前言:前一段时间在做项目的时候,某段代码中用到了多线程,该处代码需要开启多个线程,待这几个线程执行完毕后再接着执行后续的流程。现将可采用的方法记录如下。
要达到上述的描述的情形,可以使用Thread的join()方法,也可以使用java.util.concurrent包中的CountDownLatch类。具体如下:
一、使用Thread.join()方法
该方法在JDK API中的解释为“等待该线程终止”,存在三个方法重载,如下:
void join();
void join(long millis); // 等待该线程终止的最长时间为millis毫秒
void join(long millis, int nanos); // 等待该线程终止的最长时间为millis毫秒+nanos纳秒
代码如下:
package threadTest;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
/**
* Created by worm0527 on 2017/7/17.
*/
public class ThreadTest extends Thread {
// 线程名称
private String threadName;
// 线程休眠时间
private int sleepSec;
ThreadTest(String threadName, int sleepSec) {
super(threadName);
this.sleepSec = sleepSec;
start();// 在构造方法中启动线程
}
@Override
public void run() {
long starttime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " running...");
try {
// 休眠制定时间(单位:秒)
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(sleepSec);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " run at " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - starttime) + " ms");
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
long starttime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("Thread main running...");
Vector<Thread> threadVector = new Vector<Thread>();
for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) { // 开启四个线程
Thread t = new ThreadTest("Thread" + i, i);
threadVector.add(t);
}
for (Thread t : threadVector) { // 循环调用线程join()方法,等待线程结束
t.join();
}
System.out.println("Thread main End");
System.out.println("Thread main run at " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - starttime) + " ms");
}
}
运行结果:
二、使用CountDownLatch类
主要使用了该类的await()和countDown()两个方法。await()阻塞线程,直到计数器归零或者线程被中断,调用countDown()来递减计数器。
代码如下:
package threadTest;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* Created by worm0527 on 2017/7/18.
*/
public class ThreadTest1 extends Thread {
// 线程名称
private String threadName;
// 线程休眠时间
private int sleepSec;
private CountDownLatch latch; // 线程类中持有CountDownLatch对象的引用
public ThreadTest1(String threadName, int sleepSec, CountDownLatch latch) {
super(threadName);
this.sleepSec = sleepSec;
this.latch = latch;
start();// 在构造方法中启动线程
}
@Override
public void run() {
long starttime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " running...");
try {
// 休眠制定时间(单位:秒)
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(sleepSec);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " run at " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - starttime) + " ms");
latch.countDown();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
long starttime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("Thread main running...");
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(4); // 共四个子线程
for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
new ThreadTest1("Thread" + i, i, latch);
}
latch.await(); // 阻塞,直到线程计数归零
System.out.println("Thread main End");
System.out.println("Thread main run at " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - starttime) + " ms");
}
}
运行结果: