linux signal中断系统函数/库函数

这篇文章是上一篇文章《c++实现服务器在线重启》中的一个实验，演示了linux下当系统函数/库函数遇到信号中断，当信号处理函数处理结束后系统函数/库函数所采取的动作。系统函数/库函数或者被重启，或者被彻底被中断，该动作取决于signal mask是否设置了SA_RESTART标志。如若有什么问题请参考这里

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>


#define MAXLINE 4096

void handler(int sig) {
    std::cout<<"hello"<<std::endl;
}

int main(int argc, char const* argv[])
{
    int    listenfd, connfd;
    struct sockaddr_in     servaddr;
    char    buff[4096];
    int     n;

    if( (listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1 ){
        printf("create socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n",strerror(errno),errno);
        exit(0);
    }

//    timeval timeout = {1, 0};
//    if (setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeval)) < 0)
//    {
//        exit(1);
//    }

    memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(6666);

    if( bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) == -1){
        printf("bind socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n",strerror(errno),errno);
        exit(0);
    }

    if( listen(listenfd, 10) == -1){
        printf("listen socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n",strerror(errno),errno);
        exit(0);
    }

    struct sigaction action;
    action.sa_handler = handler;
    sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask);
//    action.sa_flags = 0;  
    action.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART;

    sigaction(SIGALRM, &action, NULL);

    alarm(3);

    printf("======waiting for client's request======\n");

    if((connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)NULL, NULL)) == -1){
         printf("accept socket error: %s(errno: %d)",strerror(errno),errno);
     }
     n = recv(connfd, buff, MAXLINE, 0);
     buff[n] = '\0';

    std::cout<<buff<<std::endl;

    close(connfd);

    close(listenfd);

    //close the log
    closelog();

    while (1) {
        std::cout<<"wait..."<<std::endl;
        sleep(1);
    }
    return 0;
}

当action.sa_flags被设置为 0时，系统处理完中断信号没有重新启动accept，而是执行while循环部分，输出”wait…”。

======waiting for client's request======
hello
accept socket error: Interrupted system call(errno: 4)
wait...
wait...
wait...
wait...
wait...
^C

当action.sa_flags被设置为SA_RESTART时，系统处理完中断信号重启accept，所以程序仍然在监听，没有输出”wait…”。

======waiting for client's request======
hello
^C

根据官方的文档setsockopt函数会影响accpet函数的行为。实验中发现当调用了setsockopt函数后，action.sa_flags = 0和action.sa_flags = SA_RESTART表现出同样的行为。

#action.sa_flags = 0
#setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeval))
======waiting for client's request======
accept socket error: Resource temporarily unavailable(errno: 11)
wait...
wait...
wait...
hello
wait...
wait...
wait...
wait...
^C

#action.sa_flags = SA_RESTART
#setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeval))
======waiting for client's request======
accept socket error: Resource temporarily unavailable(errno: 11)
wait...
wait...
wait...
hello
wait...
wait...
wait...
wait...
^C