启动mysql服务的时候service mysqld start报错了
Starting mysqld (via systemctl): Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[失败]
使用命令journalctl -xe查看报错具体原因,发现鲜红的日志:SELinux is preventing mysqld from getattr access on the file /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1. For complete SELinux messages run: sealert -l
发现是selinux限制了。
解决方法如下:
1. 查看SELinux状态
1.1 getenforce
- getenforce 命令是单词get(获取)和enforce(执行)连写,可查看selinux状态,与setenforce命令相反。
setenforce 命令则是单词set(设置)和enforce(执行)连写,用于设置selinux防火墙状态,如: setenforce 0用于关闭selinux防火墙,但重启后失效
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce Enforcing
1.2 /usr/sbin/sestatus
Current mode表示当前selinux防火墙的安全策略
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus
SELinux status: enabled
SELinuxfs mount: /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory: /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name: targeted
Current mode: enforcing
Mode from config file: enforcing
Policy MLS status: enabled
Policy deny_unknown status: allowed
Max kernel policy version: 28
SELinux status:selinux防火墙的状态,enabled表示启用selinux防火墙
Current mode: selinux防火墙当前的安全策略,enforcing 表示强
2. 关闭SELinux
2.1 临时关闭
setenforce 0 :用于关闭selinux防火墙,但重启后失效。
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus
SELinux status: enabled
SELinuxfs mount: /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory: /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name: targeted
Current mode: permissive
Mode from config file: enforcing
Policy MLS status: enabled
Policy deny_unknown status: allowed
Max kernel policy version: 28
2.1 永久关闭
修改selinux的配置文件,重启后生效。
打开 selinux 配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
修改 selinux 配置文件
将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled,保存后退出
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=enforcing
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
此时获取当前selinux防火墙的安全策略仍为Enforcing,配置文件并未生效。
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
Enforcing
重启
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
验证
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus
SELinux status: disabled
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
Disabled
重新启动mysqld,结果还是失败,使用命令systemctl status mysqld.service查看,提示Failed to start SYSV
MySQL服务在启动的时候,不能创建pid文件。
mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld/
chown mysql.mysql /var/run/mysqld/
即可