RTSP 流相关工具介绍

RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol)，实时流协议，是一种应用层协议，专为流媒体使用。本文将介绍 GStreamer, VLC, FFmpeg 这几个工具，如何发送、接收 RTSP 流。

前提

• Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver)

GStreamer

安装：

sudo apt install libgstreamer1.0-0 gstreamer1.0-plugins-base gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-doc gstreamer1.0-tools gstreamer1.0-x gstreamer1.0-alsa gstreamer1.0-gl gstreamer1.0-gtk3 gstreamer1.0-qt5 gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio

查看所有插件：

# conda deactivate
gst-inspect-1.0 -a

播放 ~/Videos/test.mp4 文件：

gst-launch-1.0 filesrc location=~/Videos/test.mp4 ! decodebin ! autovideosink

播放 /dev/video0 webcam：

gst-launch-1.0 v4l2src device=/dev/video0 \
! video/x-raw, format=YUY2, width=640, height=480, framerate=30/1 \
! autovideosink

/dev/video0 相关信息，可见后文“关于 Webcam”。

GStreamer RTSP Server

编译 test-launch 例子：

sudo apt install libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstrtspserver-1.0

git clone https://github.com/GStreamer/gst-rtsp-server.git

cd gst-rtsp-server/
git checkout 1.18

cd examples/
gcc test-launch.c -o test-launch $(pkg-config --cflags --libs gstreamer-rtsp-server-1.0)

用 test-launch 发送 RTSP 测试流：

$ ./test-launch "videotestsrc ! x264enc ! rtph264pay name=pay0 pt=96"
stream ready at rtsp://127.0.0.1:8554/test

用 gst-launch 接收 RTSP 测试流：

gst-launch-1.0 playbin uri=rtsp://127.0.0.1:8554/test