ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) DESC, CITY
) AS T1
WHERE T1.N1 = 1;

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