什么是自关联
跟原来的一对多差不多，原来是需要两个实体类，两个配置文件。现在一个实体类一个配置文件。
我们少说话，多做事就拿菜单表做一个例子：
下面这个表就是我们要做的，系统管理下面有字典管理，用户管理，角色管理，权限管理，而权限管理下面又有用户分配角色，角色授予用户。关系不是很复杂，一看就懂。
实体类 以及 配置文件
实体类 TreeNode
package com.hu.four.entity;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class TreeNode {
private Integer nodeId;
private String nodeName;
private Integer treeNodeType;
private Integer position;
private String url;
private TreeNode parent;//父菜单
private Set<TreeNode> children = new HashSet<TreeNode>();//子菜单
private Integer initChildren = 0;
}
配置文件 TreeNode.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.hu.four.entity.TreeNode" table="t_hibernate_sys_tree_node">
<id name="nodeId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="tree_node_id">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="nodeName" type="java.lang.String"
column="tree_node_name">
</property>
<property name="treeNodeType" type="java.lang.Integer"
column="tree_node_type">
</property>
<property name="position" type="java.lang.Integer"
column="position">
</property>
<property name="url" type="java.lang.String"
column="url">
</property>
<!-- name：父菜单 column：主键ID-->
<many-to-one name="parent" class="com.hu.four.entity.TreeNode" column="parent_node_id"/>
<!--
name：子菜单
column：主键ID
-->
<set name="children" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
<key column="parent_node_id"></key>
<one-to-many class="com.hu.four.entity.TreeNode"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
dao方法以及测试
dao
package com.hu.four.dao;
import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.hu.four.entity.TreeNode;
import com.hu.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
public class TreeNodeDao {
//查询
public TreeNode load(TreeNode treeNode) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
TreeNode t = session.load(TreeNode.class, treeNode.getNodeId());
// 强制加载关联属性
if(t != null && new Integer(1).equals(treeNode.getInitChildren())) {
Hibernate.initialize(t.getChildren());
Hibernate.initialize(t.getParent());
}
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return t;
}
}
测试
package com.hu.four.dao;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.hu.four.entity.TreeNode;
public class TreeNodeDaoTest {
private TreeNodeDao treeNodeDao = new TreeNodeDao();
@Test
public void testLoad() {
TreeNode treeNode = new TreeNode();
treeNode.setNodeId(6);
treeNode.setInitChildren(1);
TreeNode t = this.treeNodeDao.load(treeNode);
System.out.println(t);//父类
System.out.println(t.getParent());//本身
System.out.println(t.getChildren());//子类
}
}
结果：
多对多关联关系
多对多关联关系在我们生活中是非常常见的，这里打一个比喻 ： 一本书是可以有多个类别的，而一个类别又对应多本书。下面我们就用代码来实现这个关系。这里需要使用到3张表，一个书籍表，一个类别表，一个中间表。只要配置文件写好万事大吉
实体类
Book 书籍实体类
package com.hu.four.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class Book implements Serializable{
private Integer bookId;
private String bookName;
private Float price;
//一本书对应多个类别
private Set<Category> categories = new HashSet<Category>();
private Integer initCategories = 0;//判断是否强制加载
public Integer getInitCategories() {
return initCategories;
}
public void setInitCategories(Integer initCategories) {
this.initCategories = initCategories;
}
public Integer getBookId() {
return bookId;
}
public void setBookId(Integer bookId) {
this.bookId = bookId;
}
public String getBookName() {
return bookName;
}
public void setBookName(String bookName) {
this.bookName = bookName;
}
public Float getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Float price) {
this.price = price;
}
public Set<Category> getCategories() {
return categories;
}
public void setCategories(Set<Category> categories) {
this.categories = categories;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book [bookId=" + bookId + ", bookName=" + bookName + ", price=" + price + "]";
}
public Book(Integer bookId, String bookName) {
super();
this.bookId = bookId;
this.bookName = bookName;
}
public Book() {
super();
}
}
Category 类别表
package com.hu.four.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class Category implements Serializable{
private Integer categoryId;
private String categoryName;
//一个类别对应多本书
private Set<Book> books = new HashSet<Book>();
public Integer getCategoryId() {
return categoryId;
}
public void setCategoryId(Integer categoryId) {
this.categoryId = categoryId;
}
public String getCategoryName() {
return categoryName;
}
public void setCategoryName(String categoryName) {
this.categoryName = categoryName;
}
public Set<Book> getBooks() {
return books;
}
public void setBooks(Set<Book> books) {
this.books = books;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Category [categoryId=" + categoryId + ", categoryName=" + categoryName + "]";
}
}
实体类的配置文件
Book的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.hu.four.entity.Book" table="t_hibernate_book">
<cache usage="read-only" region="com.hu.four.entity.Book"/>
<id name="bookId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="book_id">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="bookName" type="java.lang.String"
column="book_name">
</property>
<property name="price" type="java.lang.Float"
column="price">
</property>
<!--
table:代表的是中间表
name：书籍类的关联属性（一本书对应多个类别）
inverse：中间表交于对方维护
key：当前类对应的表列段在中间表（t_hibernate_book_category） 中的外键
many-to-many：
colmn：对应的是上面key查出来中间表 （t_hibernate_book_category）的另一个字段（cid），当做关联表的主键（category_id）进行查询
class：上述查出来的主键对应的实体类
-->
<!-- 中间表配置 -->
<set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="categories" cascade="save-update" inverse="false">
<!-- one -->
<key column="bid"></key><!-- 中间表bid -->
<!-- many -->
<many-to-many column="cid" class="com.hu.four.entity.Category"></many-to-many>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Category 配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.hu.four.entity.Category" table="t_hibernate_category">
<id name="categoryId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="category_id">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="categoryName" type="java.lang.String"
column="category_name">
</property>
<set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="books" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
<key column="cid"></key>
<many-to-many column="bid" class="com.hu.four.entity.Book"></many-to-many>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
dao以及测试
package com.hu.four.dao;
import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.hu.four.entity.Book;
import com.hu.four.entity.Category;
import com.hu.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
public class BookDao{
//增加书籍方法
public Integer addBook(Book book) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Integer bid = (Integer) session.save(book);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return bid;
}
//增加书籍类别方法
public Integer addCategory(Category category) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Integer cid = (Integer) session.save(category);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return cid;
}
//查询书籍类别方法
public Category getCategory(Category category) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Category c = session.get(Category.class, category.getCategoryId());
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return c;
}
//查询书籍方法
public Book getBook(Book book) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Book b = session.get(Book.class, book.getBookId());
if (b != null && new Integer(1).equals(book.getInitCategories())) {
Hibernate.initialize(b.getCategories());
}
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return b;
}
//删除书籍的方法
public void delBook(Book book) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
session.delete(book);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
//删除书籍类别的方法
public void delCategory(Category category) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Category c = session.get(Category.class, category.getCategoryId());
if(c!=null) {
for (Book b : c.getBooks()) {
// 通过在被控方通过主控方来解除关联关系，最后被控方再做删除
b.getCategories().remove(c);
}
}
session.delete(c);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
}
测试代码
package com.hu.four.dao;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.hu.four.entity.Book;
import com.hu.four.entity.Category;
public class BookDaoTest {
private BookDao bookDao = new BookDao();
@Test
public void testGetBook() {
Book book = new Book();
book.setBookId(2);
book.setInitCategories(1);
Book b = this.bookDao.getBook(book );
System.out.println(b.getBookName());
System.out.println(b.getCategories());
}
/**
* book.hbm.xml inverse=fasle
* category.hbm.xml inverse=true
* 数据添加正常
* 书籍表、桥接表各新增一条数据
*/
@Test
public void test1() {
Book book = new Book();
book.setBookName("斗罗大陆");
book.setPrice(10f);
Category category = new Category();
category.setCategoryId(5);
// 直接将category对象加入到新建的book中是错误的，因为此时的category是临时态的，hibernate是不会管理的
// book.getCategories().add(category);
Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
// c.getBooks().add(book);
book.getCategories().add(c);
this.bookDao.addBook(book);
}
/**
* book.hbm.xml inverse=true
* category.hbm.xml inverse=true
* 只增加书籍表数据
* 桥接表不加数据
* 原因：双方都没有去维护关系
*/
@Test
public void test2() {
Book book = new Book();
book.setBookName("洞中强者");
book.setPrice(10f);
Category category = new Category();
category.setCategoryId(5);
Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
book.getCategories().add(c);
this.bookDao.addBook(book);
// c.getBooks().add(book);
}
}
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