Dom4j解析xml总结

首先需要导入jar包，下面给出jar包

package com.wnl.parselxml;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import org.junit.Test;

public class ChinaXml {

    /**
     * 快速入门
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void test1() throws Exception {
        // 获取SAX解析器
        SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = saxReader.read(new File("src/china.xml"));
        // 获取根节点
        Element root = document.getRootElement();
        // String cityElement= element.element("city").getText();
        // System.out.println(cityElement);
        /**
         * 遍历所有节点,即root的子节点
         */
        System.out.println("====遍历所有节点,即root的子节点===");
        for (Iterator i = root.elementIterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            Element element = (Element) i.next();
            System.out.println(element.getName());
        }
        /**
         * 遍历root节点的属性
         */
        System.out.println("======遍历root下指定名称的节点======");
        for (Iterator i = root.elementIterator("attraction"); i.hasNext();) {
            Element element = (Element) i.next();
            System.out.println(element.getName());
        }
        /**
         * 输出root子节点的所有属性
         */
        System.out.println("=============");
        for (Iterator i = root.attributeIterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            Attribute attribute = (Attribute) i.next();
            System.out.println("name=" + attribute.getName() + "    value="
                    + attribute.getData());
        }
    }

    @Test
    // 取出同名节点的内容
    public void test2() throws Exception {

        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = reader.read(new File("src/china.xml"));
        Element root = document.getRootElement();
        List<Element> list = root.elements("attraction");
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Element attracEle = list.get(i);
            String place = attracEle.element("place").getTextTrim();
            System.out.println(place);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 在<attraction>下增加新的节点
     * DocumentHelper  可以增加节点、属性
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void test3() throws Exception {
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = reader.read(new File("src/china.xml"));
          //获取文档根节点
        Element root = document.getRootElement();
         //取得attraction节点
        Element attracEle = root.element("attraction");
          //在attraction节点添加新的节点
        Element dateEle = DocumentHelper.createElement("date");
        dateEle.setText("八月");
        dateEle.setAttributeValue("month", "12");
        attracEle.add(dateEle);
         //更新xml  
//      Writer writer = new FileWriter(new File("src/china.xml"));//出现乱码
        //方法 1
//      Writer writer=new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/china.xml"), "gb2312");
//      document.write(writer);
//      writer.close();
        //方法 2
        /*
         * XMLWriter默认使用utf-8编码
         */
//      XMLWriter xmlWriter=new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/china.xml"));
        OutputFormat format=OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
        format.setEncoding("utf-8");
        XMLWriter xmlWriter=new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/china.xml"),format);
        xmlWriter.write(document);

    }


    /**
     * 修改节点
     * @throws Exception 
     */

    @Test
    public void test4() throws Exception{
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = reader.read(new File("src/china.xml"));
          //获取文档根节点
        Element root = document.getRootElement();
        Element dateEle=root.element("attraction").element("date");
        dateEle.setText(new Date()+"");
        //更新xml
        OutputFormat format=OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
        format.setEncoding("utf-8");
        XMLWriter xmlWriter=new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/china.xml"),format);
        xmlWriter.write(document);
    }

    /**
     *删除节点 
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    @Test
    public void test5() throws Exception{
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = reader.read(new File("src/china.xml"));
          //获取文档根节点
        Element root = document.getRootElement();

        Element cityEle=root.element("city");
        cityEle.getParent().remove(cityEle);
        //更新xml
        OutputFormat format=OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
        format.setEncoding("utf-8");
        XMLWriter xmlWriter=new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/china.xml"),format);
        xmlWriter.write(document);

    }
    /**
     * 在指定位置添加节点
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    @Test
    public void test6() throws Exception{
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = reader.read(new File("src/china.xml"));
          //获取文档根节点
        Element root = document.getRootElement();

         List<Element> listEle= root.elements();
          for(int i=0;i<listEle.size();i++){
              Element noteEle=DocumentHelper.createElement("记录");
              noteEle.setText("这是第"+i+"个景点");
              listEle.get(i).add(noteEle);
          }
         //更新xml
          OutputFormat format=OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
            format.setEncoding("utf-8");
            XMLWriter xmlWriter=new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/china.xml"),format);
            xmlWriter.write(document);
    }
    /**
     * 操作属性
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    @Test
    public void test7() throws Exception{
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = reader.read(new File("src/china.xml"));
          //获取文档根节点
        Element root = document.getRootElement();
        Element attracEle=root.element("attraction");
        /**
         * 添加属性
         */
//      Attribute attribute=  DocumentHelper.createAttribute(attracEle, "国家", "中国");
//      attracEle.add(attribute);
        /**
         * 修改属性
         */
//      Attribute attribute=attracEle.attribute("国家");
//      attribute.setValue("北京");
    //  attribute.setName("capital");  无法修改名字
        /**
         * 查找属性
         */
//      Attribute attribute=attracEle.attribute("国家");
//      String name=attribute.getName();
//      String value=attribute.getValue();
//      System.out.println("name="+name+" "+"value="+value);
        /**
         * 删除属性
         */
        Attribute attribute=attracEle.attribute("国家");
        attracEle.remove(attribute);
        //更新xml
          OutputFormat format=OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
            format.setEncoding("utf-8");
            XMLWriter xmlWriter=new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/china.xml"),format);
            xmlWriter.write(document);
    }
    /**
     * xpath
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    @Test
    public void test8() throws Exception{
        // 获取SAX解析器
                SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
                Document document = saxReader.read(new File("src/china.xml"));
                // 获取根节点
                Element root = document.getRootElement();
            List<Element> eleList=root.selectNodes("//weather");
                System.out.println(eleList);
    }
}

xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<country name="中国" id="haahh"> 
  <attraction  id="1"> 
    <place>云贵高原</place>  
    <weather>晴朗</weather>  
    <traffic>高铁</traffic>  
    <date month="12">Sun Jun 05 22:41:10 CST 2016</date>  
    <记录>这是第0个景点</记录> 
  </attraction>  
  <attraction> 
    <place>上海浦东</place>  
    <weather>多云</weather>  
    <traffic>大巴</traffic>  
    <记录>这是第1个景点</记录> 
  </attraction>  
  <attraction> 
    <place>黑龙江</place>  
    <weather>晴朗</weather>  
    <traffic>京广高铁</traffic>  
    <记录>这是第2个景点</记录> 
  </attraction> 

</country>