STL之迭代器事例三

/*
 联合容器multimap事例，用multimap存储城市区号和名称。
 知识点：
 联合容器，set容器值的类型与关键字相同，map容器值的类型与关键字不同，关键字都是唯一的。
 multimap容器与map相似，只是一个关键字可以与多个值关联。

 程序输出：
 Number of cities with area code 415:2
 Number of cities with area code 718:2
 Number of cities with area code 510:2
 Area Code  City
 415   San Francisco
 415   San Rafael
 510   Oakland
 510   Berkeley
 718   Brooklyn
 718   Staten Island
 Cities with area code 718:
 Brooklyn
 Staten Island
 */
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

typedef int KeyType;
typedef pair<const KeyType, string> MyPair;
typedef multimap<KeyType, string> MapCode;

int main()
{
 MapCode codes;

 codes.insert(MyPair(415, "San Francisco"));
 codes.insert(MyPair(510, "Oakland"));
 codes.insert(MyPair(718, "Brooklyn"));
 codes.insert(MyPair(718, "Staten Island"));
 codes.insert(MyPair(415, "San Rafael"));
 codes.insert(MyPair(510, "Berkeley"));

 cout<< "Number of cities with area code 415:" << codes.count(415) << endl;
 cout<< "Number of cities with area code 718:" << codes.count(718) << endl;
 cout<< "Number of cities with area code 510:" << codes.count(510) << endl;

 cout << "Area Code  City \n";
 MapCode::iterator it;
 for (it = codes.begin(); it != codes.end(); ++it)
 {
  cout << "    " << (*it).first << "   " << (*it).second << endl;
 }

 pair<MapCode::iterator, MapCode::iterator> range = codes.equal_range(718);
 cout << "Cities with area code 718: \n";
 for (it = range.first; it != range.second; ++it)
 {
  cout << (*it).second << endl;
 }

 getchar();
 return 0;
}