Android开发 Settings源代码分析（1）

1.Android Settings源码的路径为：
android\packages\apps\Settings
2.settings主界面UI布局
Settings的启动类为：

/**
 * Top-level settings activity to handle single pane and double pane UI layout.
 */
public class Settings extends PreferenceActivity
        implements ButtonBarHandler, OnAccountsUpdateListener {

从继承关系可以看出，Settings类继承于PreferenceActivity，因此具有Preference的一些属性和结构。
从Google settings的UI看出，左边是一些tab，右边是tab对应的内容，那么这些tab以及tab对应的内容主要是什么，以及如何显示的呢？
对于tab的显示，对应的code为：

  /**
     * Populate the activity with the top-level headers.
     */
    @Override
    public void onBuildHeaders(List<Header> headers) {
        if (!onIsHidingHeaders()) {
            loadHeadersFromResource(R.xml.settings_headers, headers);
            updateHeaderList(headers);
        }
    }

loadHeadersFromResource(R.xml.settings_headers, headers);这个就是加载一些数据出来。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project

     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
     You may obtain a copy of the License at

          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     limitations under the License.
-->

<preference-headers
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">


    <!-- WIRELESS and NETWORKS -->
    <header android:id="@+id/wireless_section"
        android:title="@string/header_category_wireless_networks" />

    <!-- Wifi -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/wifi_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.wifi.WifiSettings"
        android:title="@string/wifi_settings_title"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_wireless" />
    <!-- Bluetooth -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/bluetooth_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.bluetooth.BluetoothSettings"
        android:title="@string/bluetooth_settings_title"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_bluetooth2" />

    <!-- Data Usage -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/data_usage_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.DataUsageSummary"
        android:title="@string/data_usage_summary_title"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_data_usage" />

    <!-- Operator hook -->
    <header
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.WirelessSettings"
        android:id="@+id/operator_settings">
        <intent android:action="com.android.settings.OPERATOR_APPLICATION_SETTING" />
    </header>

    <!-- Other wireless and network controls -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/wireless_settings"
        android:title="@string/radio_controls_title"
        android:breadCrumbTitle="@string/wireless_networks_settings_title"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.WirelessSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/empty_icon" />

    <!-- DEVICE -->
    <header android:id="@+id/device_section"
        android:title="@string/header_category_device" />

    <!-- Home -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/home_settings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_home"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.HomeSettings"
        android:title="@string/home_settings" />

    <!-- Sound -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/sound_settings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_sound"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.SoundSettings"
        android:title="@string/sound_settings" />

    <!-- Display -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/display_settings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_display"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.DisplaySettings"
        android:title="@string/display_settings" />

    <!-- Storage -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/storage_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.deviceinfo.Memory"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_storage"
        android:title="@string/storage_settings" />

    <!-- Battery -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/battery_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.fuelgauge.PowerUsageSummary"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_battery"
        android:title="@string/power_usage_summary_title" />

    <!-- Application Settings -->
    <header
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.applications.ManageApplications"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_applications"
        android:title="@string/applications_settings"
        android:id="@+id/application_settings" />

    <!-- Manage users -->
    <header
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.users.UserSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_multiuser"
        android:title="@string/user_settings_title"
        android:id="@+id/user_settings" />

    <!-- Manage NFC payment apps -->
    <header
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.nfc.PaymentSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_nfc_payment"
        android:title="@string/nfc_payment_settings_title"
        android:id="@+id/nfc_payment_settings" />

    <!-- Manufacturer hook -->
    <header
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.WirelessSettings"
        android:id="@+id/manufacturer_settings">
        <intent android:action="com.android.settings.MANUFACTURER_APPLICATION_SETTING" />
    </header>

    <!-- PERSONAL -->
    <header android:id="@+id/personal_section"
        android:title="@string/header_category_personal" />

    <!-- Location -->
    <header
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.location.LocationSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_location"
        android:title="@string/location_settings_title"
        android:id="@+id/location_settings" />

    <!-- Security -->
    <header
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.SecuritySettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_security"
        android:title="@string/security_settings_title"
        android:id="@+id/security_settings" />

    <!-- Language -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/language_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.inputmethod.InputMethodAndLanguageSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_language"
        android:title="@string/language_settings" />

    <!-- Backup and reset -->
    <header
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.PrivacySettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_backup"
        android:title="@string/privacy_settings"
        android:id="@+id/privacy_settings" />

    <!--  ACCOUNTS section -->
    <header
            android:id="@+id/account_settings"
            android:title="@string/account_settings" />

    <header
            android:id="@+id/account_add"
            android:title="@string/add_account_label"
            android:icon="@drawable/ic_menu_add_dark">
        <intent
            android:action="android.settings.ADD_ACCOUNT_SETTINGS"/>
    </header>

    <!-- SYSTEM -->
    <header android:id="@+id/system_section"
        android:title="@string/header_category_system" />

    <!-- Date & Time -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/date_time_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.DateTimeSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_date_time"
        android:title="@string/date_and_time_settings_title" />

    <!-- Accessibility feedback -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/accessibility_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.accessibility.AccessibilitySettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_accessibility"
        android:title="@string/accessibility_settings" />

    <!-- Print -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/print_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.print.PrintSettingsFragment"
        android:icon="@*android:drawable/ic_print"
        android:title="@string/print_settings" />

    <!-- Development -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/development_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.DevelopmentSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_development"
        android:title="@string/development_settings_title" />

    <!-- About Device -->
    <header
        android:id="@+id/about_settings"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.DeviceInfoSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_about"
        android:title="@string/about_settings" />

</preference-headers>

从上述xml可以看出，header的内容是通过fragment来显示，定义了每一个header对应的fragment。
下面是我显示的一些数据：

 // Show only these settings for restricted users
    private int[] SETTINGS_FOR_RESTRICTED = {
            R.id.wireless_section,
            R.id.wifi_settings,
            R.id.bluetooth_settings,
            R.id.data_usage_settings,
            R.id.wireless_settings,
            R.id.device_section,
            R.id.sound_settings,
            R.id.display_settings,
            R.id.storage_settings,
            R.id.application_settings,
            R.id.battery_settings,
            R.id.personal_section,
            R.id.location_settings,
            R.id.security_settings,
            R.id.language_settings,
            R.id.user_settings,
            R.id.account_settings,
            R.id.account_add,
            R.id.system_section,
            R.id.date_time_settings,
            R.id.about_settings,
            R.id.accessibility_settings,
            R.id.print_settings,
            R.id.nfc_payment_settings,
            R.id.home_settings
    };

这些是我不显示的数据：

 //not show these items
    private int[] SETTINGS_FOR_REMOVED = {
            R.id.data_usage_settings,
            R.id.operator_settings,
            R.id.wireless_settings,

            R.id.home_settings,
            R.id.sound_settings,
            R.id.display_settings,
            R.id.storage_settings,
            R.id.battery_settings,
            R.id.user_settings,

            R.id.location_settings,
            R.id.security_settings,

            R.id.account_settings,
            R.id.account_add,

            R.id.accessibility_settings,
            R.id.print_settings,
            R.id.development_settings
    };

在private void updateHeaderList(List

target)函数中，会根据当前平台是否支持某项feature，决定是否显示对应的header，如果不想要那个就可以remove：

 private void updateHeaderList(List<Header> target) {
        final boolean showDev = mDevelopmentPreferences.getBoolean(
                DevelopmentSettings.PREF_SHOW,
                android.os.Build.TYPE.equals("eng"));
        int i = 0;

        final UserManager um = (UserManager) getSystemService(Context.USER_SERVICE);
        mHeaderIndexMap.clear();
        while (i < target.size()) {
            Header header = target.get(i);
            // Ids are integers, so downcasting
            int id = (int) header.id;
            if (id == R.id.operator_settings || id == R.id.manufacturer_settings) {
                Utils.updateHeaderToSpecificActivityFromMetaDataOrRemove(this, target, header);
            } else if (id == R.id.wifi_settings) {
                // Remove WiFi Settings if WiFi service is not available.
                if (!getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI)) {
                    target.remove(i);
                }
            } else if (id == R.id.bluetooth_settings) {

下面图片就是我显示的数据。