MVC-结合Servlet和JSP实现分页功能

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-25 20:00:56 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-08-25 20:00:56 发布

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分类专栏： J2EE-MVC、Filter、Listener

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随着数据中记录的增多，网页上显示的数据会越来越多。
当多到一定程度的时候，就会影响用户的体验。
解决办法是通过分页技术，一次只显示数据库中的部分数据，如果要看其他数据，可以通过"下一页" "最后一页" 等翻页操作实现

首先准备 DAO

在DAO中提供方法

public List<Hero> list(int start, int count)

start表示开始的个数，count表示取多少条
比如 list(0, 5) ，即表示第一页，每页有5条数据
比如 list(5, 5) ，即表示第二页，每页有5条数据

package dao;
 
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
import bean.Hero;
 
public class HeroDAO {
 
    public int getTotal() {
        int total = 0;
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
 
            Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",
                    "root", "admin");
 
            Statement s = c.createStatement();
 
            String sql = "select count(*) from hero";
 
            ResultSet rs = s.executeQuery(sql);
            while (rs.next()) {
                total = rs.getInt(1);
            }
 
            System.out.println("total:" + total);
 
            s.close();
 
            c.close();
 
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return total;
    }
 
    public void add(Hero hero) {
 
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
 
            Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",
                    "root", "admin");
 
            String sql = "insert into hero values(null,?,?,?)";
            PreparedStatement ps = c.prepareStatement(sql);
            ps.setString(1, hero.name);
            ps.setFloat(2, hero.hp);
            ps.setInt(3, hero.damage);
 
            ps.execute();
 
            ResultSet rs = ps.getGeneratedKeys();
            if (rs.next()) {
                int id = rs.getInt(1);
                hero.id = id;
            }
 
            ps.close();
 
            c.close();
 
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
    public void update(Hero hero) {
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
 
            Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",
                    "root", "admin");
 
            String sql = "update hero set name= ?, hp = ? , damage = ? where id = ?";
            PreparedStatement ps = c.prepareStatement(sql);
            ps.setString(1, hero.name);
            ps.setFloat(2, hero.hp);
            ps.setInt(3, hero.damage);
            ps.setInt(4, hero.id);
 
            ps.execute();
 
            ps.close();
 
            c.close();
 
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
 
    }
 
    public void delete(int id) {
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
 
            Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",
                    "root", "admin");
 
            Statement s = c.createStatement();
 
            String sql = "delete from hero where id = " + id;
 
            s.execute(sql);
 
            s.close();
 
            c.close();
 
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
    public Hero get(int id) {
        Hero hero = null;
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
 
            Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",
                    "root", "admin");
 
            Statement s = c.createStatement();
 
            String sql = "select * from hero where id = " + id;
 
            ResultSet rs = s.executeQuery(sql);
 
            if (rs.next()) {
                hero = new Hero();
                String name = rs.getString(2);
                float hp = rs.getFloat("hp");
                int damage = rs.getInt(4);
                hero.name = name;
                hero.hp = hp;
                hero.damage = damage;
                hero.id = id;
            }
 
            s.close();
 
            c.close();
 
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return hero;
    }
 
    public List<Hero> list() {
        return list(0, Short.MAX_VALUE);
    }
 
    public List<Hero> list(int start, int count) {
        List<Hero> heros = new ArrayList<Hero>();
 
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
 
            Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",
                    "root", "admin");
 
            String sql = "select * from hero order by id desc limit ?,? ";
 
            PreparedStatement ps = c.prepareStatement(sql);
            ps.setInt(1, start);
            ps.setInt(2, count);
 
            ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
 
            while (rs.next()) {
                Hero hero = new Hero();
                int id = rs.getInt(1);
                String name = rs.getString(2);
                float hp = rs.getFloat("hp");
                int damage = rs.getInt(4);
                hero.id = id;
                hero.name = name;
                hero.hp = hp;
                hero.damage = damage;
                heros.add(hero);
            }
 
            ps.close();
 
            c.close();
 
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return heros;
    }
 
}

只显示5条数据

修改HeroListServlet

int start = 0;
int count = 5;
List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);

即表示只获取5条数据

package servlet;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import bean.Hero;
import dao.HeroDAO;
 
public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet {
 
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
 
        int start = 0;
        int count = 5;
        List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);
 
        request.setAttribute("heros", heros);
 
        request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response);
 
    }
}

下一页

HeroListServlet :
通过参数获取start，如果浏览器没有传递参数，就设置为0。
根据start，计算next. next的值就是start+count.
然后把next传递给listHero.jsp

listHero.jsp
在最后面增加一个超链

<a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>

start=${next} 从服务器传递过来的next值

package servlet;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import bean.Hero;
import dao.HeroDAO;
 
public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet {
 
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
 
        int start = 0;
        int count = 5;
 
        try {
            start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start"));
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            // 当浏览器没有传参数start时
        }
 
        int next = start + count;
 
        List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);
 
        request.setAttribute("next", next);
 
        request.setAttribute("heros", heros);
 
        request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response);
 
    }
}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>
 
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
 
<table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>
    <tr>
        <td>id</td>
        <td>name</td>
        <td>hp</td>
        <td>damage</td>
        <td>edit</td>
        <td>delete</td>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st">
        <tr>
            <td>${hero.id}</td>
            <td>${hero.name}</td>
            <td>${hero.hp}</td>
            <td>${hero.damage}</td>
            <td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td>
            <td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    <tr>
        <td colspan="6" align="center">
            <a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

上一页

HeroListServlet:
根据start，计算pre. pre的值就是start-count.
然后把pre传递给listHero.jsp

listHero.jsp
在下一页前增加一个超链

<a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a>

package servlet;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import bean.Hero;
import dao.HeroDAO;
 
public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet {
 
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
 
        int start = 0;
        int count = 5;
 
        try {
            start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start"));
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            // 当浏览器没有传参数start时
        }
 
        int next = start + count;
        int pre = start - count;
 
        request.setAttribute("next", next);
        request.setAttribute("pre", pre);
 
        List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);
        request.setAttribute("heros", heros);
 
        request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response);
 
    }
}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>
 
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
 
<table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>
    <tr>
        <td>id</td>
        <td>name</td>
        <td>hp</td>
        <td>damage</td>
        <td>edit</td>
        <td>delete</td>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st">
        <tr>
            <td>${hero.id}</td>
            <td>${hero.name}</td>
            <td>${hero.hp}</td>
            <td>${hero.damage}</td>
            <td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td>
            <td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    <tr>
        <td colspan="6" align="center">
            <a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a>
            <a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

第一页

只需要修改listHero.jsp即可
增加

<a href="?start=0">[首  页]</a>

因为首页的start永远都是0

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>
 
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
 
<table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>
    <tr>
        <td>id</td>
        <td>name</td>
        <td>hp</td>
        <td>damage</td>
        <td>edit</td>
        <td>delete</td>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st">
        <tr>
            <td>${hero.id}</td>
            <td>${hero.name}</td>
            <td>${hero.hp}</td>
            <td>${hero.damage}</td>
            <td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td>
            <td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    <tr>
        <td colspan="6" align="center">
            <a href="?start=0">[首  页]</a>
            <a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a>
            <a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

最后一页

HeroListServlet:
在HeroListServlet中计算last
last需要根据总数total和每页有多少条数据count来计算得出。

同时，还要看total是否能够整除count
假设总数是50，是能够被5整除的，那么最后一页的开始就是45

if (0 == total % count)
  last = total - count;

假设总数是51，不能够被5整除的，那么最后一页的开始就是50

last = total - total % count;

listHero.jsp
在下一页后增加一个超链

<a href="?start=${last}">[末 页]</a>

start=${last} 从服务器传递过来的last值

package servlet;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import bean.Hero;
import dao.HeroDAO;
 
public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet {
 
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
 
        int start = 0;
        int count = 5;
 
        try {
            start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start"));
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            // 当浏览器没有传参数start时
        }
 
        int next = start + count;
        int pre = start - count;
 
        int total = new HeroDAO().getTotal();
 
        int last;
        // 假设总数是50，是能够被5整除的，那么最后一页的开始就是45
        if (0 == total % count)
            last = total - count;
        // 假设总数是51，不能够被5整除的，那么最后一页的开始就是50
        else
            last = total - total % count;
 
        request.setAttribute("next", next);
        request.setAttribute("pre", pre);
        request.setAttribute("last", last);
 
        List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);
        request.setAttribute("heros", heros);
 
        request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response);
 
    }
}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>
 
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
 
<table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>
    <tr>
        <td>id</td>
        <td>name</td>
        <td>hp</td>
        <td>damage</td>
        <td>edit</td>
        <td>delete</td>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st">
        <tr>
            <td>${hero.id}</td>
            <td>${hero.name}</td>
            <td>${hero.hp}</td>
            <td>${hero.damage}</td>
            <td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td>
            <td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    <tr>
        <td colspan="6" align="center">
            <a href="?start=0">[首  页]</a>
            <a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a>
            <a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>
            <a href="?start=${last}">[末  页]</a>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

边界处理

上一页，下一页有一个问题，
如果在第一页点击上一页，就会看不到数据了，因为在第一页的时候，pre=-5,也就导致传递到serlvet的start=-5;
同样的在最后一页的时候，点击下一页，也有类似的问题。

解决办法是进行边界处理：

pre = pre < 0 ? 0 : pre;

如果pre是负数了，就使用0

next = next > last ? last : next;

如果next大于last，就使用last

package servlet;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import bean.Hero;
import dao.HeroDAO;
 
public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet {
 
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
 
        int start = 0;
        int count = 5;
 
        try {
            start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start"));
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            // 当浏览器没有传参数start时
        }
 
        int next = start + count;
        int pre = start - count;
 
        int total = new HeroDAO().getTotal();
 
        int last;
        if (0 == total % count)
            last = total - count;
        else
            last = total - total % count;
 
        pre = pre < 0 ? 0 : pre;
        next = next > last ? last : next;
 
        request.setAttribute("next", next);
        request.setAttribute("pre", pre);
        request.setAttribute("last", last);
 
        List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);
        request.setAttribute("heros", heros);
 
        request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response);
 
    }
}

套上Bootstrap

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<script src="http://how2j.cn/study/js/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<link href="http://how2j.cn/study/css/bootstrap/3.3.6/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="http://how2j.cn/study/js/bootstrap/3.3.6/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
     
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
 
<script>
$(function(){
    $("a").addClass("btn btn-default btn-xs");
     
});
 
</script>
<table style="width:500px; margin:44px auto" class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover  table-condensed" align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>
    <tr>
        <td>id</td>
        <td>name</td>
        <td>hp</td>
        <td>damage</td>
        <td>edit</td>
        <td>delete</td>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st">
        <tr>
            <td>${hero.id}</td>
            <td>${hero.name}</td>
            <td>${hero.hp}</td>
            <td>${hero.damage}</td>
            <td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">编辑</a></td>
            <td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">删除</a></td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
 
</table>
        <nav>
          <ul class="pager">
 
            <li><a href="?start=0">首  页</a></li>
            <li><a href="?start=${pre}">上一页</a></li>
            <li><a href="?start=${next}">下一页</a></li>
            <li><a href="?start=${last}">末  页</a></li>
          </ul>           
        </nav>