上篇 介绍了用接口的方法极大的节省了dao层,只需通过 配置文件和接口就可以实现,这次介绍的是通过splsession来实现dao,这种方法比较灵活;
这篇文章基于Mybatis与Spring整合(一)
不同之处在于把 Mybatis与Spring整合(一)中的第五、第七、第八去掉,第六步需要去掉一点内容,保留其它几个一级目录即可再加上另外的两个一级目录
一、创建maven工程
创建一个普通的maven工程,基于web
项目目录:
二、创建数据库与表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '编号',
`title` varchar(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`price` double(10,2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '价格',
`publishDate` timestamp NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '出版日期',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `title` (`title`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of books
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES ('1', 'Java编程思想', '98.50', '2005-01-02 00:00:00');
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES ('2', 'HeadFirst设计模式', '55.70', '2010-11-09 00:00:00');
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES ('3', '第一行Android代码', '69.90', '2015-06-23 00:00:00');
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES ('4', 'C++编程思想', '88.50', '2004-01-09 00:00:00');
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES ('5', 'HeadFirst Java', '55.70', '2013-12-17 00:00:00');
INSERT INTO `books` VALUES ('6', '疯狂Android', '19.50', '2014-07-31 00:00:00');
三、添加依赖包
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.wqc</groupId>
<artifactId>BookStore</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.3.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--Spring框架核心库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- aspectJ AOP 织入器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.9</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis-spring适配器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring java数据库访问包,在本例中主要用于提供数据源 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql数据库驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>
<!--log4j日志包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis ORM框架 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JUnit单元测试工具 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
</dependency>
<!--c3p0 连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
有了c3p0为啥要spring-jdbc?这个就是连接池和数据源的区别....
四、新建POJO实体层
为了实现与数据库中的books表进行关系映射新建一个Book类
public class Book {
private int id;
private String title;
private double price;
private Date publishDate;
public Book(int id, String title, double price, Date publishDate) {
this.id = id;
this.title = title;
this.price = price;
this.publishDate = publishDate;
}
public Book() {
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
public Date getPublishDate() {
return publishDate;
}
public void setPublishDate(Date publishDate) {
this.publishDate = publishDate;
}
}
五、为MyBatis ORM创建的映射文件BookMapper.xml
(命名尽量都遵循一个规则,便于扫描,这里约定以实体名+Mapper)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--命名空间应该是对应接口的包名+接口名 -->
<mapper namespace="com.wqc.mapper.BookDAO">
<!--user结果映射-->
<resultMap id="Book" type="com.wqc.model.Book">
<result column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="title" property="title"/>
<result column="price" property="price"/>
<result column="publishDate" property="publishDate"/>
</resultMap>
<!--id应该是接口中的方法,结果类型如没有配置别名则应该使用全名称 -->
<!--获得所有图书 -->
<select id="getAllBooks" resultMap="Book">
select id,title,price,publishDate from books
</select>
<!--获得图书对象通过编号 -->
<select id="getBookById" resultMap="Book">
select id,title,price,publishDate from books where id=#{id}
</select>
<!-- 增加 -->
<insert id="add">
insert into books(title,price,publishDate)
values(#{title},#{price},#{publishDate})
</insert>
<!-- 删除 -->
<delete id="delete">
delete from books where id=#{id}
</delete>
<!-- 更新 -->
<update id="update">
update books set title=#{title},price=#{price},publishDate=#{publishDate}
where id=#{id}
</update>
</mapper>
六、完成Spring整合MyBatis配置
6.1、在源代码的根目录下新建 jdbc.properties文件,用于存放数据库连接信息,文件内容如下:
#mysql jdbc
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
jdbc.uid=root
jdbc.pwd=123456
6.2、在源代码的根目录下新建 applicationContext.xml文件,用于整合MyBatis与Spring,该文件是整个项目的控制中心,非常关键,具体的内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
<!--1 容器自动扫描IOC组件 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.wqc"></context:component-scan>
<!--2 引入属性文件,在配置中占位使用 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:jdbc.properties" />
<!--3 配置C3P0数据源 -->
<bean id="datasource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<!--驱动类名 -->
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<!-- url -->
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<!-- 用户名 -->
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.uid}" />
<!-- 密码 -->
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.pwd}" />
<!-- 当连接池中的连接耗尽的时候c3p0一次同时获取的连接数 -->
<property name="acquireIncrement" value="5"></property>
<!-- 初始连接池大小 -->
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="10"></property>
<!-- 连接池中连接最小个数 -->
<property name="minPoolSize" value="5"></property>
<!-- 连接池中连接最大个数 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="20"></property>
</bean>
<!--4 会话工厂bean sqlSessionFactoryBean -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 数据源 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"></property>
<!-- 别名 -->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.wqc.model"></property>
<!-- sql映射文件路径 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mapper/*Mapper.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!--6 声明式事务管理 -->
<!--定义事物管理器,由spring管理事务 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"></property>
</bean>
<!--支持注解驱动的事务管理,指定事务管理器 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<!--7 aspectj支持自动代理实现AOP功能 ,非必要 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
</beans>
这个xml中共有7处配置,第7处配置非必要,另外关于事务管理可以选择AOP拦截式事务管理。
七、封装sqlSession操作
QueryHepler.java
这是是查询助手,帮助封装sqlSession的参数:
public class QueryHelper {
private String nameSpace;
private String methodId;
private Object param;
private Map<String, Object> params;
// 设置命名空间.
public QueryHelper setNameSpace(String nameSpace) {
this.nameSpace = nameSpace;
return this;
}
// 设置dao方法的ID.
public QueryHelper setMethodId(String methodId) {
this.methodId = methodId;
return this;
}
// 设置一个参数.
public QueryHelper setParam(Object param) {
this.param = param;
return this;
}
// 设置多个参数.
public QueryHelper setParams(String key, Object value) {
if (params == null) {
params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
}
params.put(key, value);
return this;
}
// 获取一个参数.
public Object getParam() {
return param;
}
// 获得多个参数.
public Map<String, Object> getParams() {
return params;
}
// 获取非空的参数.
public Object getRealParams() {
return param == null ? params : param;
}
// 得到结果.
public String getMethod() {
return nameSpace + "." + methodId;
}
}
DaoSupport.java
public interface DaoSupport {
public void insert(QueryHelper queryHelper);
public void insert(String method,Object param);
public void delete(QueryHelper queryHelper);
public void delete(String method,Object o);
public void update(QueryHelper queryHelper);
public void update(String method,Object o);
public<T> T select(QueryHelper queryHelper);
public<T> T select(String method,Object o);
public<T> List<T> selectList(QueryHelper queryHelper);
public<T> List<T> selectList(String method,Object o);
public<T> List<T> getPageData(int pageNum,int pageSize,QueryHelper queryHelper);
public<T> List<T> selectWithoutParams(String method);
}
DaoSupportImpl.java
@Repository("daoSupport")
@Transactional //事务管理
public class DaoSupportImpl implements DaoSupport {
@Resource
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
private SqlSession sqlSession = null;
/**
* 获取sqlSession. 这里可以改进,详情见第九点
* @return
*/
public SqlSession getSqlSession(){
if(sqlSession==null){
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
return sqlSession;
}
@Override
public void insert(QueryHelper queryHelper) {
getSqlSession().insert(queryHelper.getMethod(),queryHelper.getRealParams());
}
@Override
public void insert(String method, Object param) {
getSqlSession().insert(method,param);
}
@Override
public void delete(QueryHelper queryHelper) {
getSqlSession().delete(queryHelper.getMethod(),queryHelper.getRealParams());
}
@Override
public void delete(String method, Object o) {
getSqlSession().delete(method,o);
}
@Override
public void update(QueryHelper queryHelper) {
getSqlSession().update(queryHelper.getMethod(),queryHelper.getRealParams());
}
@Override
public void update(String method, Object o) {
getSqlSession().update(method,o);
}
@Override
public <T> T select(QueryHelper queryHelper) {
return getSqlSession().selectOne(queryHelper.getMethod(),queryHelper.getRealParams());
}
@Override
public <T> T select(String method, Object o) {
return getSqlSession().selectOne(method,o);
}
@Override
public <T> List<T> selectList(QueryHelper queryHelper) {
return getSqlSession().selectList(queryHelper.getMethod(),queryHelper.getRealParams());
}
@Override
public <T> List<T> selectList(String method, Object o) {
return getSqlSession().selectList(method,o);
}
@Override
public <T> List<T> getPageData(int pageNum, int pageSize, QueryHelper queryHelper) {
return null;
}
@Override
public <T> List<T> selectWithoutParams(String method) {
return getSqlSession().selectList(method);
}
}
八、JUnit测试服务类
为了确保服务类中的每个方法正确,先使用JUnit进行单元测试,测试代码如下:
这里也可以采用注解的方式来测试,在测试类上加:
不过先要引入:spring-test jar包才能使用这两个注解
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("/application.xml")
TestBookServiceBySqlSession.java:
public class TestBookServiceBySqlSession {
private static DaoSupport daoSupport;
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
@BeforeClass
public static void before(){
ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
daoSupport=ctx.getBean(DaoSupport.class);
sqlSessionFactory=ctx.getBean(SqlSessionFactory.class);
}
// 原生的sqlSession,没有使用DaoSupport和QueryHelper
@Test
public void testSqlSession() {
List<Book> bookList = sqlSessionFactory.openSession().selectList("com.wqc.mapper.BookDAO.getAllBooks", null);
for (Book book : bookList) {
System.out.println(book);
}
}
@Test
public void testGetAllBooks() {
System.out.println("测试开始...");
QueryHelper helper = new QueryHelper();
helper.setNameSpace("com.wqc.mapper.BookDAO");
helper.setMethodId("getAllBooks");
List<Book> bookList = daoSupport.selectList(helper);
for (Book book : bookList) {
System.out.println(book);
}
System.out.println("测试结束...");
}
}
运行测试用例,测试通过...
九、改进点
1、sqlSession的改进
可以在第六点的mybatis与spring整合配置里加上下面的内容,就可以不用再daoSupport中手动注入sqlSession了。
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
就可以在DaoSupportImpl中直接 注解注入sqlSession
2、DaoSupportImpl的改进
可以在DaoSupportImpl的方法中try catch捕获异常,获取throws 向上一层抛出异常,让调用层知道是什么异常
例如:
try ... catch
@Override
public void insert(String method, Object param) {
try {
getSqlSession().insert(method,param);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
throws
@Override
public void insert(String method, Object param) throws Exception{
getSqlSession().insert(method,param);
}