基于多态的职工管理系统C++版

一、介绍

程序为对一个公司的所有职工信息管理系统，程序提供了对于职工信息的增删改排等功能。并使用多态的技术，大大提高了程序的维护性和扩展性。

二、功能详述

主要工作类：WorkerManager
交互界面——showmenu：显示对职工的增删改查操作选项       文件交互

void WorkerManager::showmenu() {
	cout << endl;
	cout << "\t" << "\t" << "欢迎使用职工管理系统！" << endl;
	cout << "\t" << "\t" << "0 退出管理系统" << endl;
	cout << "\t" << "\t" << "1 增加职工信息" << endl;
	cout << "\t" << "\t" << "2 显示职工信息" << endl;
	cout << "\t" << "\t" << "3 删除离职职工" << endl;
	cout << "\t" << "\t" << "4 修改职工信息" << endl;
	cout << "\t" << "\t" << "5 查找职工信息" << endl;
	cout << "\t" << "\t" << "6 按照编号排序" << endl;
	cout << "\t" << "\t" << "7 清空所有文档" << endl;
	cout << endl;
}

利用多态分类添加职工
首先建立抽象类 Worker：
三个公共属性：职工编号、职工姓名、部门编号
两个纯虚函数：showinof、getdeptname

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

class Worker
{
public:
	virtual void showinof() = 0;//显示信息

	virtual string getdeptname() = 0;//获取部门信息

	int m_id;
	string m_name;
	int m_deptid;

};

建立老板、经理、普通员工三个类，并分别都继承Worker
并重写纯虚函数，添加构造函数初始化三个属性

用一个数组保存指向每一个职工对象的Worker指针，并在WorkerManager中创建数组元素个数、数组指针两个成员变量
在构造函数中初始化两个变量

WorkerManager::WorkerManager() {
	//文件不存在
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
	if (! ifs.is_open())
	{
		//cout << "文件不存在" << endl;
		this->m_number = 0;
		this->m_worker = NULL;
		this->m_fileEmpty = true;

		ifs.close();
		return;
	}
	//文件存在且为空
	char c;
	ifs >> c;
	if (ifs.eof())
	{
		//cout << "文件为空" << endl;
		this->m_number = 0;
		this->m_worker = NULL;
		this->m_fileEmpty = true;

		ifs.close();
		return;
	}

	//文件存在但不为空
	this->m_number = this->get_empNum();
	this->m_worker = new Worker * [this->m_number];
	this->init_filearry();
}

建立txt文件保存职员信息
在WorkerManager中设置判断文件是否为空的成员属性m_fileEmpty、读文件成员函数get_empNum、保存文件成员函数save

void WorkerManager::save() {
	ofstream ofs;
	ofs.open(FILENAME, ios::out);

	//写入数据
	for (int i = 0; i < this->m_number; i++)
	{
		ofs << this->m_worker[i]->m_id << " "
			<< this->m_worker[i]->m_name << " "
			<< this->m_worker[i]->m_deptid << endl;
	}

	ofs.close();
}

int WorkerManager::get_empNum() {
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
	
	int num = 0;
	int id;
	string name;
	int did;

	while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> did)
	{
		++num;
	}

	ifs.close();
	return num;
}

void WorkerManager::init_filearry() {
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);

	int index = 0;
	int id;
	string name;
	int did;

	while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> did)
	{
		Worker* p2 = NULL;
		switch (did)
		{
		case 1:
			p2 = new Boss(id, name, did);
			break;
		case 2:
			p2 = new Manager(id, name, did);
			break;
		case 3:
			p2 = new employee(id, name, did);
		}

		this->m_worker[index] = p2;

		index++;
		
	}
	this->m_number = index;
	ifs.close();
}

显示职工信息：在WorkerManager中设置show_empinfo成员函数

批量增加职工：add函数

删除离职职工信息：
在WorkerManager中设置IsExist_emp成员函数根据输入的职工编号找到离职职工数组下标
设置delete_emp成员函数进行数据覆盖

修改职工信息：根据职工编号关键字查找所要修改信息的职工

排序：按照编号排序，管理员可以选择升序或降序方式。程序采用简单排序方法。

清空：当管理员确定选择清空文件时，文件内容被删除。成员属性被还原。

void WorkerManager::add() {

	cout << "请输入要录入的职工人数：";
	int val;
	cin >> val;

	if (val > 0)
	{
		int arrsize = m_number + val;
		Worker** p = new Worker * [arrsize];

		if (m_worker != NULL)
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < m_number; i++)
			{
				p[i] = m_worker[i];
			}
		}

		//输入信息
		for (int i = 0; i < val; i++)
		{
			int id;
			string name;
			int deptid;

			cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "位职工编号：" << endl;
			cin >> id;

			cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "位职工姓名：" << endl;
			cin >> name;

			cout << "请选择该职工的部门编号： 1、老板   2、经理   3、普通员工" << endl;
			cin >> deptid;

			Worker* p1 = NULL;
			switch (deptid)
			{
			case 1:
				p1 = new Boss(id, name, deptid);
				break;
			case 2:
				p1 = new Manager(id, name, deptid);
				break;
			case 3:
				p1 = new employee(id, name, deptid);
			}

			p[m_number + i] = p1;
		}

		delete[] m_worker;

		m_worker = p;
		m_number = arrsize;
		
		this->save();
		this->m_fileEmpty = false;

		cout << "已成功录入" << val << "名新职工" << endl;
	}

	else
	{
		cout << "输入错误，请输入一个大于0的整数" << endl;
	}

}

void WorkerManager::show_empinfo() {
	if (this->m_fileEmpty == true)
	{
		cout << "系统中无任何职工信息！" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < this->m_number; i++)
		{
			this->m_worker[i]->showinof();
		}
	}
}

int WorkerManager::IsExist_emp(int id) {
	int index = -1;
	for (int i = 0; i < this->m_number; i++)
	{
		if (this->m_worker[i]->m_id == id) 
		{
			index = i;
		}
	}

	return index;
}

void WorkerManager::delete_emp() {
	if (this->m_fileEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在！" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		int id;
		cout << "请输入离职职工的职工编号：";
		cin >> id;

		if (this->IsExist_emp(id) != -1)
		{
			for (int i = this->IsExist_emp(id); i < this->m_number; i++)
			{
				this->m_worker[i] = this->m_worker[i + 1];
			}

			this->m_number--;
			cout << "职工信息删除成功！" << endl;

			this->save();
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "系统内无该职工编号，删除失败！" << endl;
		}
	}
}
 
void WorkerManager::modify_emp() {
	cout << "请输入要修改的职工编号：";
	int id;
	cin >> id;

	if (this->IsExist_emp(id) != -1)
	{
		int id;
		string name;
		int deptid;

		cout << "请重新输入职工编号：" << endl;
		cin >> id;

		cout << "请重新输入职工姓名：" << endl;
		cin >> name;

		cout << "请重新选择该职工的部门编号： 1、老板   2、经理   3、普通员工" << endl;
		cin >> deptid;

		Worker* p1 = NULL;
		switch (deptid)
		{
		case 1:
			p1 = new Boss(id, name, deptid);
			break;
		case 2:
			p1 = new Manager(id, name, deptid);
			break;
		case 3:
			p1 = new employee(id, name, deptid);
		}

		this->m_worker[this->IsExist_emp(id)] = p1;

		this->save();
		cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "系统内无该职工编号！" << endl;
	}
}

void WorkerManager::search_emp() {
	cout << "请输入职工姓名：";
	string name;
	cin >> name;

	bool exist = false;

	if (this->m_fileEmpty)
	{
		cout << "系统内无任何职工信息!" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < this->m_number; i++)
		{
			if (this->m_worker[i]->m_name == name)
			{
				exist = true;
				cout << "查找成功！信息如下：" << endl;
				this->m_worker[i]->showinof();
			}
		}
		if (exist == false)
		{
			cout << "系统内无" << name << "信息" << endl;
		}
	}
}

void WorkerManager::sort_emp() {
	if (this->m_fileEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在！" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		int choice;
		cout << "请选择排序方式：" << endl;
		cout << "1  升序" << endl;
		cout << "2  降序" << endl;
		cin >> choice;

		if (choice == 1)
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < this->m_number; i++)
			{
				int min = i;
				for (int j = i + 1; j < this->m_number; j++)
				{
					if (this->m_worker[min]->m_id > this->m_worker[j]->m_id)
					{
						min = j;
					}
				}
				Worker* p = NULL;
				if (min != i)
				{
					p = this->m_worker[min];
					this->m_worker[min] = this->m_worker[i];
					this->m_worker[i] = p;
				}
			}
			save();
			cout << "升序已完成！" << endl;
		}
		else if (choice == 2)
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < this->m_number; i++)
			{
				int max = i;
				for (int j = i + 1; j < this->m_number; j++)
				{
					if (this->m_worker[max]->m_id < this->m_worker[j]->m_id)
					{
						max = j;
					}
				}
				Worker* p = NULL;
				if (max != i)
				{
					p = this->m_worker[max];
					this->m_worker[max] = this->m_worker[i];
					this->m_worker[i] = p;
				}
			}
			save();
			cout << "降序已完成！" << endl;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "输入错误，请选择输入1或2！" << endl;
			sort_emp();
		}
	}
}

void WorkerManager::destory_file() {
	if (this->m_fileEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在！" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "是否确定清空文件" << endl;
		cout << "1  确定            2  返回" << endl;
		int choice;
		cin >> choice;

		if (choice == 1)
		{
			ofstream ofs;
			ofs.open(FILENAME, ios::trunc);
			ofs.close();

			if (this->m_worker != NULL)
			{
				for (int i = 0; i < this->m_number; i++) {
					delete this->m_worker[i];
					this->m_worker[i] = NULL;
				}

				delete[] this->m_worker;
				this->m_worker = NULL;
				this->m_number = 0;
				this->m_fileEmpty = true;
			}

			cout << "清空成功！" << endl;
		}
	}

	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

三、完整代码

http://链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1_9_u62McABtwXDRSidbaTA?pwd=8hpo 提取码：8hpo

四、结尾

如有bug，可评论区留言！谢谢！