作者:陈刚,叩丁狼高级讲师。本文为原创文章,转载请注明出处。
对于一个优秀的程序员而言,一个技术不仅要会用,还要知道他的实现原理和思想,即不仅要知其然还要知其所以然,这样我们写代码才会特别自信,出现bug才能很快定位到问题所在。接下来我们就来简单探讨一下SpringCloud的实现原理,即:源码分析
服务注册与发现是SpringCloud最基础的部分,我们就从这部分开始着手分析,我们来看一下我们第一章写的服务注册案例,图:
我们知道当服务(Eureka Client)启动会主动向 EurekaServer注册自己,而消费者服务需要调用提供者服务实现消费时是需要向EurekaServer获取目标服务的服务地址等信息,那么我们就先来分析一下EurekaClient是如何实现服务注册的。
回想一下我们构造一个EurekaClient服务实例的时候需要做哪些事情呢?
1.在主程序配置类打开 @EnableDiscoveryClient(或EnableEurekaClient)标签开启EurekaClient功能
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class EurekaClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientApplication.class, args);
}
}
2.在applicatiton.properties中做一些服务的基础配置和注册中心地址配置
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:1111/eureka/ #服务注册地址
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true
server:
port: 3333
spring:
application:
name: consumer1
...
点开 @ EnableDiscoveryClient 源码如下:
/**
* Annotation to enable a DiscoveryClient implementation.
* @author Spencer Gibb
*/
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@Import(EnableDiscoveryClientImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableDiscoveryClient {
/**
* If true, the ServiceRegistry will automatically register the local server.
*/
boolean autoRegister() default true;
}
EnableDiscoveryClient的文档注释:
Annotation to enable a DiscoveryClient implementation
告诉我们:这个EnableDiscoveryClient这个标签是用来开启 DiscoveryClient的,那么我们来看一下 org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient 如下:
/**
* DiscoveryClient represents read operations commonly available to Discovery service such as
* Netflix Eureka or consul.io
* @author Spencer Gibb
*/
public interface DiscoveryClient {
/**
* A human readable description of the implementation, used in HealthIndicator
* @return the description
*/
String description();
/**
* Get all ServiceInstances associated with a particular serviceId
* @param serviceId the serviceId to query
* @return a List of ServiceInstance
*/
List<ServiceInstance> getInstances(String serviceId);
/**
* @return all known service ids
*/
List<String> getServices();
}
DiscoveryClient 的注释:
DiscoveryClient represents read operations commonly available to Discovery service such as Netflix Eureka or consul.io
告诉我们这个接口定义了服务通常的读取操作的抽象方法,分析这个接口下的三个方法,作用分别是:获取备注 ,根据服务id获取服务列表,获取所有的服务的id
这个接口貌似到顶了,我们看一下他的实现类你可以看到一个让你很亲切的名字 EurekaDiscoveryClient(Eureka的服务客户端) 如下:
public class EurekaDiscoveryClient implements DiscoveryClient {
public static final String DESCRIPTION = "Spring Cloud Eureka Discovery Client";
private final EurekaInstanceConfig config;
private final EurekaClient eurekaClient;
public EurekaDiscoveryClient(EurekaInstanceConfig config, EurekaClient eurekaClient) {
this.config = config;
this.eurekaClient = eurekaClient;
}
@Override
public String description() {
return DESCRIPTION;
}
@Override
public List<ServiceInstance> getInstances(String serviceId) {
List<InstanceInfo> infos = this.eurekaClient.getInstancesByVipAddress(serviceId,
false);
List<ServiceInstance> instances = new ArrayList<>();
for (InstanceInfo info : infos) {
instances.add(new EurekaServiceInstance(info));
}
return ins