SyntaxError: Cannot use import statement outside a module

(node:24300) Warning: To load an ES module, set "type": "module" in the package.json or use the .mjs extension.
(Use `node --trace-warnings ...` to show where the warning was created)

import fs from 'fs';
^^^^^^

SyntaxError: Cannot use import statement outside a module
    at wrapSafe (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:979:16)
    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1027:27)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1092:10)
    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:928:32)
    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:769:14)
    at Function.executeUserEntryPoint [as runMain] (internal/modules/run_main.js:72:12)
    at internal/main/run_main_module.js:17:47
[nodemon] app crashed - waiting for file changes before starting...

如运行node项目时出现如下错误，提示和网上的结果是再package.json 文件里加上"type": "module", 因为node 默认是CommonJS 模块管理的， 然后后等你使用了type: module时，它又出现

require is not defined

node 默认的require导入格式被type: module冲突了

所以 ，同时使用 import 和require 两种模块管理模式的正确方式应该是使用，Babel 插件转换

https://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2016/01/babel.html 阮一峰老师的博客babel入门教程

在package.json 文件中添加如下依赖

 "@babel/core": "^7.19.3",
 "@babel/plugin-proposal-decorators": "^7.19.3",
  "@babel/register": "^7.18.9",
  "babel-preset-env": "^1.7.0",

在.babelrc 文件中添加如下规则

{
  "presets": [
    ["env", {"targets": {"node": "current"}}]
  ],
  "plugins": [
    ["@babel/plugin-proposal-decorators", { "legacy": true }]
  ]
}

然后遇到什么奇奇怪怪的问题就在网上使劲 搜索，因为历史总是如此相似。