java绘图之Graphics类

1.画图实现原理
Component类中提供了三个与绘图有关的三个方法。
paint(Graphics g):绘制组件的外观。
update(Graphics g):调用paint方法，刷新组件外观
repaint():调用update方法，刷新组件外观。
调用关系：repaint()调用update()方法；update调用paint()方法。
（1）程序不主动调用paint和update方法，如需重新绘制该组件直接调用repaint()方法即可。
（2）而paint()方法和update()方法通常被重写。
（3）一般地。程序通过重写paint方法在AWT组件上绘图。
Graphics类带有的绘制图方法。

drawLine():         //绘制直线
drawString():       //绘制字符串
drawRect():         //绘制矩形
drawRoundRect():    //绘制圆角矩形
drawOval():        //绘制椭圆形状
drawPolygon():     //绘制多边形边框
drawArc():         //绘制一段圆弧
drawPolyline():    //绘制折线
fillRect():        //填充矩形区域
fillRoundRect():   //填充圆角矩形区域
fillOval():        //填充多边形区域
fillPolygon():     //填充一个多边形区域
fillArc():         //填充圆弧和圆弧两个端点到中心连线所包围的区域
drawImage():       //绘制位图

代码实例：
点击按钮 生成对应矩形或椭圆

package Example.jerry.pratice;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Random;

public class GUIStudy {
    private final String RECT_SHAPE="rect";
    private final String OVAL_SHAPE="oval";
    private Frame f=new Frame("Simple Grapj");
    private Button rect=new Button("rect");
    private Button oval=new Button("oval");
    private String shape="";

    private Mycanvas drawArea=new Mycanvas();

    public void init(){
        Panel p=new Panel();
        rect.addActionListener(e -> {
            shape=RECT_SHAPE;
            drawArea.repaint();
        });
        oval.addActionListener(e -> {
            shape=OVAL_SHAPE;
            drawArea.repaint();
        });
        p.add(rect);
        p.add(oval);
        drawArea.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(250,180));
        f.add(drawArea);
        f.add(p,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        f.pack();
        f.setVisible(true);
    }

    class Mycanvas extends Canvas{
        //重写canvas的paint方法实现绘画
        public void paint(Graphics g){
            Random rand=new Random();
            if(shape.equals(RECT_SHAPE)){
                g.setColor(new Color(220,100,80));
                g.drawRect(rand.nextInt(200),rand.nextInt(120),40,60);
            }
            if(shape.equals(OVAL_SHAPE)){
                g.setColor(new Color(80,100,200));
                g.drawOval(rand.nextInt(200),rand.nextInt(120),50,40);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
           new GUIStudy().init();
    }
}

运行结果：