一. 简介
上一篇文章实现了 Led的设备驱动框架代码,文章地址如下:
Linux内核定时器实现Led灯的定时亮灭说明一-CSDN博客
本文继续开始实现定时器定时驱动 Led灯亮灭的实验。本文主要实现定时器代码部分。
二. Linux内核定时器驱动Led灯的定时亮灭
1. 定时器代码实现
(1) 定时器使用思路
Linux内核定时器,也就是软件定时器。
Linux 内核定时器的使用:
(1)软件定时器是设置期满以后的时间点。
(2) 需要编写定时处理函数。定时器处理函数中还需要重新开启定时器。
因为Linux内核定时器不是周期性的,一次定时时间到了以后就会关闭,除非重新打开。
2. 代码实现
timer.c文件中实现了定时器的字符设备驱动框架代码,timer.c文件代码如下:
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/of.h>
#include <linux/of_address.h>
#include <linux/of_gpio.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#define TIMER_NAME "timer"
#define TIMER_CNT 1
static int timer_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp);
ssize_t timer_write(struct file * filp, const char __user * buf, size_t count, loff_t * ppos);
int timer_close(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp);
static const struct file_operations timer_fops = {
.open = timer_open,
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.write = timer_write,
.release = timer_close,
};
/*定时器结构体 */
struct timer_dev{
dev_t devid; //主设备号+次设备号
int major; //主设备号
int minor; //次设备号
struct cdev cdev;
struct class* class;
struct device* device;
struct device_node * dev_node;//设备节点
int gpio_number;//gpio编号
struct timer_list timing_dev; //定时器
};
struct timer_dev timer;
/*定时器处理函数 */
static void timer_func(unsigned long data)
{
static int led_status = 0;
struct timer_dev* dev = (struct timer_dev*)data;
led_status = !led_status;
//设置Led灯电平
gpio_set_value(dev->gpio_number, led_status);
/*重新开启定时器 */
mod_timer(&dev->timing_dev, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(1000));
}
/* 打开设备函数*/
static int timer_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
filp->private_data = &timer;
return 0;
}
/* 从设备中读取数据函数*/
ssize_t timer_write(struct file * filp, const char __user * buf, size_t count, loff_t * ppos)
{
// struct timer_dev* dev = filp->private_data;
return 0;
}
/* 关闭设备函数 */
int timer_close(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
{
return 0;
}
/*Led设备初始化 */
int led_io_init(struct timer_dev* dev)
{
int ret = 0;
/*1. 查找Led设备节点(从设备树文件中)*/
dev->dev_node = of_find_node_by_path("/gpioled");
if(NULL == dev->dev_node)
{
printk("find dev_node failed!\n");
goto find_devnode;
}
/*2. 获取Led设备编号 */
dev->gpio_number = of_get_named_gpio(dev->dev_node, "led-gpio", 0);
if(dev->gpio_number < 0)
{
printk("get led_io_number failed!\n");
goto get_led_gpio_number;
}
/*3. 请求设备GPIO */
ret = gpio_request(dev->gpio_number, "led");
if(ret != 0)
{
printk("gpio_request failed!\n");
goto gpio_request_failed;
}
/*4. 设置IO为输出功能,设置高电平(关闭Led灯) */
ret = gpio_direction_output(dev->gpio_number, 1);
if(ret < 0)
{
printk("set io_output failed!\n");
goto set_output_io;
}
return 0;
set_output_io:
gpio_free(dev->gpio_number);
gpio_request_failed:
get_led_gpio_number:
find_devnode:
return ret;
}
/*驱动入口函数 */
static int __init timer_init(void)
{
int ret = 0;
timer.major = 0;
/*1. 注册/申请设备号 */
if(timer.major) //如果给出主设备号,则注册设备号
{
timer.devid = MKDEV(timer.major, 0);
ret = register_chrdev_region(timer.devid, TIMER_CNT, TIMER_NAME);
}
else //否则申请设备号
{
ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&timer.devid, 0, TIMER_CNT, TIMER_NAME);
timer.major = MAJOR(timer.devid);
timer.minor = MINOR(timer.devid);
}
if(ret < 0)
{
printk("devid apply failed!\n");
goto devid_failed;
}
printk("major: %d minor: %d\n", timer.major,timer.minor);
/*2. 设备初始化,添加设备*/
timer.cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
cdev_init(&timer.cdev, &timer_fops);
ret = cdev_add(&timer.cdev, timer.devid, TIMER_CNT);
if(ret < 0)
{
printk("cdev_add failed!\n");
goto cdev_init_failed;
}
/*3. 自动创建设备节点 */
timer.class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, TIMER_NAME);
if(IS_ERR(timer.class)){
printk(KERN_ERR "class_create failed!\n");
ret = PTR_ERR(timer.class);
goto class_create_failed;
}
timer.device = device_create(timer.class, NULL, timer.devid, NULL, TIMER_NAME);
if (IS_ERR(timer.device)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "device_create failed!\n");
ret = PTR_ERR(timer.device);
goto device_create_failed;
}
/*4. Led设备初始化 */
led_io_init(&timer);
/*5. 定时器初始化*/
init_timer(&timer.timing_dev);
timer.timing_dev.function = timer_func; //回调函数
timer.timing_dev.data = (unsigned long)&timer; //将设备结构体作为参数
timer.timing_dev.expires = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(1000); //500ms
//向内核注册定时器
add_timer(&timer.timing_dev);
return 0;
device_create_failed:
class_destroy(timer.class);
class_create_failed:
cdev_del(&timer.cdev);
cdev_init_failed:
unregister_chrdev_region(timer.devid, TIMER_CNT);
devid_failed:
return ret;
}
/*驱动出口函数 */
static void __exit timer_exit(void)
{
/* 删除定时器 */
del_timer_sync(&timer.timing_dev);
/*关闭Led灯 */
gpio_set_value(timer.gpio_number, 1);
/*1. 释放设备编号 */
gpio_free(timer.gpio_number);
/*2. 删除设备 */
cdev_del(&timer.cdev);
/*3. 注销设备号*/
unregister_chrdev_region(timer.devid, TIMER_CNT);
/*4. 销毁设备 & 类*/
device_destroy(timer.class, timer.devid);
class_destroy(timer.class);
}
/*驱动入口与出口函数 */
module_init(timer_init);
module_exit(timer_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); //驱动 License
MODULE_AUTHOR("WeiYing"); //作者
三. 编译驱动
进入 12_timer工程目录下编译驱动代码:
wangtian@wangtian-virtual-machine:~/zhengdian_Linux/Linux_Drivers/12_timer$ make
make -C /home/wangtian/zhengdian_Linux/linux/kernel/linux-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga M=/home/wangtian/zhengdian_Linux/Linux_Drivers/12_timer modules
make[1]: 进入目录“/home/wangtian/zhengdian_Linux/linux/kernel/linux-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga”
CC [M] /home/wangtian/zhengdian_Linux/Linux_Drivers/12_timer/timer.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC /home/wangtian/zhengdian_Linux/Linux_Drivers/12_timer/timer.mod.o
LD [M] /home/wangtian/zhengdian_Linux/Linux_Drivers/12_timer/timer.ko
make[1]: 离开目录“/home/wangtian/zhengdian_Linux/linux/kernel/linux-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga”
wangtian@wangtian-virtual-machine:~/zhengdian_Linux/Linux_Drivers/12_timer$
可以看出,驱动模块编译通过。接下来对该驱动模块进行测试,确定定时器是否实现定时驱动Led灯亮灭。