SVN的revert和update命令的区别

svn中的revert和update


今天有人问到revert和update的问题。
刚开始还真被问住了。
因为感觉revert和update都可以将本地的copy更新到以前的一个版本，会有什么不同呢？


查了些资料，并做了个试验，终于发现了它们的不同。


假设当前最新的版本是6，但是，最新的一次提交不是你想要的，也就是想把版本为6的修改干掉
下面来看看如何分辨用revert和update来实现。


1、使用revert
保证本地copy为最新版本，即版本6.
将本地copy revert到版本5.
将本地copy commit。


2、使用update
将本地copy update到版本5.
这个时候是没办法直接提交的，因为你的修改不是在最新的版本(6)上进行的。
需要把版本5做个备份，然后check out版本6.
通过文件比较工具将版本6的本地copy修改为与版本5的本地copy一致。
然后将版本6的本地copy提交。


可见，revert与update的本质区别是，
revert是在本地copy原来版本的基础上进行的修改，若原来本地copy的版本为最新，可以直接commit；
update只是将本地copy更新到一个指定的版本，若更新到的不是最新版本，不能进行commit。


可见revert就是回退修改，但版本保持不变；update是将本地copy更新到一个指定的版本。


看看帮助文档中的说明。


[revert]
revert: Restore pristine working copy file (undo most local edits).
usage: revert PATH...


  Note:  this subcommand does not require network access, and resolves
  any conflicted states.  However, it does not restore removed directories.
  
[update]
update (up): Bring changes from the repository into the working copy.
usage: update [PATH...]


  If no revision is given, bring working copy up-to-date with HEAD rev.
  Else synchronize working copy to revision given by -r.


  For each updated item a line will start with a character reporting the
  action taken.  These characters have the following meaning:


    A  Added
    D  Deleted
    U  Updated
    C  Conflict
    G  Merged
    E  Existed


  A character in the first column signifies an update to the actual file,
  while updates to the file's properties are shown in the second column.
  A 'B' in the third column signifies that the lock for the file has
  been broken or stolen.


  If --force is used, unversioned obstructing paths in the working
  copy do not automatically cause a failure if the update attempts to
  add the same path.  If the obstructing path is the same type (file
  or directory) as the corresponding path in the repository it becomes
  versioned but its contents are left 'as-is' in the working copy.
  This means that an obstructing directory's unversioned children may
  also obstruct and become versioned.  For files, any content differences
  between the obstruction and the repository are treated like a local
  modification to the working copy.  All properties from the repository
  are applied to the obstructing path.  Obstructing paths are reported
  in the first column with code 'E'.


  Use the --set-depth option to set a new working copy depth on the
  targets of this operation.