C++学习一（面向对象的引入）

/*写一个程序，输出张三、李四两个人的姓名、年龄*/

/*利用变量存储*/

person1.c

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
    char *zs_name = "zhangsan";
    int zs_age = 18;

    char *ls_name = "lisi";
    int ls_age = 16;

    printf("name = %s, age = %d\n", zs_name, zs_age);
    printf("name = %s, age = %d\n", ls_name , ls_age );

    return 0;
}

/*利用数组存储*/

person2.c

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
    char *names[] = {"zhangsan", "lisi"};
    int ages[] = {10, 16};  
    /*如果还有职业还要加数组吗？*/  
    char *work[] = {"teacher", "doctor"};

    int i;

    for(i=0; i<2; i++)
    {
        printf("name = %s\n, age = %d\n", names[i], ages[i]);
    }

    return 0;
}

/*利用结构体存储*/

person3.c 

#include <stdio.h>

struct person
{
    char *name;
    int age;
    char *work;
};



int main(void)
{
    struct person persons[] = 
                        {{"zhangsan", 20, "teacher"}, 
                       {"lisi", 16, "doctor}};
   
    int i;

    for(i=0; i<2; i++)
    {
        printf("name = %s\n, age = %d\n", persons[i].name, persons[i].age, persons[i].work);
    }

    return 0;
}

 

/*结构体中内嵌函数指针，属性加方法*/

person4.c

#include <stdio.h>

struct person
{
    char *name;
    int age;
    char *work;
    
    void (*printinfo)(struct person *per);
};

void printInfo(struct person *per)
{
    printf("name = %s\n age = %d\n work = %s\n", per->name, per->age, per->work);
}


int main(void)
{
    struct person persons[] = 
                        {{"zhangsan", 20, "teacher", printInfo}, 
                       {"lisi", 16, "doctor", printInfo}};
   
    persons[0].printinfo(&persons[0]);
    persons[1].printinfo(&persons[1]);

    return 0;
}

 

/*用c++的方法，引入类，在类中直接写函数*/

#include <stdio.h>

class person
{
public:
    char *name;
    int age;
    char *work;
    
    void printInfo(void)
    {
        printf("name = %s\n age = %d\n work = %s\n", name, age, work);
    }

};



int main(void)
{
    struct person persons[] = 
                        {{"zhangsan", 20, "teacher"}, 
                       {"lisi", 16, "doctor"}};
   
    persons[0].printinfo();
    persons[1].printinfo();

    return 0;
}

 

 总结：面向对象的三大思想：封装、继承、多态。

可以在类中直接写函数，但是在类中的函数和属性都要加权限private或者public

要打印一个人的信息，首先要把这个人想象成一个对象，这个对象有很多属性。然后打印就是操作这个对象的属性。