Zookeeper集群搭建详细步骤

Zookeeper集群搭建

1.1 搭建要求

真实的集群是需要部署在不同的服务器上的,但是在我们测试时同时启动很多个虚拟机内存会吃不消,所以我们通常会搭建伪集群,也就是把所有的服务都搭建在一台虚拟机上,用端口进行区分。

我们这里要求搭建一个三个节点的Zookeeper集群(伪集群)。

1.2 准备工作

需要一台Linux虚拟机作为搭建集群的测试服务器。

(1)Zookeeper压缩包上传到服务器

前面已经写过Zookeeper详细安装步骤,这里就不在写了

(2)将Zookeeper解压 ,

建立/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster目录,将解压后的Zookeeper复制到以下三个目录
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3
# 创建集群目录zookeeper-cluster
[root@rhel ~]# mkdir /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster

[root@rhel local]# cp -r apache-zookeeper-3.6.4-bin /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1
[root@rhel local]# cp -r apache-zookeeper-3.6.4-bin /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2
[root@rhel local]# cp -r apache-zookeeper-3.6.4-bin /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3

(3)创建data目录 ,并且将 conf下zoo_sample.cfg 文件改名为 zoo.cfg

mkdir /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/data
mkdir /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/data
mkdir /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/data

mv  /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/conf/zoo_sample.cfg  /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/conf/zoo.cfg
mv  /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/conf/zoo_sample.cfg  /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/conf/zoo.cfg
mv  /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/conf/zoo_sample.cfg  /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/conf/zoo.cfg

(4) 配置每一个Zookeeper 的dataDir 和 clientPort 分别为2181 2182 2183

vim /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/conf/zoo.cfg
#修改/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/conf/zoo.cfg
[root@rhel zookeeper-cluster]# vim zookeeper-1/conf/zoo.cfg 

clientPort=2181
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/data

#修改/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/conf/zoo.cfg
[root@rhel zookeeper-cluster]# vim zookeeper-2/conf/zoo.cfg 

clientPort=2182
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/data

#修改/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/conf/zoo.cfg
[root@rhel zookeeper-cluster]# vim zookeeper-3/conf/zoo.cfg 

clientPort=2183
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/data

1.3 配置集群

(1)在每个zookeeper的 data 目录下创建一个 myid 文件,内容分别是1、2、3 。这个文件就是记录每个服务器的ID

echo 1 >/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/data/myid
echo 2 >/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/data/myid
echo 3 >/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/data/myid

(2)在每一个zookeeper 的 zoo.cfg配置客户端访问端口(clientPort)和集群服务器IP列表。

集群服务器IP列表如下:

vim /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/conf/zoo.cfg
vim /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/conf/zoo.cfg
vim /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/conf/zoo.cfg

server.1=192.168.45.88:2881:3881
server.2=192.168.45.88:2882:3882
server.3=192.168.45.88:2883:3883

#解释:server.服务器ID=服务器IP地址:服务器之间通信端口:服务器之间投票选举端口

1.4 启动集群

启动集群就是分别启动每个实例。

/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh start
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh start
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh start

# 启动效果如下:
[root@rhel zookeeper-cluster]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@rhel zookeeper-cluster]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@rhel zookeeper-cluster]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED

启动后我们查询一下每个实例的运行状态

/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh status

#测试效果
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2183. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: follower
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2182. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: leader
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: follower

1.5 模拟集群异常

(1)首先我们先测试如果是从服务器挂掉,会怎么样

把3号服务器停掉,观察1号和2号,发现状态并没有变化

/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh stop

/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh status

#测试效果
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh stop
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Stopping zookeeper ... STOPPED
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: follower
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2182. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: leader

由此得出结论,3个节点的集群,从服务器挂掉,集群正常

(2)我们再把1号服务器(从服务器)也停掉,查看2号(主服务器)的状态,发现已经停止运行了。

/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh stop
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh status

#测试效果
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh stop
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Stopping zookeeper ... STOPPED
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2182. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Error contacting service. It is probably not running.

由此得出结论,3个节点的集群,2个从服务器都挂掉,主服务器也无法运行。因为可运行的机器没有超过集群总数量的半数。

(3)我们再次把1号服务器启动起来,发现2号服务器又开始正常工作了。而且依然是领导者。

/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh start
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh status

#测试效果
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2182. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: leader

(4)我们把3号服务器也启动起来,把2号服务器停掉,停掉后观察1号和3号的状态。

/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh start
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh stop

/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh status

#测试效果
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh stop
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Stopping zookeeper ... STOPPED
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-1/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: follower
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2183. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: leader

发现新的leader产生了~

由此我们得出结论,当集群中的主服务器挂了,集群中的其他服务器会自动进行选举状态,然后产生新得leader

(5)我们再次测试,当我们把2号服务器重新启动起来启动后,会发生什么?2号服务器会再次成为新的领导吗?我们看结果

/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh start

/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh status

#测试效果
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2182. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: follower
[root@rhel ~]# /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-cluster/zookeeper-3/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2183. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: leader

我们会发现,2号服务器启动后依然是跟随者(从服务器),3号服务器依然是领导者(主服务器),没有撼动3号服务器的领导地位。

由此我们得出结论,当领导者产生后,再次有新服务器加入集群,不会影响到现任领导者。

小结

zookeeper的安装和集群搭建,不复杂,但是需要上手实际操作,集群搭建时容易出错,这里需要注意,不操作可能不知道,主要是遇到问题,分析问题,是什么?为什么?从哪里入手?怎么改?下次怎么避免?

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