Spring-注解方式 IOC/DI

在本知识点中,讲演示如何使用注解的方式完成注入对象中的效果

  • 修改applicationContext.xml

    1. 在15行添加
    <context:annotation-config/>
    表示告诉Spring要用注解的方式进行配置

    2. 注入对象的21行注释掉,这个行为在后面将使用注解来完成
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
      
        <context:annotation-config/>
        <bean name="c" class="com.how2java.pojo.Category">
            <property name="name" value="category 1" />
        </bean>
        <bean name="p" class="com.how2java.pojo.Product">
            <property name="name" value="product1" />
    <!--         <property name="category" ref="c" /> -->
        </bean>
      
    </beans>
  • @Autowired

    在Product.java的category属性前加上@Autowired注解
    @Autowired
    private Category category;
    package com.how2java.pojo;
     
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
     
    public class Product {
     
        private int id;
        private String name;
        @Autowired
        private Category category;
     
        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }
     
        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
     
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
     
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
     
        public Category getCategory() {
            return category;
        }
     
        public void setCategory(Category category) {
            this.category = category;
        }
    }
  • 运行测试


    package com.how2java.test;
     
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
     
    import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
     
    public class TestSpring {
     
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
            Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
            System.out.println(p.getName());
            System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
        }
    }
  • @Autowired的位置

    除了前面的 在属性前加上@Autowired 这种方式外,也可以在setCategory方法前加上@Autowired,这样来达到相同的效果
    @Autowired
    public void setCategory(Category category) 

    package com.how2java.pojo;
     
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
     
    public class Product {
     
        private int id;
        private String name;
         
        private Category category;
     
        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }
     
        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
     
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
     
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
     
        public Category getCategory() {
            return category;
        }
        @Autowired
        public void setCategory(Category category) {
            this.category = category;
        }
    }
  • @Resource

    除了@Autowired之外,@Resource也是常用的手段
    @Resource(name="c")
    private Category category;

     
    package com.how2java.pojo;
     
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
     
    public class Product {
     
        private int id;
        private String name;
        @Resource(name="c")
        private Category category;
     
        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }
     
        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
     
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
     
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
     
        public Category getCategory() {
            return category;
        }
         
        public void setCategory(Category category) {
            this.category = category;
        }
    }
  • 对Bean的注解

    上述例子是对注入对象行为的注解,那么bean对象本身,比如Category,Product可不可以移出applicationContext.xml配置文件,也通过注解进行呢?
    接下来就讲解如何对Bean进行注解配置
  • applicationContext.xml

    修改applicationContext.xml,什么都去掉,只新增:
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.pojo"/>
    其作用是告诉Spring,bean都放在com.how2java.pojo这个包下
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
      
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.pojo"/>
         
    </beans>
  • @Component

    为Product类加上@Component注解,即表明此类是bean
    @Component("p")
    public class Product {

    为Category 类加上@Component注解,即表明此类是bean
    @Component("c")
    public class Category {

    另外,因为配置从applicationContext.xml中移出来了,所以属性初始化放在属性声明上进行了。
    private String name="product 1";
    private String name="category 1";

    package com.how2java.pojo;
     
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
     
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
     
    @Component("p")
    public class Product {
     
        private int id;
        private String name="product 1";
         
        @Autowired
        private Category category;
     
        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }
     
        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
     
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
     
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
     
        public Category getCategory() {
            return category;
        }
         
        public void setCategory(Category category) {
            this.category = category;
        }
    }
    package com.how2java.pojo;
     
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
     
    @Component("c")
    public class Category {
      
        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }
        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
        private int id;
        private String name="category 1";
    }
  • 运行测试

    运行TestSpring,可以发现运行结果是一样的

    package com.how2java.test;
     
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
     
    import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
     
    public class TestSpring {
     
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
            Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
            System.out.println(p.getName());
            System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
        }
    }




  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值