hibernate 关联映射 一对多 和 多对一

部门与员工

        一个部门有多个员工;       【一对多】

        多个员工，属于一个部门    【多对一】

1、创建javaProject

2、添加jar包

antlr-2.7.6.jar
c3p0-0.9.1.2.jar
commons-collections-3.1.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
hibernate3.jar
javassist-3.12.0.GA.jar
jta-1.1.jar
mysql-connector-java-5.1.12-bin.jar
slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar

3、创建hibernate.cfg.xml文件

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
	<!-- 通常，一个session-factory节点代表一个数据库 -->
	<session-factory>
	
		<!-- 1. 数据库连接配置 -->
		<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///TEST</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.password">123456</property>
		<!-- 
			数据库方法配置， hibernate在运行的时候，会根据不同的方言生成符合当前数据库语法的sql
		 -->
		<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
		
		
		<!-- 2. 其他相关配置 -->
		<!-- 2.1 显示hibernate在运行时候执行的sql语句 -->
		<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
		<!-- 2.2 格式化sql
		<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>  -->
		<!-- 2.3 自动建表  -->
		<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
		
		
		<!-- 3. 加载所有映射 
		<mapping resource="cn/itcast/a_hello/Employee.hbm.xml"/>
		-->
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

4、创建实体类

Dept.java

public class Dept {
	private int deptId;
	private String deptName;
	private Set<Employee> emps = new HashSet<Employee>();
	public int getDeptId() {
		return deptId;
	}
	public void setDeptId(int deptId) {
		this.deptId = deptId;
	}
	public String getDeptName() {
		return deptName;
	}
	public void setDeptName(String deptName) {
		this.deptName = deptName;
	}
	public Set<Employee> getEmps() {
		return emps;
	}
	public void setEmps(Set<Employee> emps) {
		this.emps = emps;
	}
	
}

Dept.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="onetomany.one">
	
	<class name="Dept" table="t_dept">
		<id name="deptId">
			<generator class="native"></generator>
		</id>	
		<property name="deptName" length="20"></property>
		
		<!-- 
			一对多关联映射配置  （通过部门管理到员工）
			Dept 映射关键点：
			1.  指定 映射的集合属性： "emps"
			2.  集合属性对应的集合表： "t_employee"
			3.  集合表的外键字段   "t_employee. dept_id"
			4.  集合元素的类型
			
			inverse=false  set集合映射的默认值； 表示有控制权
		 -->
		 <set name="emps"  table="t_employee" >   <!-- table="t_employee" -->
		 	 <key column="dept_id"></key>
		 	 <one-to-many class="Employee"/>
		 </set>
		 
		 
	</class>
	

</hibernate-mapping>

Employee.java

public class Employee {
	 private int empId;
	 private String empName;
	 private double salary;
	 private Dept dept;
	public int getEmpId() {
		return empId;
	}
	public void setEmpId(int empId) {
		this.empId = empId;
	}
	public String getEmpName() {
		return empName;
	}
	public void setEmpName(String empName) {
		this.empName = empName;
	}
	public double getSalary() {
		return salary;
	}
	public void setSalary(double salary) {
		this.salary = salary;
	}
	public Dept getDept() {
		return dept;
	}
	public void setDept(Dept dept) {
		this.dept = dept;
	}
	 
}

Employee.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="onetomany.one">
    
    <class name="Employee" table="t_employee">
        <id name="empId">
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>    
        <property name="empName" length="20"></property>
        <property name="salary" type="double"></property>
        
        <!--
            多对一映射配置
            Employee 映射关键点：
            1.  映射的部门属性  ：  dept
            2.  映射的部门属性，对应的外键字段: dept_id
            3.  部门的类型
         -->
         <many-to-one name="dept" column="dept_id" class="Dept"></many-to-one>
        
    </class>
    

</hibernate-mapping>

5、创建测试类

public class testSave {
    private static SessionFactory sf;
    static{
        sf = new Configuration()
            .configure()
            .addClass(Dept.class)
            .addClass(Employee.class)
            .buildSessionFactory();
    }
    @Test
    public void testSaveData() throws Exception {
        Session session = sf.openSession();
        session.beginTransaction();
        
        Dept dept = new Dept();
        dept.setDeptName("应用技术部");
        Employee emp1 = new Employee();
        emp1.setEmpName("hahah");
        Employee emp2 = new Employee();
        emp2.setEmpName("hahah");
        dept.getEmps().add(emp1);
        dept.getEmps().add(emp2);
        
        session.save(dept);
        session.save(emp1);
        session.save(emp2);
        
        session.getTransaction().commit();
        session.close();
    }
}

数据库中需要创建：

table:    t_dept   (

   deptId int

    deptName varchar

)

t_employee (

   empId int

    empName varchar

    salary  varchar

    dept_id int  (关联外键)

)