centos7部署mysql

方式1：

# 解压
tar zxvf mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
​
# 安装
mv mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
passwd mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
​
# 初始化数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysqld --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
​
# 添加命令
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/
​
# 添加配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
---[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
#设置3306端口
port = 3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M
---
​
# 添加到系统服务
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
​
# 启动
systemctl start mysqld
​
# 修改密码
mysql> set PASSWORD=PASSWORD("admin123");
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
​
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
​
# 添加远程访问权限
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
​
Database changed
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
​
# 重启生效
systemctl restart mysqld
​
# 查看版本
mysql -V
方式二：

环境准备：

1. 数据库下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
2. 创建cd /data/mysql文件夹，并把下载好的数据库包上传到该目录下
3. 先查看一下是否已经安装了，命令：rpm -qa|grep mariadb
4. 删除mariadb，命令：rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

1. 解压数据库压缩包：mysql-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

tar -xf mysql-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

1. 安装依赖包：

yum install perl.x86_64 perl-devel.x86_64 -y  --downloadonly --downloaddir=/data/mysql/ylb
yum install perl-JSON.noarch -y  --downloadonly --downloaddir=/data/mysql/ylb
yum -y install autoconf -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/data/mysql/ylb
yum -y install net-tools -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/data/mysql/ylb
yum install libaio -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/data/mysql/ylb
yum -y install numactl -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/data/mysql/ylb
或
rpm -ivh *rpm --nodeps --force

1. 安装数据库

【必须安装】
rpm -ivh mysql-community-   common-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
【非必须安装】
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-test-8.0.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

1. 创建mysql用户和组

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

1. 查看服务状态

systemctl status mysqld #查看mysql状态

1. 停止mysql服务

service mysqld stop     #停止mysql服务

1. 初始化数据库

mysqld --initialize --console --lower-case-table-names=1

1. 目录授权

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/

1. 启动mysql服务

systemctl start mysqld

1. 查看临时密码：

cat /var/log/mysqld.log

1. 用临时密码登录数据库

mysql -u root -p 

1. 修改mysql密码

alter USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'TJ5846@9090';

1. 授权远程连接

show databases;                                              #展示数据库
use mysql;                                                   #登录数据库
select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;  #查看权限
update user set host = "%" where user='root';                #更改远程连接权限
flush privileges;                                             #刷新配置
alter USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'TJ5846@9090';

遇到的问题：

1：本地连接时报一下错误

解决办法：

1、通过find / -name mysql.sock
2、查询到结果，做一个软链接到/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock目录下即可解决问题
ln -s /data/mysql/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock