使用SSH框架实现简单的登录功能

一、准备工作

1.数据库

数据库使用mysql，下载链接https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
安装配置完成后，使用控制台进入mysql，创建数据库ssh_example

2.开发工具

开发工具与环境：MyEclipse2017，jdk1.8，tomcat8.0

二、环境搭建

1.打开MyEclipse，创建web工程ssh_example

点击finish即可

2.导入jar包

jar包下载地址https://pan.baidu.com/s/1pQT91AYImJcX32lXa-lATg 提取码：5zjd
将所有的jar包复制到工程的WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib目录下，并Add to Build Path

接下来就开始写代码了。

三、代码实现

1.创建实体类User和hibernate映射配置文件

首先在src下创建包entity，在此包下创建User.java和User.hbm.xml文件

User.java：

package entity;
public class User {
	private Integer uid;
	private String username;
	private String password;

	public Integer getUid() {
		return uid;
	}

	public void setUid(Integer uid) {
		this.uid = uid;
	}

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [uid=" + uid + ", username=" + username + ", password=" + password + "]";
	}
}

User.hbm.xml:映射文件中配置的是数据库表和实体类User的映射关系

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- 数据库表与实体类的映射配置 -->    
<hibernate-mapping>
	<!-- name:实体类的全路径；table:数据库中的表名 -->
	<class name="entity.User" table="user">
		<!-- id：主键，property：一般属性
			name：实体类中的属性名；column：数据库表的字段名，若不配置则默认与属性名相同 -->
		<id name="uid" column="uid">
			<!-- 主键自增策略 -->
			<generator class="native"></generator>
		</id>
		<property name="username" column="username"></property>
		<property name="password" column="password"></property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

2.创建UserDao类

在src下创建dao包，并在包内创建UserDao.java

UserDao.java:

package dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate;

import entity.User;

public class UserDao {
	private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;
	public void setHibernateTemplate(HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate) {
		this.hibernateTemplate = hibernateTemplate;
	}

	// 添加用户
	public boolean addUser(User user) {
		if(!verifyUsername(user.getUsername())) {
			hibernateTemplate.save(user);
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}
	
	// 验证用户名是否存在
	public boolean verifyUsername(String username) {
		List<User> users = (List<User>) hibernateTemplate.find("from User where username=?", username);
		return users.isEmpty() ? false:true;
	}
	
	// 验证密码是否正确
	public boolean verifyPassword(String username, String password) {
		List queryList = hibernateTemplate.find("select password from User where username=?", username);
		
		return ( queryList.get(0).toString() ).equals(password);
	}
}

3.创建UserService类

在src下创建service包，并在包内创建UserService.java

package service;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import dao.UserDao;
import entity.User;

@Transactional
public class UserService {
	private UserDao userDao;
	public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
		this.userDao = userDao;
	}
	
	public boolean loginVerify(String username, String password) {
		boolean passLogin = false;
		passLogin = userDao.verifyUsername(username);
		if(passLogin) {
			passLogin = userDao.verifyPassword(username, password);
		}
		return passLogin;
	}
	
	public boolean userRegister(String username, String password) {
		User user = new User();
		user.setUsername(username);
		user.setPassword(password);
		return userDao.addUser(user);
	}
}

4.创建action类

由于需要实现登录和注册两个功能，所以编写两个action类LoginActon和RegisterAction，分别实现登录和注册功能
在src下创建action包，并在此包内创建LoginAction.java和RegisterAction两个类

LoginAction.java

package action;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

import entity.User;
import service.UserService;

public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport implements SessionAware {
	private UserService userService;
	private String username;
	private String password;
	
	 private Map session;  
    public void setSession(Map session) {  
        this.session = session;  
    }  
	
	public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
		this.userService = userService;
	}
	
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	public void validate() {
		super.clearErrorsAndMessages();
		if("".equals(username)) {
			super.addActionError("用户名不能为空！");
		}
		if("".equals(password)) {
			super.addActionError("密码不能为空！");
		}
	}
	
	public String execute() {
		if(userService.loginVerify(username, password)){
			User user = new User();
			user.setUsername(username);
			user.setPassword(password);
			session.put("user", user);
			return "success";
		} else {
			super.addActionError("登录失败！");
			return INPUT;
		}
	}
}

RegisterAction.java

package action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

import service.UserService;

public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
	private UserService userService;

	public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
		this.userService = userService;
	}
	
	private String username;
	private String password;

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	
	public void validate() {
		super.clearErrorsAndMessages();
		if("".equals(username)) {
			super.addActionError("用户名不能为空！");
		}
		if("".equals(password)) {
			super.addActionError("密码不能为空！");
		}
	}
	
	public String execute() {
		if(userService.userRegister(username, password)) {
			super.addActionMessage("注册成功！");
		} else {
			super.addActionError("注册失败,该用户名已存在！");
		}
		return "success";
	}
}

5.创建并编写相关配置文件

（1）log4j配置文件
工程需要使用log4j作为日志输出工具，故需要log4j的配置文件
在src下创建log4j.properties文件，内容如下：

#log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] -%m%n

（2）struts2的配置文件
在src下创建struts.xml文件，注册action，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="demo" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
		<!-- class属性中不写action的路径，因为在spring已经配置过了，应该写spring中bean的id -->
		<action name="loginAction" class="loginAction">
			<result name="success">/loginSuccess.jsp</result>
			<result name="input">/login.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<action name="registerAction" class="registerAction">
			<result name="success">/register.jsp</result>
			<result name="input">/register.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

（3）hibernate核心配置文件
在该例中将hibernate核心配置文件中的配置写在了下面的spring配置文件中
（4）spring的配置文件
spring配置文件起到了整合struts2和hibernate的重要作用
在src目录下创建spring配置文件applicationContext.xml，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    
    <!-- 数据源的配置，使用C3P0连接池，用户名和密码需要根据实际情况配置 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    	<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
    	<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssh_example"></property>
    	<property name="user" value="root"></property>
    	<property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    	<!-- hibernate核心配置 -->
    	<property name="hibernateProperties">
    		<props>
	    		<!-- 是否需要打印sql语句 -->
    			<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
    			<!-- 是否对打印的sql语句进行格式化（容易阅读） -->
    			<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
    			<!-- 是否自动创建表，update:若表存在则更新，不存在则自动创建 -->
    			<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
    		</props>
    	</property>
    	<!-- hibernate映射文件的引入 -->
    	<property name="mappingResources">
    		<list>
    			<value>entity/User.hbm.xml</value>
    		</list>
    	</property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
    	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 开启事务注解 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
    
	<!-- 配置hibernateTemplate -->
    <bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate">
    	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 管理struts2的action对象，scope="prototype"表示多例 -->
    <bean id="loginAction" class="action.LoginAction" scope="prototype">
    	<property name="userService" ref="userService"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="registerAction" class="action.RegisterAction" scope="prototype">
    	<property name="userService" ref="userService"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="userService" class="service.UserService">
    	<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="userDao" class="dao.UserDao">
    	<property name="hibernateTemplate" ref="hibernateTemplate"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

（5）web.xml配置
在WebRoot/WEB-INF目录下创建web.xml文件，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>ssh_example</display-name>
  
  <!-- 指定spring配置文件的路径 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  
  <!-- struts2核心过滤器 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <!-- context监听器的配置，此监听器会监听到servletContext对象的创建，然后加载spring配置文件，创建spring配置文件中声明的对象，并保存到servletContext容器中去  -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

6.前台界面

最后就是编写简单的前台界面，与后台进行交互
需要的界面由登陆界面，注册界面和登录成功的界面
在WebRoot目录下分别创建login.jsp，register.jsp和loginSuccess.jsp三个jsp文件，内容如下：
（1）login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>login page</title>
  </head>
  <body>
  	<h3>登录</h3>
  	<span style="color:red"><s:actionerror/></span>
  	<form method="post" action="<%=path%>/loginAction.action">
	    <span>用户名：</span><input type="text" name="username" value="${username}"/><br/>
	    <span>密码&nbsp：</span><input type="text" name="password" value="${password}"/><br/>
	    <input type="submit" style="height:25px;width:237px" value="登录" />
    </form>
    <a href="<%=path%>/register.jsp">注册页面</a>
  </body>
</html>

（2）register.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>register page</title>
  </head>
  <body>
  	<h3>注册</h3>
  	<s:actionmessage/>
  	<span style="color:red"><s:actionerror/></span>
    <form method="post" action="<%=path%>/registerAction.action">
	    <span>用户名：</span><input type="text" name="username" value="${username}"/><br/>
	    <span>密码&nbsp：</span><input type="text" name="password" value="${password}"/><br/>
	    <input type="submit" style="height:25px;width:237px" value="注册" />
    </form>
    <a href="<%=path%>/login.jsp">登录页面</a>
  </body>
</html>

（3）loginSuccess.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>login success page</title>
  </head>
  <body>
  	<h1>登录成功！</h1>
  	<h3>当前登录用户为：<s:property value="#session.user.username" /></h3>
  </body>
</html>

整个工程的目录结构：

四、部署测试

代码终于编写完了，现在开始部署工程，测试功能有没有实现吧！

部署工程后启动tomcat服务器，在浏览器的地址栏输入http://localhost:8080/ssh_example，回车就进入了下面的界面

然后点击注册页面先去注册一个账号吧

注册成功后再进入登陆页面，输入刚才注册的用户名和密码，点击登陆，如果出现下面的界面就表示大功告成了

注：如果要使密码栏不可见，只需修改jsp中密码的input标签即可

<span>密码&nbsp：</span><input type="password" 
name="password" value="${password}" /><br/>

最后附上整个工程的代码链接：

https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qZQ2jmc，密码：zh4k