C++设计模式：工厂模式

1、设计思想

我们知道，工厂可以生产产品，那么工厂到底是什么性质的厂呢，产品到底是什么类型的产品呢？

所以，这里的工厂和产品就是抽象的，可以抽象为基类，被子类继承。

//产品类
//公共属性：productName
class Product
{
public:
    Product(QString productName);
    virtual~Product()=0;
private:
    QString productName;
};

//工厂类
//公共接口：CreateProduct，生成产品
class Factory
{
public:
    Factory();
    virtual~Factory()=0;
    virtual Product *CreateProduct(QString productName)=0;
};

产品有好多种，所以就会存在不同的产品子类；工厂也是一样的。

//ProductA
//特有属性：price
class ConcreteProductA:public Product
{
public:
    ConcreteProductA(QString productName,double price);
    ~ConcreteProductA();
private:
    double price;

};

//ProductB
//特有属性：width
class ConcreteProductB:public Product
{
public:
    ConcreteProductB(QString productName,double width);
    ~ConcreteProductB();
private:
    double width;

};

//具体的工厂
//重写CreateProduct，实现自己的生产方法
class ConcreteFactory:public Factory
{
public:
    ConcreteFactory();
    ~ConcreteFactory();
    Product *CreateProduct(QString productName);
};

2、具体代码实现

factory.h:

#ifndef FACTORY_H
#define FACTORY_H

#include <QString>

//产品类
//公共属性：productName
class Product
{
public:
    Product(QString productName);
    virtual~Product()=0;
private:
    QString productName;
};

//ProductA
//特有属性：price
class ConcreteProductA:public Product
{
public:
    ConcreteProductA(QString productName,double price);
    ~ConcreteProductA();
private:
    double price;

};

//ProductB
//特有属性：width
class ConcreteProductB:public Product
{
public:
    ConcreteProductB(QString productName,double width);
    ~ConcreteProductB();
private:
    double width;

};

//工厂类
//公共接口：CreateProduct
class Factory
{
public:
    Factory();
    virtual~Factory()=0;
    virtual Product *CreateProduct(QString productName)=0;
};

//具体的工厂
//重写CreateProduct，实现自己的生产方法
class ConcreteFactory:public Factory
{
public:
    ConcreteFactory();
    ~ConcreteFactory();
    Product *CreateProduct(QString productName);
};



#endif // FACTORY_H

factory.cpp:

#include "factory.h"
#include <QDebug>

Product::Product(QString productName)
{
    this->productName=productName;
    qDebug() << "Product";
}
Product::~Product()
{

}

ConcreteProductA::ConcreteProductA(QString productName,double price):
    Product(productName)
{
    this->price=price;
   qDebug()<<"ConcreteProductA";
}
ConcreteProductA::~ConcreteProductA()
{}

ConcreteProductB::ConcreteProductB(QString productName,double width):
    Product(productName)
{
    this->width=width;
    qDebug()<<"ConcreteProductB";
}
ConcreteProductB::~ConcreteProductB()
{}

Factory::Factory()
{
    qDebug()<<"Factory";
}

Factory::~Factory()
{

}

ConcreteFactory::ConcreteFactory()
{
    qDebug()<<"ConcreteFactory";
}
ConcreteFactory::~ConcreteFactory()
{}

Product * ConcreteFactory::CreateProduct(QString productName)
{
    if("PA"== productName)
    {
        return new ConcreteProductA(productName,5);
    }
    else if("PB"== productName)
    {
        return new ConcreteProductB(productName,3.1415);
    }
    else
        return 0;
}

main.cpp:

#include<factory.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    Factory *fac = new ConcreteFactory();
    Product *product = 0;
    
    product = fac->CreateProduct("PA");
    delete product;

    product = fac->CreateProduct("PB");
    delete product;

    delete fac;

    return 1;
}

运行结果：

Factory

ConcreteFactory

Product

ConcreteProductA

Product

ConcreteProductB