spring2.08 和quartz1.60 实现定时器功能

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wmj2003

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-22 22:18:52 发布

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分类专栏： spring 文章标签： quartz spring bean character cron 日历

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd"> <beans>  <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">  <property name="autoStartup"> <value>true</value> </property> <property name="triggers"> <list> <ref bean="jssyTaskTrigger"/>  </list> </property> </bean>  <bean id="jssyTaskTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean"> <property name="jobDetail"> <ref bean="jssyJobDetail"/> </property> <property name="cronExpression">  <value>0 1/5 * * * ?</value> </property> </bean>  <bean id="jssyJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean"> <property name="targetObject"><ref bean="jssyJob"/></property> <property name="targetMethod"><value>execute</value></property> <property name="concurrent" value="false"/>  </bean>  <bean id="jssyJob" class="com.gongjian.timer.JssyDataJob"> <property name="labServiceDao" ref="labServiceDao" /> <property name="jyrwServiceDao" ref="jyrwServiceDao" /> <property name="jssyjgServiceDao" ref="jssyjgServiceDao" /> </bean> </beans>

quartz 使用cron 表达式，详解如下：（中英文）

quartz cron 表达式详解

字段         允许值               允许的特殊字符
秒           0-59                 , - * /
分           0-59                 , - * /
小时         0-23                 , - * /
日期         1-31                 , - * ? / L W C
月份         1-12 或者 JAN-DEC    , - * /
星期         1-7 或者 SUN-SAT     , - * ? / L C #
年（可选）   留空, 1970-2099      , - * /

“*”字符被用来指定所有的值。如：”*“在分钟的字段域里表示“每分钟”。
“?”字符只在日期域和星期域中使用。它被用来指定“非明确的值”。当你需要通过在这两个域中的一个来指定一些东西的时候，它是有用的。看下面的例子你就会明白。
月份中的日期和星期中的日期这两个元素时互斥的一起应该通过设置一个问号(?)来表明不想设置那个字段。

“-”字符被用来指定一个范围。如：“10-12”在小时域意味着“10点、11点、12点”。

“,”字符被用来指定另外的值。如：“MON,WED,FRI”在星期域里表示”星期一、星期三、星期五”。

“/”字符用于指定增量。如：“0/15”在秒域意思是每分钟的0，15，30和45秒。“5/15”在分钟域表示每小时的5，20，35 和50。符号“*”在“/”前面（如：*/10）等价于0在“/”前面（如：0/10）。记住一条本质：表达式的每个数值域都是一个有最大值和最小值的集合，如：秒域和分钟域的集合是0-59，日期域是1-31，月份域是1-12。字符“/”可以帮助你在每个字符域中取相应的数值。如：“7/6”在月份域的时候只有当7月的时候才会触发，并不是表示每个6月。

L是‘last’的省略写法可以表示day-of-month和day-of-week域，但在两个字段中的意思不同，例如day- of-month域中表示一个月的最后一天。如果在day-of-week域表示‘7’或者‘SAT’，如果在day-of-week域中前面加上数字，它表示一个月的最后几天，例如‘6L’就表示一个月的最后一个星期五。

字符“W”只允许日期域出现。这个字符用于指定日期的最近工作日。例如：如果你在日期域中写 “15W”，表示：这个月15号最近的工作日。所以，如果15号是周六，则任务会在14号触发。如果15好是周日，则任务会在周一也就是16号触发。如果是在日期域填写“1W”即使1号是周六，那么任务也只会在下周一，也就是3号触发，“W”字符指定的最近工作日是不能够跨月份的。字符“W”只能配合一个单独的数值使用，不能够是一个数字段，如：1-15W是错误的。

“L”和“W”可以在日期域中联合使用，LW表示这个月最后一周的工作日。

字符“#”只允许在星期域中出现。这个字符用于指定本月的某某天。例如：“6#3”表示本月第三周的星期五（6表示星期五，3表示第三周）。“2#1”表示本月第一周的星期一。“4#5”表示第五周的星期三。

字符“C”允许在日期域和星期域出现。这个字符依靠一个指定的“日历”。也就是说这个表达式的值依赖于相关的“日历”的计算结果，如果没有 “日历”关联，则等价于所有包含的“日历”。如：日期域是“5C”表示关联“日历”中第一天，或者这个月开始的第一天的后5天。星期域是“1C”表示关联 “日历”中第一天，或者星期的第一天的后1天，也就是周日的后一天（周一）。

表达式举例：

"0 0 12 * * ?"         每天中午12点触发
"0 15 10 ? * *"        每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ?"        每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ? *"      每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ? 2005"   2005年的每天上午10:15触发
"0 * 14 * * ?"         在每天下午2点到下午2:59期间的每1分钟触发
"0 0/5 14 * * ?"       在每天下午2点到下午2:55期间的每5分钟触发
"0 0/5 14,18 * * ?"    在每天下午2点到2:55期间和下午6点到6:55期间的每5分钟触发
"0 0-5 14 * * ?"       在每天下午2点到下午2:05期间的每1分钟触发
"0 10,44 14 ? 3 WED"   每年三月的星期三的下午2:10和2:44触发
"0 15 10 ? * MON-FRI" 周一至周五的上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 15 * ?"       每月15日上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 L * ?"        每月最后一日的上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6L"       每月的最后一个星期五上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6L 2002-2005"     2002年至2005年的每月的最后一个星期五上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6#3"      每月的第三个星期五上午10:15触发
0 6 * * *              每天早上6点
0 */2 * * *            每两个小时
0 23-7/2，8 * * *      晚上11点到早上8点之间每两个小时，早上八点
0 11 4 * 1-3           每个月的4号和每个礼拜的礼拜一到礼拜三的早上11点
0 4 1 1 *              1月1日早上4点

=================================================
Introduction
cron is a UNIX tool that has been around for a long time, so its scheduling capabilities are powerful and proven. The CronTrigger class is based on the scheduling capabilities of cron.

CronTrigger uses "cron expressions", which are able to create firing schedules such as: "At 8:00am every Monday through Friday" or "At 1:30am every last Friday of the month".

Cron expressions are powerful, but can be pretty confusing. This tutorial aims to take some of the mystery out of creating a cron expression, giving users a resource which they can visit before having to ask in a forum or mailing list.

Format
A cron expression is a string comprised of 6 or 7 fields separated by white space. Fields can contain any of the allowed values, along with various combinations of the allowed special characters for that field. The fields are as follows:

Field Name Mandatory? Allowed Values Allowed Special Characters
Seconds YES 0-59 , - * /
Minutes YES 0-59 , - * /
Hours YES 0-23 , - * /
Day of month YES 1-31 , - * ? / L W

Month YES 1-12 or JAN-DEC , - * /
Day of week YES 1-7 or SUN-SAT , - * ? / L #
Year NO empty, 1970-2099 , - * /

So cron expressions can be as simple as this: * * * * ? *
or more complex, like this: 0 0/5 14,18,3-39,52 ? JAN,MAR,SEP MON-FRI 2002-2010

Special characters
* ("all values") - used to select all values within a field. For example, "*" in the minute field means "every minute".
? ("no specific value") - useful when you need to specify something in one of the two fields in which the character is allowed, but not the other. For example, if I want my trigger to fire on a particular day of the month (say, the 10th), but don't care what day of the week that happens to be, I would put "10" in the day-of-month field, and "?" in the day-of-week field. See the examples below for clarification.
- - used to specify ranges. For example, "10-12" in the hour field means "the hours 10, 11 and 12".
, - used to specify additional values. For example, "MON,WED,FRI" in the day-of-week field means "the days Monday, Wednesday, and Friday".
/ - used to specify increments. For example, "0/15" in the seconds field means "the seconds 0, 15, 30, and 45". And "5/15" in the seconds field means "the seconds 5, 20, 35, and 50". You can also specify '/' after the '' character - in this case '' is equivalent to having '0' before the '/'. '1/3' in the day-of-month field means "fire every 3 days starting on the first day of the month".
L ("last") - has different meaning in each of the two fields in which it is allowed. For example, the value "L" in the day-of-month field means "the last day of the month" - day 31 for January, day 28 for February on non-leap years. If used in the day-of-week field by itself, it simply means "7" or "SAT". But if used in the day-of-week field after another value, it means "the last xxx day of the month" - for example "6L" means "the last friday of the month". When using the 'L' option, it is important not to specify lists, or ranges of values, as you'll get confusing results.
W ("weekday") - used to specify the weekday (Monday-Friday) nearest the given day. As an example, if you were to specify "15W" as the value for the day-of-month field, the meaning is: "the nearest weekday to the 15th of the month". So if the 15th is a Saturday, the trigger will fire on Friday the 14th. If the 15th is a Sunday, the trigger will fire on Monday the 16th. If the 15th is a Tuesday, then it will fire on Tuesday the 15th. However if you specify "1W" as the value for day-of-month, and the 1st is a Saturday, the trigger will fire on Monday the 3rd, as it will not 'jump' over the boundary of a month's days. The 'W' character can only be specified when the day-of-month is a single day, not a range or list of days. The 'L' and 'W' characters can also be combined in the day-of-month field to yield 'LW', which translates to "last weekday of the month".

# - used to specify "the nth" XXX day of the month. For example, the value of "6#3" in the day-of-week field means "the third Friday of the month" (day 6 = Friday and "#3" = the 3rd one in the month). Other examples: "2#1" = the first Monday of the month and "4#5" = the fifth Wednesday of the month. Note that if you specify "#5" and there is not 5 of the given day-of-week in the month, then no firing will occur that month. The legal characters and the names of months and days of the week are not case sensitive. MON is the same as mon.

Examples
Here are some full examples:

Expression Meaning
0 0 12 * * ? Fire at 12pm (noon) every day
0 15 10 ? * * Fire at 10:15am every day
0 15 10 * * ? Fire at 10:15am every day
0 15 10 * * ? * Fire at 10:15am every day
0 15 10 * * ? 2005 Fire at 10:15am every day during the year 2005
0 * 14 * * ? Fire every minute starting at 2pm and ending at 2:59pm, every day
0 0/5 14 * * ? Fire every 5 minutes starting at 2pm and ending at 2:55pm, every day
0 0/5 14,18 * * ? Fire every 5 minutes starting at 2pm and ending at 2:55pm, AND fire every 5 minutes starting at 6pm and ending at 6:55pm, every day
0 0-5 14 * * ? Fire every minute starting at 2pm and ending at 2:05pm, every day
0 10,44 14 ? 3 WED Fire at 2:10pm and at 2:44pm every Wednesday in the month of March.
0 15 10 ? * MON-FRI Fire at 10:15am every Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
0 15 10 15 * ? Fire at 10:15am on the 15th day of every month
0 15 10 L * ? Fire at 10:15am on the last day of every month
0 15 10 ? * 6L Fire at 10:15am on the last Friday of every month
0 15 10 ? * 6L Fire at 10:15am on the last Friday of every month
0 15 10 ? * 6L 2002-2005 Fire at 10:15am on every last friday of every month during the years 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005
0 15 10 ? * 6#3 Fire at 10:15am on the third Friday of every month
0 0 12 1/5 * ? Fire at 12pm (noon) every 5 days every month, starting on the first day of the month.
0 11 11 11 11 ? Fire every November 11th at 11:11am.
Pay attention to the effects of '?' and '*' in the day-of-week and day-of-month fields!

======================

测试代码如下：

public static void main(String[] args) {
  System.out.println("Test start.");
  ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-timer.xml");
  System.out.println("Test end.."+ com.work.util.DateUtil.getCurrentDateTime());
}