《python和pygame游戏开发指南》slidepuzzle.py源码分析

《python和pygame游戏开发指南》slidepuzzle.py源码分析
今天看看slidepuzzle游戏，这个游戏象魔方一样，我可玩不来。上次看到一本人工智能书上，有如何求解的例子，用到了启发式算法。没看懂。
这个程序呢？很粗暴，先把棋盘打乱，把移动的每一步记下来，要复原时，进行反向操作。根本就没有用人工智能。
程序源码大致功能就是这样。当然具体实现有些麻烦。我有些不想看下去。为此，就打开电脑，用vim看，碰到子程序，就跳进去看。看代码，通过书来看，还真是不行。
我把源代码放后面。

# Slide Puzzle
# By Al Sweigart al@inventwithpython.com
# http://inventwithpython.com/pygame
# Released under a "Simplified BSD" license

import pygame, sys, random
from pygame.locals import *

# Create the constants (go ahead and experiment with different values)
BOARDWIDTH = 3  # number of columns in the board
BOARDHEIGHT = 3 # number of rows in the board
TILESIZE = 80
WINDOWWIDTH = 640
WINDOWHEIGHT = 480
FPS = 30
BLANK = None

#                 R    G    B
BLACK =         (  0,   0,   0)
WHITE =         (255, 255, 255)
BRIGHTBLUE =    (  0,  50, 255)
DARKTURQUOISE = (  3,  54,  73)
GREEN =         (  0, 204,   0)

BGCOLOR = DARKTURQUOISE
TILECOLOR = GREEN
TEXTCOLOR = WHITE
BORDERCOLOR = BRIGHTBLUE
BASICFONTSIZE = 20

BUTTONCOLOR = WHITE
BUTTONTEXTCOLOR = BLACK
MESSAGECOLOR = WHITE

XMARGIN = int((WINDOWWIDTH - (TILESIZE * BOARDWIDTH + (BOARDWIDTH - 1))) / 2)
YMARGIN = int((WINDOWHEIGHT - (TILESIZE * BOARDHEIGHT + (BOARDHEIGHT - 1))) / 2)

UP = 'up'
DOWN = 'down'
LEFT = 'left'
RIGHT = 'right'

def main():
    global FPSCLOCK, DISPLAYSURF, BASICFONT, RESET_SURF, RESET_RECT, NEW_SURF, NEW_RECT, SOLVE_SURF, SOLVE_RECT

    pygame.init()
    FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
    DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT))
    pygame.display.set_caption('Slide Puzzle')
    BASICFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', BASICFONTSIZE)

    # Store the option buttons and their rectangles in OPTIONS.
    RESET_SURF, RESET_RECT = makeText('Reset',    TEXTCOLOR, TILECOLOR, WINDOWWIDTH - 120, WINDOWHEIGHT - 90)
    NEW_SURF,   NEW_RECT   = makeText('New Game', TEXTCOLOR, TILECOLOR, WINDOWWIDTH - 120, WINDOWHEIGHT - 60)
    SOLVE_SURF, SOLVE_RECT = makeText('Solve',    TEXTCOLOR, TILECOLOR, WINDOWWIDTH - 120, WINDOWHEIGHT - 30)

    mainBoard, solutionSeq = generateNewPuzzle(80)
    SOLVEDBOARD = getStartingBoard() # a solved board is the same as the board in a start state.
    allMoves = [] # list of moves made from the solved configuration

    while True: # main game loop
        slideTo = None # the direction, if any, a tile should slide
        msg = 'Click tile or pre