ContentProvider基本使用（1）

最新推荐文章于 2019-09-30 00:42:44 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2019-09-30 00:42:44 发布

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分类专栏： Android四大组

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wnl_csdn/article/details/51472272

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使用内容提供者可以让其它应用访问我们的私有数据。
使用内容提供者步骤：
1 创建一个类继承自ContentProvider，实现需要暴露的方法（增删改查）

package com.example.wnl;

import com.wnl.db.DBHelper;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;

public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

    private DBHelper dbHelper;
    // URi匹配，匹配不成功返回UriMatcher.NO_MATCH
    private static UriMatcher uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
    private static final int URI_MATCHED = 1;// Uri成功匹配，一组数据
    private static final int URI_MATCHED_SINGLE = 2;// Uri成功匹配，一条数据
    static {
        /**
         * @param authority
         *            主机名路径的前缀 一般是应用包名
         * @param path
         *            路径
         * @param code
         *            匹配成功返回的码
         */
        uriMatcher.addURI("com.example.wnl", "contact", URI_MATCHED);
        uriMatcher.addURI("com.example.wnl", "contact/#", URI_MATCHED_SINGLE);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {// 初始化ContentProvider
        dbHelper = new DBHelper(getContext());
        return true;// true ContentProvider成功加载
    }

    /**
     * @param projection
     *            查询的列
     * @param selection
     *            查询的条件
     * @param selectionArgs
     *            查询的条件参数
     * @param sortOrder
     *            对查询的结果进行排序
     */
    @Override
    // 返回数据给调用者
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
            String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        int code = uriMatcher.match(uri);
        if (code == URI_MATCHED) {
            SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
            // 这里不要关闭数据库，因为关闭了数据库后，Cursor也自动关闭，查询不到结果
            return db.query("contact", projection, selection, selectionArgs,
                    null, null, sortOrder);
        } else if (code == URI_MATCHED_SINGLE) {
            SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
            String path = uri.toString();

            // 这里不要关闭数据库，因为关闭了数据库后，Cursor也自动关闭，查询不到结果
            return db.query("contact", projection, "id=?",
                    new String[] { path.substring(path.lastIndexOf("/") + 1) },
                    null, null, sortOrder);
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Uri不匹配");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        int code = uriMatcher.match(uri);
        if (code == URI_MATCHED) {
            return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/contact";
        } else if (code == URI_MATCHED_SINGLE) {
            return "vnd.android.cursor.item/contact";
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("数据类型不正确");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {

        // Uri匹配判断
        int code = uriMatcher.match(uri);
        if (code == URI_MATCHED) {// 匹配通过
            SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
            long rowId = db.insert("contact", null, values);
            db.close();
            return Uri.parse("content://com.example.wnl/contact" + rowId);
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Uri is not matched");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        // Uri匹配判断
        int code = uriMatcher.match(uri);
        if (code == URI_MATCHED) {// 匹配通过
            SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
            int deleteCount = db.delete("contact", selection, selectionArgs);
            db.close();
            return deleteCount;
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Uri is not matched");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
            String[] selectionArgs) {
        // Uri匹配判断
        int code = uriMatcher.match(uri);
        if (code == URI_MATCHED) {// 匹配通过
            SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
            int updateCount = db.update("contact", values, selection,
                    selectionArgs);
            db.close();
            return updateCount;
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Uri is not matched");
        }
    }

}

2 在配置文件里面配置必要信息

  <provider
            android:name="com.example.wnl.MyContentProvider"
            android:authorities="com.example.wnl" 
            android:exported="true"
           >
        </provider>

暴露数据的应用的数据库代码：
package com.wnl.db;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

    public DBHelper(Context context) {
        super(context, "contact.db", null, 1);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {

        String sql="create table contact(id integer primary key autoincrement, name varchar(20), phone varchar(20))";
        db.execSQL(sql);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {

    }

}

3 在需要访问暴露私有数据的应用程序中进行访问

package com.example.read;

import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    /**
     * 查询数据
     * 
     * @param view
     */
    public void read(View view) {
        // 获取内容提供者解析器
        ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();
        // 执行查询操作
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.wnl/contact");// 全部查询
        // Uri uri=Uri.parse("content://com.example.wnl/contact/78");//查询指定数据
        String type = cr.getType(uri);
        if (type.startsWith("vnd.android.cursor.dir")) {
            Cursor cursor = cr.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
            while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                int id = cursor.getInt(0);
                String name = cursor.getString(1);
                String phone = cursor.getString(2);
                System.out.println("id:" + id + "  " + "name:" + name + "  "
                        + "phone:" + phone);
            }
            cursor.close();
        } else if (type.startsWith("vnd.android.cursor.item")) {
            Cursor cursor = cr.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
            cursor.moveToFirst();
            int id = cursor.getInt(0);
            String name = cursor.getString(1);
            String phone = cursor.getString(2);
            System.out.println("id:" + id + "  " + "name:" + name + "  "
                    + "phone:" + phone);
            cursor.close();
        }

    }

    /**
     * 添加数据
     * 
     * @param view
     */
    public void insert(View view) {
        // 获取内容提供者解析器
        ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();
        // 执行查询操作
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.wnl/contact");
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("name", "王五");
        values.put("phone", "123456");
        Uri createdUri = cr.insert(uri, values);
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "添加成功" + createdUri, 0).show();
    }

    /**
     * 删除数据
     * 
     * @param view
     */
    public void delete(View view) {
        // 获取内容提供者解析器
        ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();
        // 执行查询操作
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.wnl/contact");
        int count = cr.delete(uri, "name=?", new String[] { "王五" });
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "删除了" + count + "条数据", 0).show();
    }

    /**
     * 修改数据
     * 
     * @param view
     */
    public void update(View view) {
        // 获取内容提供者解析器
        ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();
        // 执行查询操作
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.wnl/contact");
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("phone", "654321");
        int count = cr.update(uri, values, "name=?", new String[] { "王五" });
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "修改" + count + "条数据成功", 0).show();
    }
}



<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="read"
        android:text="读取数据" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="insert"
        android:text="添加数据" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="delete"
        android:text="删除数据" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="update"
        android:text="修改数据" />
      、


</LinearLayout>