mysql 事物概念

在数据库中，事物有一下四个属性，凡是具有这四个属性，都可以称之为事物

ACID

A:原子性，执行事物的逻辑成为一个单一的单元，不能只执行其中的一部分。要么都执行，要么都不执行

C:一致性，在事物处理执行前后，数据库是一致的(数据库数据完整性约束)

I:隔离性, 一个事物处理对另一个事物处理的影响。mysql隔离的四个等级

-Serializable

-repeatable read

-read committed

-read uncommitted

事物隔离级别

	脏读	不可重复读	幻读
read uncommitted	Y	Y	Y
read committed	N	Y	Y
repeatable read	N	N	Y
serializable	N	N	N

D:持续性,事物的处理能够永久的保存下来。

java中的几个方法：

 connection.setAutoCommit(false);//打开事务，默认情况下，每个sql语句执行完后会自动提交
connection.rollback();//回滚事务,
     SavePoint sp = null;
     sp = connection.setSavepoint();//创建一个回滚保存点
     connection.rollback(sp);//回滚部分
connection.commit();//提交事务，在提交前，所有sql语句是一个原子性操作，要么都成功，要么都失败

//提交回滚code example

package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Savepoint;
import java.sql.Statement;

/**
 * 
 * 2008-12-7
 * 
 */
public class SavePointTest {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
		test();
	}

	static void test() throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		Savepoint sp = null;
		try {
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			conn.setAutoCommit(false);			
			st = conn.createStatement();
			String sql = "update user set money=money-10 where id=1";
			st.executeUpdate(sql);
			sp = conn.setSavepoint();

			sql = "update user set money=money-10 where id=3";
			st.executeUpdate(sql);

			sql = "select money from user where id=2";
			rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
			float money = 0.0f;
			if (rs.next()) {
				money = rs.getFloat("money");
			}
			if (money > 300)
				throw new RuntimeException("已经超过最大值！");

			sql = "update user set money=money+10 where id=2";
			st.executeUpdate(sql);

			conn.commit();
		} catch (RuntimeException e) {
			if (conn != null && sp != null) {
				conn.rollback(sp);
				conn.commit();
			}
			throw e;
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			if (conn != null)
				conn.rollback();
			throw e;
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, st, conn);
		}
	}
}

//隔离级别code example

package cn.itcast.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

/**
 * 
 * 2008-12-7
 */
public class TxTest {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
		test();
	}

	static void test() throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement st = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
			conn.setAutoCommit(false);
			conn.setTransactionIsolation(Connection.TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED);
			
			st = conn.createStatement();
			String sql = "update user set money=money-10 where id=1";
			st.executeUpdate(sql);

			sql = "select money from user where id=2";
			rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
			float money = 0.0f;
			if (rs.next()) {
				money = rs.getFloat("money");
			}
			if (money > 400)
				throw new RuntimeException("已经超过最大值！");
			sql = "update user set money=money+10 where id=2";
			st.executeUpdate(sql);
			conn.commit();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			if (conn != null)
				conn.rollback();
			throw e;
		} finally {
			JdbcUtils.free(rs, st, conn);
		}
	}
}