springboot手动配置数据库

springboot有多种连接数据库的方式，包括JDBC、JPA、MyBatis、多数据源和事务。本文使用JDBC连接数据库。

• 1、引入数据库的依赖oracle/mysql

<!-- 数据库 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
    <artifactId>ojdbc6</artifactId>
    <version>10.2.0.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jdbc -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- 数据库 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- jdbc -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>

• 2、application.properties上增加数据库的配置

注：由于springboot会自动读取数据库驱动jar包中的META-INF/services/java.sql.Driver文件，文件中的值就是数据源的driverClassName的值，所以，配置数据源时，无须配置driverClassName

###################oracle##########################
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
###################mysql##########################
#spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/newdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
#spring.datasource.username=root
#spring.datasource.password=root

• 3、进行单元测试

package com.springboot.example.example;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ExampleApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
        String sql = "select * from student where id=1";
        System.out.println(jdbcTemplate.queryForMap(sql));
    }

}

• 4、打印结果：