asp.Net中Gridview动态创建模板列

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-10 11:05:57 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-09-10 11:05:57 发布

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转自：http://blog.csdn.net/chinajiyong/article/details/7242175

Web中有时候数据源字段不确定，需要在绑定后添加新的字段，有没有方法了？方法是有的：之前也在网上搜索过，找到了一些方法，通过模板列可以实现。这里借鉴一下，自己亲自试验了一下，达到了想要的效果。

Gridview动态添加模板列，下面就添加一空白列作为示例。

前台代码：

[csharp] view plain copy

<span style="font-size:16px;"><%@ Page Language="C#" EnableEventValidation="false" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm3.aspx.cs"
Inherits="WebApplication1.WebForm3" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>无标题页</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
</div>
<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False">
<Columns>
<asp:BoundField DataField="SID" HeaderText="学生ID" ReadOnly="True" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="SName" HeaderText="姓名" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="SAge" HeaderText="年龄" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="SSex" HeaderText="性别" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="SCollege" HeaderText="所属学院" />
<asp:CommandField HeaderText="选择" ShowSelectButton="True" />
</Columns>
</asp:GridView>
<br />
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClick="Button1_Click" />
</form>
</body>
</html></span><span style="font-size: 24px;">
</span>

后台绑定数据库数据代码如下：

[csharp] view plain copy

public static string ConnectionString = @"Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=StudentMSG;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Password=sa";
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (!IsPostBack)
{
BindData();
}
}
private void BindData()
{
// make the query
string query = "SELECT * FROM Stable";
SqlConnection myConnection = new SqlConnection(ConnectionString);
SqlDataAdapter ad = new SqlDataAdapter(query, myConnection);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ad.Fill(ds, "Stable");
GridView1.DataSource = ds;
GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string[] { "SID" };//主键
GridView1.DataBind();
}

显示的界面如下：

那么，怎添加一列呢？？动态添加列，关键是实现 ITemplate.InstantiateIn 方法。下面就自定义一个GridViewTemplate

[csharp] view plain copy

public class GridViewTemplate : ITemplate
{
public delegate void EventHandler(object sender, EventArgs e);
public event EventHandler eh;
private DataControlRowType templateType;
private string columnName;
private string controlID;
public GridViewTemplate(DataControlRowType type, string colname)
{
templateType = type;
columnName = colname;
}
public GridViewTemplate(DataControlRowType type, string controlID, string colname)
{
templateType = type;
this.controlID = controlID;
columnName = colname;
}
public void InstantiateIn(System.Web.UI.Control container)
{
switch (templateType)
{
case DataControlRowType.Header:
Literal lc = new Literal();
lc.Text = columnName;
container.Controls.Add(lc);
break;
case DataControlRowType.DataRow://可以定义自己想显示的控件以及绑定事件
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}

GridView模板定义好了。现在就可以添加新列，重写OnInit，代码如下：

[csharp] view plain copy

protected override void OnInit(EventArgs e)
{
TemplateField customField = new TemplateField();
customField.ShowHeader = true;
customField.HeaderTemplate = new GridViewTemplate(DataControlRowType.Header, "添加行");//添加的列标题
GridViewTemplate gvt = new GridViewTemplate(DataControlRowType.DataRow, "");//空白列
customField.ItemTemplate = gvt;
GridView1.Columns.Add(customField);
base.OnInit(e);
}

到此就可以显示新添加的列了。效果如下:

因为之前遇到这样的问题：Gridview在绑定数据源后，发觉要添加新字段，即添加一列数据，而且要导出到Excel。按照一般的添加之后，导出Excel后发觉新添加的那列数据似乎并没有导出到Excel。如果用模板列的话，就可以解决上述的问题。

导出Excel代码如下：

[csharp] view plain copy

protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (GridView1 != null)
{
Response.Clear();
Response.Buffer = true;
Response.Charset = "GB2312";
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode("订卷统计") + ".xls");
// 如果设置为 GetEncoding("GB2312");导出的文件将会出现乱码！！！
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF7;
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";//设置输出文件类型为excel文件。
System.IO.StringWriter oStringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter();
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter oHtmlTextWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(oStringWriter);
this.GridView1.RenderControl(oHtmlTextWriter);
Response.Output.Write(oStringWriter.ToString());
Response.Flush();
Response.End();
}
else
{
this.Response.Write("<script language=javascript>alert('没有符合条件的记录！')</script>");
}
}
public override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)
{
// Confirms that an HtmlForm control is rendered for
}

如上述添加空白列后导出Excel截图如下：

叙述完毕,本文参考文章：GridView动态添加模板列，里面有对事件处理。值得参考

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