随着数据中记录的增多,网页上显示的数据会越来越多。
当多到一定程度的时候,就会影响用户的体验。
解决办法是通过分页技术,一次只显示数据库中的部分数据,如果要看其他数据,可以通过"下一页" "最后一页" 等翻页操作实现
当多到一定程度的时候,就会影响用户的体验。
解决办法是通过分页技术,一次只显示数据库中的部分数据,如果要看其他数据,可以通过"下一页" "最后一页" 等翻页操作实现
- 首先准备 DAO
在DAO中提供方法
start表示开始的个数,count表示取多少条public List<Hero> list(int start, int count)
比如 list(0, 5) , 即表示第一页,每页有5条数据
比如 list(5, 5) , 即表示第二页,每页有5条数据
package dao; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.sql.Statement; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import bean.Hero; public class HeroDAO { public int getTotal() { int total = 0; try { Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "admin"); Statement s = c.createStatement(); String sql = "select count(*) from hero"; ResultSet rs = s.executeQuery(sql); while (rs.next()) { total = rs.getInt(1); } System.out.println("total:" + total); s.close(); c.close(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SQLException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return total; } public void add(Hero hero) { try { Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "admin"); String sql = "insert into hero values(null,?,?,?)"; PreparedStatement ps = c.prepareStatement(sql); ps.setString(1, hero.name); ps.setFloat(2, hero.hp); ps.setInt(3, hero.damage); ps.execute(); ResultSet rs = ps.getGeneratedKeys(); if (rs.next()) { int id = rs.getInt(1); hero.id = id; } ps.close(); c.close(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SQLException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } public void update(Hero hero) { try { Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "admin"); String sql = "update hero set name= ?, hp = ? , damage = ? where id = ?"; PreparedStatement ps = c.prepareStatement(sql); ps.setString(1, hero.name); ps.setFloat(2, hero.hp); ps.setInt(3, hero.damage); ps.setInt(4, hero.id); ps.execute(); ps.close(); c.close(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SQLException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } public void delete(int id) { try { Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "admin"); Statement s = c.createStatement(); String sql = "delete from hero where id = " + id; s.execute(sql); s.close(); c.close(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SQLException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } public Hero get(int id) { Hero hero = null; try { Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "admin"); Statement s = c.createStatement(); String sql = "select * from hero where id = " + id; ResultSet rs = s.executeQuery(sql); if (rs.next()) { hero = new Hero(); String name = rs.getString(2); float hp = rs.getFloat("hp"); int damage = rs.getInt(4); hero.name = name; hero.hp = hp; hero.damage = damage; hero.id = id; } s.close(); c.close(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SQLException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return hero; } public List<Hero> list() { return list(0, Short.MAX_VALUE); } public List<Hero> list(int start, int count) { List<Hero> heros = new ArrayList<Hero>(); try { Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "admin"); String sql = "select * from hero order by id desc limit ?,? "; PreparedStatement ps = c.prepareStatement(sql); ps.setInt(1, start); ps.setInt(2, count); ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery(); while (rs.next()) { Hero hero = new Hero(); int id = rs.getInt(1); String name = rs.getString(2); float hp = rs.getFloat("hp"); int damage = rs.getInt(4); hero.id = id; hero.name = name; hero.hp = hp; hero.damage = damage; heros.add(hero); } ps.close(); c.close(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SQLException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return heros; } }
- 只显示5条数据
修改HeroListServlet
即表示只获取5条数据int start = 0; int count = 5; List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);
package servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import bean.Hero; import dao.HeroDAO; public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8"); int start = 0; int count = 5; List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count); request.setAttribute("heros", heros); request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response); } }
- 下一页
HeroListServlet :
通过参数获取start,如果浏览器没有传递参数,就设置为0。
根据start,计算next. next的值就是start+count.
然后把next传递给listHero.jsp
listHero.jsp
在最后面增加一个超链
start=${next} 从服务器传递过来的next值<a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>
package servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import bean.Hero; import dao.HeroDAO; public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8"); int start = 0; int count = 5; try { start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start")); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { // 当浏览器没有传参数start时 } int next = start + count; List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count); request.setAttribute("next", next); request.setAttribute("heros", heros); request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response); } }
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'> <tr> <td>id</td> <td>name</td> <td>hp</td> <td>damage</td> <td>edit</td> <td>delete</td> </tr> <c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st"> <tr> <td>${hero.id}</td> <td>${hero.name}</td> <td>${hero.hp}</td> <td>${hero.damage}</td> <td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td> <td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td> </tr> </c:forEach> <tr> <td colspan="6" align="center"> <a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a> </td> </tr> </table>
- 上一页
HeroListServlet:
根据start,计算pre. pre的值就是start-count.
然后把pre传递给listHero.jsp
listHero.jsp
在下一页前增加一个超链
<a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a>
package servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import bean.Hero; import dao.HeroDAO; public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8"); int start = 0; int count = 5; try { start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start")); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { // 当浏览器没有传参数start时 } int next = start + count; int pre = start - count; request.setAttribute("next", next); request.setAttribute("pre", pre); List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count); request.setAttribute("heros", heros); request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response); } }
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'> <tr> <td>id</td> <td>name</td> <td>hp</td> <td>damage</td> <td>edit</td> <td>delete</td> </tr> <c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st"> <tr> <td>${hero.id}</td> <td>${hero.name}</td> <td>${hero.hp}</td> <td>${hero.damage}</td> <td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td> <td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td> </tr> </c:forEach> <tr> <td colspan="6" align="center"> <a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a> <a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a> </td> </tr> </table>
- 第一页
只需要修改listHero.jsp即可
增加
因为首页的start永远都是0<a href="?start=0">[首 页]</a>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'> <tr> <td>id</td> <td>name</td> <td>hp</td> <td>damage</td> <td>edit</td> <td>delete</td> </tr> <c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st"> <tr> <td>${hero.id}</td> <td>${hero.name}</td> <td>${hero.hp}</td> <td>${hero.damage}</td> <td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td> <td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td> </tr> </c:forEach> <tr> <td colspan="6" align="center"> <a href="?start=0">[首 页]</a> <a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a> <a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a> </td> </tr> </table>
- 最后一页
HeroListServlet:
在HeroListServlet中计算last
last需要根据总数total和每页有多少条数据count来计算得出。
同时,还要看total是否能够整除count
假设总数是50,是能够被5整除的,那么最后一页的开始就是45
if (0 == total % count) last = total - count;
假设总数是51,不能够被5整除的,那么最后一页的开始就是50
last = total - total % count;
listHero.jsp
在下一页后增加一个超链
start=${last} 从服务器传递过来的last值<a href="?start=${last}">[末 页]</a>
package servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import bean.Hero; import dao.HeroDAO; public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8"); int start = 0; int count = 5; try { start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start")); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { // 当浏览器没有传参数start时 } int next = start + count; int pre = start - count; int total = new HeroDAO().getTotal(); int last; // 假设总数是50,是能够被5整除的,那么最后一页的开始就是45 if (0 == total % count) last = total - count; // 假设总数是51,不能够被5整除的,那么最后一页的开始就是50 else last = total - total % count; request.setAttribute("next", next); request.setAttribute("pre", pre); request.setAttribute("last", last); List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count); request.setAttribute("heros", heros); request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response); } }
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'> <tr> <td>id</td> <td>name</td> <td>hp</td> <td>damage</td> <td>edit</td> <td>delete</td> </tr> <c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st"> <tr> <td>${hero.id}</td> <td>${hero.name}</td> <td>${hero.hp}</td> <td>${hero.damage}</td> <td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td> <td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td> </tr> </c:forEach> <tr> <td colspan="6" align="center"> <a href="?start=0">[首 页]</a> <a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a> <a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a> <a href="?start=${last}">[末 页]</a> </td> </tr> </table>
- 边界处理
上一页,下一页有一个问题,
如果在第一页点击上一页,就会看不到数据了,因为在第一页的时候,pre=-5,也就导致传递到serlvet的start=-5;
同样的在最后一页的时候,点击下一页,也有类似的问题。
解决办法是进行边界处理:
如果pre是负数了,就使用0pre = pre < 0 ? 0 : pre;
如果next大于last,就使用lastnext = next > last ? last : next;
package servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import bean.Hero; import dao.HeroDAO; public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8"); int start = 0; int count = 5; try { start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start")); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { // 当浏览器没有传参数start时 } int next = start + count; int pre = start - count; int total = new HeroDAO().getTotal(); int last; if (0 == total % count) last = total - count; else last = total - total % count; pre = pre < 0 ? 0 : pre; next = next > last ? last : next; request.setAttribute("next", next); request.setAttribute("pre", pre); request.setAttribute("last", last); List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count); request.setAttribute("heros", heros); request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response); } }
- 套上Bootstrap
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%> <!DOCTYPE html> <script src="http://how2j.cn/study/js/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script> <link href="http://how2j.cn/study/css/bootstrap/3.3.6/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="http://how2j.cn/study/js/bootstrap/3.3.6/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <script> $(function(){ $("a").addClass("btn btn-default btn-xs"); }); </script> <table style="width:500px; margin:44px auto" class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover table-condensed" align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'> <tr> <td>id</td> <td>name</td> <td>hp</td> <td>damage</td> <td>edit</td> <td>delete</td> </tr> <c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st"> <tr> <td>${hero.id}</td> <td>${hero.name}</td> <td>${hero.hp}</td> <td>${hero.damage}</td> <td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">编辑</a></td> <td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">删除</a></td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table> <nav> <ul class="pager"> <li><a href="?start=0">首 页</a></li> <li><a href="?start=${pre}">上一页</a></li> <li><a href="?start=${next}">下一页</a></li> <li><a href="?start=${last}">末 页</a></li> </ul> </nav>