5-6面向对象编程（中）----面向对象的特征之三：多态性--练习（2）

多态性练习二

建立InstanceTest 类，在类中定义方法
method(Person e);
在method中:
(1)根据e的类型调用相应类的getInfo()方法。
(2)根据e的类型执行：
如果e为Person类的对象，输出： “a person”;
如果e为Student类的对象，输出：
“a student”
“a person ”
如果e为Graduate类的对象，输出：
“a graduated student”
“a student”
“a person”

代码：

public class InstanceTest {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  InstanceTest test = new InstanceTest();
  test.method(new Student());
 }
 
 public void method(Person e) {
  // 虚拟方法调用
  String info = e.getInfo();
  System.out.println(info);
  //方式一：
//  if (e instanceof Graduate) {
//   System.out.println("a graduated student");
//   System.out.println("a student");
//   System.out.println("a person");
//  }else if(e instanceof Student) {
//   System.out.println("a student");
//   System.out.println("a person");
//  }else {
//   System.out.println("a person");
//  }
  //方式二：
  if (e instanceof Graduate) {
   System.out.println("a graduated student");
  }
  if(e instanceof Student) {
   System.out.println("a student");
  }
  if(e instanceof Person) {
   System.out.println("a person");
  }
 }
}
 
class Person {
 protected String name = "person";
 protected int age = 50;
 
 public String getInfo() {
  return "Name: " + name + "\n" + "age: " + age;
 }
}
 
class Student extends Person {
 protected String school = "pku";
 
 public String getInfo() {
  return "Name: " + name + "\nage: " + age + "\nschool: " + school;
 }
}
 
class Graduate extends Student {
 public String major = "IT";
 
 public String getInfo() {
  return "Name: " + name + "\nage: " + age + "\nschool: " + school + "\nmajor:" + major;
 }
}

输出：

Name: person
age: 50
school: pku
a student
a person