Hibernate各类概念-如何进行Hibernate的ehcache二级缓存配置

Hibernate的一级缓存是在Session上，二级缓存是在SessionFactory上

• 先看没有开启二级缓存的情况
  
  创建了两个Session
  在第一个Session里
  第一次获取id=1的Category 会执行SQL语句
  第二次获取id=1的Category，不会执行SQL语句，因为有一级缓存
  在第二个Session里
  获取id=1的Category，会执行SQL语句，因为在第二个Session，没有缓存该对象。 
  所以总共会看到两条SQL语句。
  
  

  import org.hibernate.Session;
  import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
  import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
   
  import com.how2java.pojo.Category;
   
  public class TestHibernate {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
   
          Session s = sf.openSession();
          s.beginTransaction();
          Category p1 = (Category) s.get(Category.class, 1);
          Category p2 = (Category) s.get(Category.class, 1);
          s.getTransaction().commit();
          s.close();
          Session s2 = sf.openSession();
          s2.beginTransaction();
          Category p3 = (Category) s2.get(Category.class, 1);
   
          s2.getTransaction().commit();
          s2.close();
          sf.close();
      }
  }

• hibernate.cfg.xml 中增加对二级缓存的配置
  
  /*需要ehcache.jar*/hibernate.rar
  
  在hibernate.cfg.xml中开启二级缓存的配置
  hibernate本身不提供二级缓存，都是使用第三方的二级缓存插件
  这里使用的是 EhCache提供的二级缓存
  

  <property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">true</property>
  <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider</property>

  
  

  <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
  <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
         "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
  "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
   
  <hibernate-configuration>
   
      <session-factory>
          <!-- Database connection settings -->
          <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
          <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=GBK</property>
          <property name="connection.username">root</property>
          <property name="connection.password">admin</property>
          <!-- SQL dialect -->
          <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
          <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
          <property name="show_sql">true</property>
          <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
           
          <property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">true</property>
          <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider</property>
            
          <mapping resource="com/how2java/pojo/Product.hbm.xml" />
          <mapping resource="com/how2java/pojo/Category.hbm.xml" />
          <mapping resource="com/how2java/pojo/User.hbm.xml" />
           
      </session-factory>
   
  </hibernate-configuration>

• ehcache.xml
  
  在src目录下，创建一个ehcache.xml用于EHCache的缓存配置
  

  <ehcache>
      <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>
      <defaultCache
          maxElementsInMemory="10000"
          eternal="false"
          timeToIdleSeconds="120"
          timeToLiveSeconds="120"
          overflowToDisk="true"
          />
  </ehcache>

• 设置HBM
  
  对于要进行二级缓存的实体类，进行配置，增加
  

  <cache usage="read-only" />

  <?xml version="1.0"?>
  <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
   
  <hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo">
      <class name="Category" table="category_">
          <cache usage="read-only" />
          <id name="id" column="id">
              <generator class="native">
              </generator>
          </id>
          <property name="name" />
   
          <set name="products" lazy="true">
              <key column="cid" not-null="false" />
              <one-to-many class="Product" />
          </set>
                   
      </class>
       
  </hibernate-mapping>

• 测试效果
  
  使用不同的session,都去获取id=1的category,只会访问一次数据库。因为第二次获取虽然没有从第二个session中拿到缓存，但是从sessionfactory中拿到了Category缓存对象
  
  

  import org.hibernate.Session;
  import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
  import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
    
  import com.how2java.pojo.Category;
     
  public class TestHibernate {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
          Session s = sf.openSession();
          s.beginTransaction();
           
          Category c1 = (Category)s.get(Category.class, 1);
          System.out.println("log1");
          Category c2= (Category)s.get(Category.class, 1);
          System.out.println("log2");
          s.getTransaction().commit();
          s.close();
          Session s2 = sf.openSession();
          s2.beginTransaction();
          Category c3 = (Category)s2.get(Category.class, 1);
          System.out.println("log3");
    
          s2.getTransaction().commit();
          s2.close();
          sf.close();
      }
  }