搭建nginx负载均衡服务器

Nginx的反向代理功能配置一个nginx负载均衡服务器，后端有三个服务节点，提供web服务。


搭建环境：
系统redhat系统5.4

（1）搭建前准备：
四台linux主机
DNS:192.168.1.150
web:192.168.1.121
web:192.168.1.125
web:192.168.1.126
nginx:192.168.1.120 用nginx搭建负载均衡

注明：
在这里主要介绍nginx使用，以上几台请参考其它配置文件来做。
再要搭建nginx负载时首先做好域名解析：注明：其他三个web不需要做什么域名解析，
A记录：www.test.com
反向记录：192.168.1.120


一：现在开始安装nginx
（1）安装依赖包：
gcc,openssl-devel,pcre-devl,zlib-devel软件库。
（2）安装Nginx所需的pcre-devel库
tar -zxvf pcre-8.02.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.02
./configure
make
make install
(3)安装Nginx
tar -zxvf nginx-0.7.65.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
cd nginx-0.7.65
./configure --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make
make install

检查Nginx配置文件是否正常：
/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
the configuration file /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

启动Nginx服务：
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

关闭Nginx服务：
kill xxx pid号

到此Nginx安装完成
（4）配置主配置文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user nobody;
worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
error_log logs/error.log debug;

pid logs/nginx.pid;


events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 1024;
}


http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 6 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
# server {
# listen 80;
# server_name localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

#location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
#}

error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
# error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
# location = /50x.html {
# root html;
# }

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}


# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;

# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}


# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443;
# server_name localhost;

# ssl on;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

# ssl_session_timeout 5m;

# ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
# ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
http
{
upstream www.test.com {
server 192.168.1.125:80 weight=3 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
server 192.168.1.126:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
server 192.168.1.121:80 weight=5 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
}

server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.test.com;
index index.htm index.html;
#root /web/wwwroot;

location / {
proxy_pass http://www.test.com;
proxy_next_upstream http_500 http_502 http_503 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
include proxy.conf;
}
log_format blog_test_com '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '
'"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/blog_test_com;
}
}


（5）配置proxy.conf文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 6 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
:wq 保存

注明：到此nginx负载均衡已搭建完成，

测试：http://www.test.com 就看可以访问到