获取Spring容器上下文

1、web.xml必须配置ContextLoaderListener监听器以及Spring容器上下文配置文件：

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

2、Spring容器上下文配置文件至少需要context命名空间及基础包扫描：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com"/>

</beans>

3、获取Spring容器上下文：

1)直接注入：

@Autowired
private ApplicationContext ac;

2）Spring容器上下文需要通过ServletContext获取，所以需要先获取到ServletContext：

public void getApplicationContext(HttpSession session) {
        ServletContext context = session.getServletContext();
        ApplicationContext ac = (ApplicationContext) context.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);
        DemoController controller = ac.getBean("demoController", DemoController.class);
        System.out.println(controller);
    }

3）使用WebApplicationContextUtils获取：

public void getApplicationContext(HttpSession session) {
        ServletContext context = session.getServletContext();
        ApplicationContext ac = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(context);
        DemoController controller = ac.getBean("demoController", DemoController.class);
        System.out.println(controller);
    }

4）通过ApplicationContextAware接口获取：

1.编写类实现ApplicationContextAware接口并交给spring管理：

@Component
public class ApplicationContextProvider implements ApplicationContextAware {
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    }

    public ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
        return applicationContext;
    }
}

2.在需要上下文的类中注入这个类，获取spring容器上下文：

@Autowired
private ApplicationContextProvider applicationContextProvider;

@RequestMapping("/getApplicationContext")
public void getApplicationContext(HttpSession session) {
    ApplicationContext ac = applicationContextProvider.getApplicationContext();
    DemoController controller = ac.getBean("demoController", DemoController.class);
    System.out.println(controller);
}

5）Springboot项目获取Spring容器上下文：

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootDemoApplication {

    private static ApplicationContext ac;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
       ac = SpringApplication.run(SpringbootDemoApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
        return ac;
    }

}

4：ClassPathXmlApplicationContext、WebApplicationContext、ApplicationContext关系：