Roy-Spring手记-1-配置与集成Hibernate+Struts

一、配置

 

环境：spring-framework-2.0-rc3 Eclipse-3.2.1 tomcat-5.0.28 

 

1.准备：

 

　　由于MyEclipse5.1还是spring1.2，所以我只使用了MyEclipse中的一般配置，当加入Spring支持后，删除MyEclise中有关Spring的构建路径的引用，添加自己的用户库，如：Spring-2.0。将spring中所有的jar文件都添加到这个用户库中，由于spring.jar并没有将所有组件都打到包内，对于初学者来说的话将spring-framework-2.0-rc3/dist/modules和spring-framework-2.0-rc3/lib里的包都加入到用户库中。（例外：删除了commons-attributes-api.jar和commons-attributes-compiler.jar两个包，原因是这两个包需要的东西我没有找到，至今没有发现有什么影响）

 

　　将applicationContext.xml、log4j.properties、jdbc.properties放在WEB-INF里

 

　　将hibernate-mapping.hbm.xml、放在src里

 

　　注意：要将数据库连接所需的包加入Eclipse的构建路径里。

 

2.配置web.xml，添加如入代码

<context-param>
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
 </context-param>
 <context-param>
  <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>/WEB-INF/log4j.properties</param-value>
 </context-param>
 <listener>
  <listener-class>
   org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener
  </listener-class>
 </listener>
 <listener>
  <listener-class>
   org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
  </listener-class>
 </listener>

以上代码实现context的自动加载

 

3.配置applicationContext.xml

 

　　第一，更改文档声明部分为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi=" http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

 

　　说明：Spring的文档中为 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd，系统没有找到配置。而spring-beans.jar包中的spring.schemas文件中给定的映射不是 spring-beans-2.0.xsd，而是spring-beans.xsd

 

　　第二，添加如下内容：

<bean id="propertyConfigurer"
  class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
  <property name="location" value="/WEB-INF/jdbc.properties" />
 </bean>

 

 <bean id="dataSource"
  class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
  <property name="driverClassName"
   value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
  <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
  <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
  <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
 </bean>

 

 <!-- JNDI DataSource for J2EE environments -->
 <!--
  <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
  <property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/jdbc/petclinic"/>
  </bean>
 -->

 

 <!-- Hibernate SessionFactory -->
 <bean id="sessionFactory"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
  <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
  <property name="mappingResources">
   <value>hibernate-mapping.hbm.xml</value>
  </property>
  <property name="hibernateProperties">
   <props>
    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">
     ${hibernate.dialect}
    </prop>
    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
    <prop key="hibernate.generate_statistics">true</prop>
    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
   </props>
  </property>
  <property name="eventListeners">
   <map>
    <entry key="merge">
     <bean
      class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.IdTransferringMergeEventListener" />
    </entry>
   </map>
  </property>
 </bean>

 

 <!-- Transaction manager for a single Hibernate SessionFactory (alternative to JTA) -->
 <bean id="transactionManager"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>

 

　　以上配置复制自spring自带的例子petclinic的配置文件

 

4.配置hibernate-mapping.hbm.xml

 

　　在hibernate-mapping.hbm.xml配置hibernate的映射关系

 

 <?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
      "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
          " http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping auto-import="true" default-lazy="false">

 

 <class name="User" table="TEST_USER">
  <id name="id" column="ID_">
   <generator class="native" />
  </id>
  <property name="name" column="NAME_" />
 </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

5.整合struts

 

　　(1)为了在Struts中加载Spring Context，在 struts-config.xml中增加如下部分：
 
<struts-config>
  <plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn">
   <set-property property="contextConfigLocation" value="/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml" />
  </plug-in>
</struts-config>

 

　　(2)通过plug-in我们实现了Spring Context的加载，不过仅仅加载 Context并没有什么实际
意义，我们还需要修改配置，将Struts Action交给 Spring容器进行管理，如下：

 

<action path="/login" type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy" name="loginForm">

 

　　(3)在applicatinContext.xml里添加bean

 

<bean name="/login" class="net.xiaxin.action.LoginAction"
   singleton="false">
   <property name="userDAO">
     <ref bean="userDAOProxy" />
   </property>
  </bean>

 

 

 

 

附录：

1.jdbc.properties

# Properties file with JDBC-related settings.
# Applied by PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer from "applicationContext-*.xml".
# Targeted at system administrators, to avoid touching the context XML files.

 

jdbc.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
#jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:ROYORA
#jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/petclinic
jdbc.username=

jdbc.password=

 

# Property that determines the Hibernate dialect
# (only applied with "applicationContext-hibernate.xml")
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect
#hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

 

# Property that determines the JDBC implementation of Clinic
# (only applied with "applicationContext-jdbc.xml")
#petclinic.jdbcImplBeanName=hsqlClinic
#petclinic.jdbcImplBeanName=mysqlClinic

 

# Note that OJB expects the database platform to be set in
# "OJB-repository.xml" (jdbc-connection-descriptor platform).

 

2.log4j.properties

 

# Set root logger level to DEBUG and its only appender to CONSOLE.
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, CONSOLE

 

# CONSOLE
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{HH:mm:ss,SSS} [%t] %-5p %C{1} : %m%n

 

# LIMIT CATEGORIES
log4j.logger.org.jbpm=DEBUG
#log4j.logger.org.jbpm.graph=DEBUG

 

# Hibernate debugging levels and their output
log4j.logger.org.hibernate=INFO
#Log all SQL DML statements as they are executed
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.SQL=DEBUG
#Log all JDBC parameters
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=DEBUG
#Log all SQL DDL statements as they are executed
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=DEBUG 
#Log the state of all entities (max 20 entities) associated with the session at flush time
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.pretty=DEBUG 
#Log all second-level cache activity
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.cache=DEBUG 
#Log transaction related activity
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.transaction=DEBUG 
#Log all JDBC resource acquisition
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.jdbc=TRACE 
#Log HQL and SQL ASTs and other information about query parsing
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql.ast=DEBUG 
#Log all JAAS authorization requests
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.secure=DEBUG 
#Log everything (a lot of information, but very useful for troubleshooting)
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=DEBUG 
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tools=DEBUG 

 

log4j.logger.net.sf.ehcache=INFO

 

 

二、创建Web应用程序

 

 

1.配置applicationContext

 <bean id="userService"
  class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
  <property name="transactionManager">
   <ref bean="transactionManager" />
  </property>
  <property name="target">
   <ref local="userTarget" />
  </property>
  <property name="transactionAttributes">
   <props>
    <prop key="save*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
    <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
   </props>
  </property>
 </bean>
 <bean id="userTarget" class="mtn.hqzh.service.spring.UserService">
  <property name="userDAO">
   <ref local="userDAO" />
  </property>
 </bean>
 <bean id="userDAO" class="mtn.hqzh.service.dao.hibernate.UserDAO">
  <property name="sessionFactory">
   <ref local="sessionFactory" />
  </property>
 </bean>

 

2.几个类和接口

 

(1) UserDAO类：实现持久层的数据库操作，UserDAO类实现IUserDAO接口，继承HibernateDaoSurpport类；

(2) UserService类：处于业务逻辑层，通过IUserDAO访问数据。UserService类实现IUserService接口，在UserService类中定义IUserDAO属性；

(3) 在Web应用中，通过Spring获得userService代理类，然后进行数据的操作

 

a.IUserDAO接口

 

public interface IUserDAO {
 
 public abstract User getUserById(final long id);

 public abstract void saveUser(final User user);
 public abstract List getUsers();

 

}

 

b.IUserService 接口

 

public interface IUserService {
 public abstract void saveUser(User user);

 

 public abstract List getUsers();

 

 public abstract User findUserById(long id);

 

 
 public abstract IUserDAO getUserDAO();
 
 public abstract void setUserDAO(IUserDAO userDAO);

 

}

c.UserDAO类

public class UserDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport implements IUserDAO {

 

 public UserDAO() {
  super();
 }

 

 public User getUserById(long id) {

  return (User) this.getHibernateTemplate().get(User.class, id);
 }

 

 public void save(User user) {
  this.getHibernateTemplate().save(user);
 }

 

 public void saveUser(User user) {
  this.getHibernateTemplate().save(user);
 }

 

 public List getUsers() {

  return this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from User u order by u.id");
 }

 

}

 

d.UserService类

 

public class UserService implements IUserService {

 

 private IUserDAO userDAO;

 

 public UserService() {
  super();
 }

 

 public User findUserById(long id) {
  return userDAO.getUserById(id);
 }

 

 public IUserDAO getUserDAO() {
  return this.userDAO;
 }

 

 public List getUsers() {
  return userDAO.getUsers();
 }

 

 public void saveUser(User user) {
  userDAO.saveUser(user);
 }

 

 public void setUserDAO(IUserDAO userDAO) {
  this.userDAO = userDAO;

 

 }

 

}

 

3.与Struts集成

创建BaseAction，代码如下：

public abstract class BaseAction extends DispatchAction {
 
 private IUserService userService;

 

 public void setServlet(ActionServlet actionServlet) {
  super.setServlet(actionServlet);
  ServletContext servletContext = actionServlet.getServletContext();
  WebApplicationContext wac =
   WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
  this.userService = (IUserService) wac.getBean("userService");
 }

 

 public IUserService getUserService() {
  return userService;
 }

 

}

Struts中的Action继承这个BaseAction，代码如下：

public class UserAction extends BaseAction {
  public ActionForward list(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
   HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
  UserForm theForm = (UserForm) form;
  theForm.setUsers(this.getUserService().getUsers());
  return mapping.findForward("index");
 }
 
}