JAVA6开发WebService （四）——SAAJ调用WebService

前面写了个JAX-WS的小例子，看到用JAVA6开发WebService确实很简单，也很方便，不过前面也说了，JAVA有三种WebService规范，JAX-WS是其中一种，现在来看看JAXM&SAAJ。

最近在做一个接口平台的项目，接口嘛，当然得涉及到对WebService的接口了，我们计划做成一个通用的平台，通过配置文件进行配置后就可以动态对某一个接口进行调用，但像前面的例子那样，每次都要生成一堆客户端代码，这可受不了。如果调用的接口唯一，生成一次客户端代码当然没问题，但如果要调用的接口是动态的，这就不好办了。因此，我需要了解SOAP更多底层的细节，由我自己来组织SOAP中的内容而不是完全由代码生成器生成。

仍使用前面例子中的服务器端：

接口：

Java代码

1. package com.why.server;
3. import javax.jws.WebParam;
4. import javax.jws.WebService;
5. import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
6. import javax.xml.ws.soap.MTOM;
8. /**
9. *
10. * @author why
11. *
12. */
13. @WebService(name="Hello")
14. @SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
15. public interface Hello {
16. public void printContext();
17. public Customer selectCustomerByName(@WebParam(name = "c",header=true)Customer customer);
18. public Customer selectMaxAgeCustomer(Customer c1, Customer c2);
19. }

实现类：

Java代码

1. package com.why.server;
3. import java.io.File;
4. import java.io.FileOutputStream;
5. import java.io.IOException;
6. import java.io.InputStream;
7. import java.io.OutputStream;
8. import java.text.ParseException;
9. import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
10. import java.util.Date;
11. import java.util.Set;
12. import javax.activation.DataHandler;
13. import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
14. import javax.annotation.Resource;
15. import javax.jws.WebService;
16. import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceContext;
17. import javax.xml.ws.handler.MessageContext;
18. import javax.xml.ws.soap.MTOM;
20. /**
21. *
22. * 通过@MTOM注解启动MTOM传输方式，使用CXF实现时，这个注解放在接口或者实现类上都可以，使用JDK1.6自带实现时，需标注在实现类上
23. * @author why
24. *
25. */
26. @WebService(serviceName="HelloService",portName="HelloServicePort",targetNamespace="http://service.why.com/",endpointInterface="com.why.server.Hello")
27. @MTOM
28. public class HelloImpl implements Hello {
30. @Resource
31. private WebServiceContext context;
33. @Override
34. public void printContext(){
35. MessageContext ctx = context.getMessageContext();
36. Set<String> set = ctx.keySet();
37. for (String key : set) {
38. System.out.println("{" + key + "," + ctx.get(key) +"}");
39. try {
40. System.out.println("key.scope=" + ctx.getScope(key));
41. } catch (Exception e) {
42. System.out.println(key + " is not exits");
43. }
44. }
45. }
47. @Override
48. public Customer selectCustomerByName(Customer customer) {
49. if("why".equals(customer.getName())){
50. customer.setId(1);
51. try {
52. customer.setBirthday(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse("1985-10-07"));
53. } catch (ParseException e) {
54. e.printStackTrace();
55. }
56. customer.setImageData(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(new File("c:"+ File.separator + "why.jpg"))));
57. }else{
58. customer.setId(2);
59. customer.setBirthday(new Date());
60. customer.setImageData(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(new File("c:"+ File.separator + "origin.jpg"))));
61. }
62. return customer;
63. }
65. @Override
66. public Customer selectMaxAgeCustomer(Customer c1, Customer c2) {
67. try {
68. // 输出接收到的附件
69. System.out.println("c1.getImageData().getContentType()=" + c1.getImageData().getContentType());
70. InputStream is = c1.getImageData().getInputStream();
71. OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("c:\\temp1.jpg");
72. byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
73. int c;
74. while ((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
75. os.write(bytes, 0, c);
76. }
77. os.close();
79. System.out.println("c2.getImageData().getContentType()=" + c2.getImageData().getContentType());
80. is = c2.getImageData().getInputStream();
81. os = new FileOutputStream("c:\\temp2.jpg");
82. bytes = new byte[1024];
83. while ((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
84. os.write(bytes, 0, c);
85. }
86. os.close();
87. } catch (IOException e) {
88. e.printStackTrace();
89. }
91. if (c1.getBirthday().getTime() > c2.getBirthday().getTime()){
92. return c2;
93. }
94. else{
95. return c1;
96. }
97. }
98. }

Customer类：

Java代码

1. package com.why.server;
3. import java.util.Date;
5. import javax.activation.DataHandler;
6. import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
7. import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
8. import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlMimeType;
9. import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
11. /**
12. *
13. * @author why
14. *
15. */
16. @XmlRootElement(name = "Customer")
17. @XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
18. public class Customer {
19. private long id;
20. private String name;
21. private Date birthday;
22. @XmlMimeType("application/octet-stream")
23. private DataHandler imageData;
25. public long getId() {
26. return id;
27. }
28. public void setId(long id) {
29. this.id = id;
30. }
31. public String getName() {
32. return name;
33. }
34. public void setName(String name) {
35. this.name = name;
36. }
37. public Date getBirthday() {
38. return birthday;
39. }
40. public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
41. this.birthday = birthday;
42. }
43. public DataHandler getImageData() {
44. return imageData;
45. }
46. public void setImageData(DataHandler imageData) {
47. this.imageData = imageData;
48. }
49. }

发布：

Java代码

1. package com.why.server;
3. import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;
5. /**
6. *
7. * @author why
8. *
9. */
10. public class SoapServer {
11. public static void main(String[] args) {
12. Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/helloService",new HelloImpl());
14. }
15. }

这次不生成客户端类，而是通过自己组织SOAP消息，向服务器发送请求。首先，我们需要一个到WebService服务的连接（就像Connection之于JDBC），通过javax.xml.soap.SOAPConnectionFactory的createConnection()可以获得一个WebService连接。获得连接之后，我们就可以组织我们的SOAP消息了。通过javax.xml.soap.MessageFactory的createMessage()方法，获得一个javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage，SOAPMessage就是我们SOAP消息的入口。我们知道，SOAP其实就是一个XML，有了SOAPMessage这个入口，剩下的就是对XML的组织和解析了。对于SOAP消息的各个部分，SOAPMessage都有对应的接口：

Java代码

1. // 获取SOAP连接工厂
2. SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
3. // 从SOAP连接工厂创建SOAP连接对象
4. SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
5. // 获取消息工厂
6. MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
7. // 从消息工厂创建SOAP消息对象
8. SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
9. // 创建SOAPPart对象
10. SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
11. // 创建SOAP信封对象
12. SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
13. // 创建SOAPHeader对象
14. SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
15. // 创建SOAPBody对
16. SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();

把我们需要传递的参数组织好，通过connection.call方法进行对WebService的调用，他仍然会给我们返回一个SOAPMessage对象，对应服务器端的三个函数，我分别写了对应的三个方法对其进行调用，以下是我的客户端类：

Java代码

1. package com.why.client;
2. import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
3. import java.io.FileOutputStream;
4. import java.io.InputStream;
5. import java.io.OutputStream;
6. import java.net.URL;
7. import java.util.Iterator;
8. import java.util.UUID;
9. import javax.activation.DataHandler;
10. import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
11. import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
12. import javax.xml.soap.AttachmentPart;
13. import javax.xml.soap.MessageFactory;
14. import javax.xml.soap.SOAPBody;
15. import javax.xml.soap.SOAPBodyElement;
16. import javax.xml.soap.SOAPConnection;
17. import javax.xml.soap.SOAPConnectionFactory;
18. import javax.xml.soap.SOAPElement;
19. import javax.xml.soap.SOAPEnvelope;
20. import javax.xml.soap.SOAPHeader;
21. import javax.xml.soap.SOAPHeaderElement;
22. import javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage;
23. import javax.xml.soap.SOAPPart;
25. /**
26. *
27. * @author why
28. *
29. */
30. public class SoapClient {
31. public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
33. printContext();
35. selectCustomerByName();
37. selectMaxAgeCustomer();
38. }
40. /**
41. * 调用一个无参函数
42. * @throws Exception
43. */
44. public static void printContext() throws Exception{
45. // 获取SOAP连接工厂
46. SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
47. // 从SOAP连接工厂创建SOAP连接对象
48. SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
49. // 获取消息工厂
50. MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
51. // 从消息工厂创建SOAP消息对象
52. SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
53. // 创建SOAPPart对象
54. SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
55. // 创建SOAP信封对象
56. SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
57. // 创建SOAPHeader对象
58. SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
59. // 创建SOAPBody对象
60. SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
62. // 创建XML的根元素
63. SOAPBodyElement bodyElementRoot = body.addBodyElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "printContext", "ns1"));
65. // 访问Web服务地址
66. SOAPMessage reMessage = connection.call(message, new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloService"));
67. // 控制台输出返回的SOAP消息
68. OutputStream os = System.out;
69. reMessage.writeTo(os);
71. connection.close();
72. }
74. /**
75. * 调用一个在soap:HEADER中传递参数的函数
76. * @throws Exception
77. */
78. public static void selectCustomerByName() throws Exception{
79. // 获取SOAP连接工厂
80. SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
81. // 从SOAP连接工厂创建SOAP连接对象
82. SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
83. // 获取消息工厂
84. MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
85. // 从消息工厂创建SOAP消息对象
86. SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
87. // 创建SOAPPart对象
88. SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
89. // 创建SOAP信封对象
90. SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
91. // 创建SOAPHeader对象
92. SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
93. // 创建SOAPBody对象
94. SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
96. // 创建XML的根元素
97. SOAPHeaderElement headerElementRoot = header.addHeaderElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "c", "ns1"));
98. SOAPBodyElement bodyElementRoot = body.addBodyElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "selectCustomerByName", "ns1"));
99. headerElementRoot.addChildElement(new QName("name")).addTextNode("why");
101. // 访问Web服务地址
102. SOAPMessage reMessage = connection.call(message, new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloService"));
103. // 控制台输出返回的SOAP消息
104. OutputStream os = System.out;
105. reMessage.writeTo(os);
107. // 输出SOAP消息中的附件
108. Iterator<AttachmentPart> it = reMessage.getAttachments();
109. while (it.hasNext()) {
110. InputStream ins = it.next().getDataHandler().getInputStream();
111. byte[] b = new byte[ins.available()];
112. OutputStream ous = new FileOutputStream("c:\\aaa.jpg");
113. while (ins.read(b) != -1) {
114. ous.write(b);
115. }
116. ous.close();
117. }
118. connection.close();
119. }
121. /**
122. * 调用一个在soap:Body中传递参数的函数
123. * @throws Exception
124. */
125. public static void selectMaxAgeCustomer() throws Exception{
126. // 获取SOAP连接工厂
127. SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
128. // 从SOAP连接工厂创建SOAP连接对象
129. SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
130. // 获取消息工厂
131. MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
132. // 从消息工厂创建SOAP消息对象
133. SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
134. // 创建SOAPPart对象
135. SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
136. // 创建SOAP信封对象
137. SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
138. // 创建SOAPHeader对象
139. SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
140. // 创建SOAPBody对象
141. SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
143. // 设置Content-Type
144. MimeHeaders hd = message.getMimeHeaders();
145. hd.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/xop+xml; charset=utf-8; type=\"text/xml\"");
147. // 创建XML的根元素
148. SOAPBodyElement bodyElementRoot = body.addBodyElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "selectMaxAgeCustomer", "ns1"));
150. // 创建Customer实例1
151. SOAPElement elementC1 = bodyElementRoot.addChildElement(new QName("arg0"));
152. elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("id")).addTextNode("1");
153. elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("name")).addTextNode("A");
154. elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("birthday")).addTextNode("1989-01-28T00:00:00.000+08:00");
155. // 创建附件对象
156. AttachmentPart attachment = message.createAttachmentPart(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("c:\\c1.jpg")));
157. // 设置Content-ID
158. attachment.setContentId("<" + UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ">");
159. attachment.setMimeHeader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "binary");
160. message.addAttachmentPart(attachment);
161. SOAPElement elementData = elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("imageData"));
163. // 添加XOP支持
164. elementData.addChildElement(
165. new QName("http://www.w3.org/2004/08/xop/include", "Include","xop"))
166. .addAttribute(new QName("href"),"cid:" + attachment.getContentId().replaceAll("<", "").replaceAll(">", ""));
168. // 创建Customer实例2
169. SOAPElement elementC2 = bodyElementRoot.addChildElement(new QName("arg1"));
170. elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("id")).addTextNode("2");
171. elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("name")).addTextNode("B");
172. elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("birthday")).addTextNode("1990-01-28T00:00:00.000+08:00");
173. AttachmentPart attachment2 = message.createAttachmentPart(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("c:\\c2.jpg")));
174. attachment2.setContentId("<" + UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ">");
175. message.addAttachmentPart(attachment2);
176. SOAPElement elementData2 = elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("imageData"));
178. elementData2.addChildElement(
179. new QName("http://www.w3.org/2004/08/xop/include", "Include","xop"))
180. .addAttribute(new QName("href"),"cid:" + attachment2.getContentId().replaceAll("<", "").replaceAll(">", ""));
182. // 控制台输出发送的SOAP消息
183. OutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
184. message.writeTo(os);
185. String soapStr = os.toString();
186. System.out.println("\n@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n"+soapStr+"\n@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
188. // 访问Web服务地址
189. SOAPMessage reMessage = connection.call(message, new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloService"));
190. // 控制台输出返回的SOAP消息
191. OutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
192. reMessage.writeTo(baos);
193. String soapStr2 = baos.toString();
194. System.out.println("\n#############\n"+soapStr2+"\n################");
196. // // 输出SOAP消息中的第一个子元素的元素名称
197. System.out.println("\n<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<" + reMessage.getSOAPBody().getFirstChild().getLocalName());
198. // 输出SOAP消息中的附件
199. Iterator<AttachmentPart> it = reMessage.getAttachments();
200. while (it.hasNext()) {
201. InputStream ins = it.next().getDataHandler().getInputStream();
202. byte[] b = new byte[ins.available()];
203. OutputStream ous = new FileOutputStream("c:\\bbb.jpg");
204. while (ins.read(b) != -1) {
205. ous.write(b);
206. }
207. ous.close();
208. }
210. connection.close();
212. }
213. }

使用SAAJ创建附件时，需设置Content-Type=application/xop+xml; charset=utf-8; type="text/xml"，否则服务器端获取不到这个附件，查看发送给服务器端的SOAP消息可以看到，默认Content-Type被置为text/xml; charset=utf-8，因此，需在代码中加入：

Java代码

1. MimeHeaders hd = message.getMimeHeaders();
2. hd.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/xop+xml; charset=utf-8; type=\"text/xml\"");

SOAPMessage有一个writeTo(OutputStream os)方法，可以将整个SOAP消息的内容写入一个输出流中，我们可以截获这个输出流的内容进行分析或再次整理。

附件是我的工程（2010-11-15更新）

转载自 ：http://wuhongyu.iteye.com/blog/810571