Filter过滤器-使用Filter进行中文问题处理

• 使用Servlet处理的局限性
  
  在通过Servlet获取中文参数的章节中知道，可以通过
  

  request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

  正确获取UTF-8编码的中文，但是如果有很多servlet都需要获取中文，那么就必须在每个Servlet中增加这段代码。
  有一个简便的办法，那就是通过Filter过滤器进行中文处理 ，那么所有的Servlet都不需要单独处理了。
• 使用Filter处理
  
  创建一个 EncodingFilter ，设置如下代码
  

  HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
  request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

  doFilter方法的第一个参数req,是ServletRequest 类型的，不支持setCharacterEncoding，所以要先强制转换为HttpServletRequest
  

  package filter;
   
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
  import java.util.Date;
   
  import javax.servlet.Filter;
  import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
  import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
  import javax.servlet.ServletException;
  import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
  import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
   
  public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
   
      @Override
      public void destroy() {
   
      }
   
      @Override
      public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain)
              throws IOException, ServletException {
          HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
          HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
   
          request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
   
          chain.doFilter(request, response);
      }
   
      @Override
      public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
   
      }
   
  }

• 配置web.xml
  
  配置EncodingFilter
  

  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

  表示为所有的访问都使用该Filter
  

  <filter>
      <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
      <filter-class>filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
   
  <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

• 测试
  
  测试前，记得把HeroAddServlet中的 
  

  request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

  注释掉
  
  

  package servlet;
   
  import java.io.IOException;
   
  import javax.servlet.ServletException;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
   
  import bean.Hero;
  import dao.HeroDAO;
   
  public class HeroAddServlet extends HttpServlet {
   
      protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
              throws ServletException, IOException {
   
          // request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
   
          Hero hero = new Hero();
          hero.setName(request.getParameter("name"));
          hero.setHp(Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("hp")));
          hero.setDamage(Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("damage")));
   
          new HeroDAO().add(hero);
   
          response.sendRedirect("/listHero");
   
      }
  }