初识JPA外键关联：指向外部表的主键

1.数据库中定义了外键约束

2.JPA实体类中使用外键关联

外键表（Orders） 对应的实体 Orders，在JPA关系映射中称为“关系的持有者(维护端)”：

private static final long serialVersionUID = -7493069366154086103L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private Double amount;
private Timestamp expires;
private Integer status;
private Timestamp submitTime;
private Integer addressId;


//Useraddress实体被Orders实体引用了,该实体中用来关联的属性（外键）为：addressid
@OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
@JoinColumn(name="addressid", unique=true, nullable=false, updatable=false)
private Useraddress address;


    public Useraddress getAddress() {
          return this.address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Useraddress address) {
        this.address=address;
  }

.....

}

外键指向的表（Useraddress）对应的实体Useraddress，在JPA映射中也称为“非持有端(被维护端)”

@Entity
@Table(name = "useraddress", catalog = "eshop")
public class Useraddress implements java.io.Serializable {


private static final long serialVersionUID = 4093190009799346755L;
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private String name;
private Integer cellphone;
private String province;
private String city;
private String region;
private String address;
private String telCode;
private String zip;
private Orders order;


//Orders引用了Useraddress实体
@OneToOne(optional=false, mappedBy="address")         //该行代码通过mappedBy元素表示关系的持有者(维护端)是User类,而非持有端(被维护端)是      //Contact类,可以解释为由Orders类中的address属性来完成Useraddress类对Orders类的关系映射
public Orders getOrders() {
return this.order;
   }

public void setOrders(Orders order) {
this.order=order;
   }

...

}